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HomeMy WebLinkAbout1976 Estimation of Stream Discharges Preferred by Steelheadf'- W ESTIMATION OF STREAM DISCHARGES PREFERRED BY STEELHEAD TROUT' FOR SPAWNING AND REARING I IN WESTERN WASHINGTON . OF MTE OF WkSKINGTE* DEPAMMUT OF - ECOLOQX LIBRARY UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE IWERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Prepared in cooperatlon with the State of Washington Department of Game 1976 OPEN-;FILE REPORT 7 The low instream flow that occurs in many streams during late summer /early fall is often the most critical flow needed by fish for survival. Washington studies have shown that steelhead trout and coho salmon populations will drop for every drop of water diverted from these streams during this critical time of year. Timing of salmon fresh -water life phases in the Quilcene Basin 1 WRIA 17 Species Fresh -water Life Phase Month i F M A M i J A 5 O N D Spring Upstream migration Chinook Spawning Intragravel develop. Juvenile rearing Juv. out migration Summer- Upstream migration Fall Spawning Chinook Intragravel develop. Juvenile'rearing Juv. out migration ElEEEEE Coho Upstream migration Spawning Intragravel develop. Juvenile rearing Juv. out migration SEES Pink Upstream migration Spawning Intragravel develop. Juvenile rearing, Juv. out migration Chum Upstream migration Spawning Intragravel develop. Juvenile rearing Juv. out migration M M MEN '001,000"I composition of these streams related to quantity of rearing area, it is estimated that coho escapements to the basin have ranged from 3,550 to 11,200 for the period 1966 to 1971, averaging 7,270 annually. Pink Salmon — Very few pink salmon inhabit the drainages of this basin. Only an incidental number of pink salmon have been observed in the Big and Little Quilcene rivers since 1955 during regular Chinook surveys. These odd - year runs have failed to increase into significant populations. Two hundred and eighty thousand progeny of the 1971 Hoodsport pink returns were released into the Big Quilcene River in an endeavor to stimulate the production of this species. However, the 1973 returns appear to be dismal, in- dicating poor survivals. The only other pink salmon run within this basin occurs in Salmon Creek at Discovery Bay, where this small population (less than 100) utilizes the lower two miles of stream. Adult pinks enter the basin drainages around October 1 and spawning commences shortly thereafter. These late -run populations have very short duration spawning cycles in comparison to the early -run pinks that normally occur in Hood Canal. Based on spawning ground information, the estimated annual escapement is insignificant, amounting to less than 200 adults. Chum Salmon — In this basin chum salmon inhabit all the rivers and streams accessible to anadromous fish. Con- centrated peak chum spawning areas in this basin are lo- cated in the lower two miles of the Big Quilcene River, the lower four miles of Little Quilcene River, the lower one mile in Tarboo and Thorndyke creeks, the lower three miles of Chimacum and Snow creeks, the lower one mile of Salmon Creek and of Jimmycomelately Creek. There are two distinct runs of spawning chum salmon in the Big Quilcene and Little Quilcene rivers. The early run enters the rivers in late September and spawns from October 1st to 20th; while the late -run spawners move upstream into these rivers the first week of November and spawn from mid - November to mid - December. All the smaller independent streams contain only late chum. runs whose upstream migra- tion begins in October and continues well into November with spawning occurring from mid - November and through most of December. Following incubation and subsequent fry emergence, the juveniles move into the estuary. This migra- tion occurs from late February into May. Spawning ground data from the Quilcene basin reveals the estimates of annual chum escapements have ranged from 5,400 to 12,800 for the period 1966 to 1971, averaging about 8,900 adults annually. Quilcene — 03 b w b a� v Is 9 N' �W a a C N $ m cu pi FM E � fV y ffi 0 a as � N rol N Z 61 r p O 6 O O � r BROS BOA (5p) mu IF IF fnstream flews for fish are often calculated by reviewing the fish habitat versus flow relationships from the instream flow studies. Note that there are.multiple fish species at . different lifestages (spawning, rearing) that all exist in the aver simultaneously. Experienced biologists from the state and federal resource agencies and the Tribes provide recommendations as how to best balance the. competing species and lifemages. Based on these recommendations, and Ecology's analysis on any other pertinent data, Ecology proposes a draft instrearn flow regulation. Ecology distributes the regulation for public comment and holds public hearings for public testimony. adopt the proo POW poMs again- Instream Flow Methods 1950's — Fisheries made maps of the areas with correct water depths and velocities for spawning salmon and calculated the square feet of fish habitat at different flows 1970's — Ecology used the Stream - Ranking Method on many streams but stopped using it: in 1979.. 1970's — Fisheries and Geological Survey were_funded for 8 years by the legislature to determine a method for' calculating how much fish habitat there was at different flows. They refined the idea used in the 1950's, measured 28 streams and rivers and came up with a short cut method called the Toe - width. We still use it today. 1980's -- Ecology began using the Instream Flow Incremental Methodology (IFIM) to set instream flows in 1983. It is still widely used throughout the nation and still considered state -of- the -art. It is a refinement of the above ideas of measuring fish habitat by calculating the area of correct water depth and velocities and substrate at different flows in the stream. i 1 American River 124° 123, 122- . 121° 120" . if ` C A __N'A,, D A WASHINWi __ -- -- 22 North Fork Toutle 0 20 40MILES \� 40 BOKILOME:ESS % 20 - 5 Chewack River 0 20 ' 26 ,17 5 17 Methow River 24 Snohomish River • 18 Middle Fork Satsop and Snoqualmie River 8 Deschutes River or 25 South Prairie Creek 9 Dewatto River 19 Nason Creek 21 10 Dosewallips River 20 North Fork Nooksack "O° do Face 11 Elk Creek and Smith River 28 Wynoochee River A PUGET j lea, OASTALt ' ` ; SOUND i 6. b REGION\.� REGION? . r19 COLUMBIA 9 BASIN 415 14 18 . 3 ct REGION 28 7 3 n• ereys \ 8 '3 25 Z1. �erbe, •� , 1 wMajor eer 23 22 0 121 e s A 16 27 2 EXPLANATION River Study rseoh C °w/1lbi0 •� •~ q �gi0n boundary 0 R E G 0'' N . 1 American River 12 Elochoman River 21 North Fork 2 Bear Branch 13 Green River Stillaguamish River 3 Bear Creek 14 Humptulips River 22 North Fork Toutle 4 Cedar River 15 Issaquah Creek River 5 Chewack River 16 Kalama River 23 North Nemah River 6 Chiwawa 'Rivaer 17 Methow River 24 Snohomish River 7 Cloquallum Creek 18 Middle Fork Satsop and Snoqualmie River 8 Deschutes River River 25 South Prairie Creek 9 Dewatto River 19 Nason Creek 26 Samish River 10 Dosewallips River 20 North Fork Nooksack 27 Wind River 11 Elk Creek and Smith River 28 Wynoochee River Creek FIGURE 1.. -- Location of streams and reaches studied in Washington. Cross bars on streams indicate study reaches. Salmon species present and periods of spawning differ in the three regions shown. 4 TABLE 8.-- Summary of drainage areas and channel widths at stream reaches studied Study stream Study reach Total basin drainage area (mil) Average channel width at toe- of -bank river stage (ft) Study stream Study reach Total basin drainage area (mil) . Average channel width at toe - of -bank river stage (ft) American A 35.4 44 Deschutes A 56.2 66 River B 58.1 40 River B 76.0 88 C. 70,2 82 C 139 77 Bear Branch A 8.80 33 Dewatto River A 18.4 31 8 9.64 35 A -1 19.1 31 C 11.7 45 B 21.7 52 Bear Creek A 4.39 15 Dosewallips A 91.9 105 B - 5.85 11 River B 99.9 100 C 10.8 16 C 114.8 123 Cedar River A 160 111 Smith Creek (A) A 3.48 15 B 169 96 and Elk Creek B 46.7 50 C -1 177 67 (B&C) C 57.6 83 Chewack River A 240 77 Elochoman A 47.1 117 B 294 62 River B 56.2 126 C 382 98 C 66.2 102 - Ch3wawa River A 50.0 78 Green River A 285 262 B 64.4 91 B 325 121 C 95.3 108 C 327 174 Cloquallum A 23.5 39 Humptulips A 48.9 116 Creek B 30.4 60 River B 61.4 149 C 60.2 48 C 132 163 Issaquah Creek A 17.6 31 North Fork A 277 158 B 27.0 42 Toutle River B 286. 110 C 38.1 40 C 291 208 Kalama River A 142 153 North Nemah A 6.7 24 B 154 106 River B 18.8 45 C' 157 147 C 19.1 40 Methow River A 363 162 Snoqualmie River A 450 238 B 411 114 (A&B) and Snohomish B 603 290 C 423 157 River (C) C 1537 547 Middle Fork A' 38.2 94 South prairie A 67.5 46 SAtsop River B 42.5 65 Creek B 69.7 78 C 56.7 74 C 87.2 76 Mason Creek A 61.6 67 Samish River A 27.0 30 B 69.9 66 B 40.3 39 C 107 85 C 87.8 52 North Fork A 105 130 wind River A 56.4 55 Nooksack River B 193 130 B 79.0 95.3 53 84 C 282 176 C North Fork A 51.5 108 Wynoochee A 16.4 77' Stillaquamish B 89.7 173 River B 74.1 178 Rive r C 162 196 C 112 214 27 2 O. H v W N m Z. 0 r W N go o_ r U W dl :, 2 O_ r V t u 3% Y u v ? O 0 O V .0 2 Y 0 o `� m °c r : :o Q ` M a a 1L a .. E< 'a y E E1• E 4 Z OMO x O N1':C -� W 10 O W n n > • O µ. Mf N M VON. -M rn W r � � W QQ a 1� .O O O M N . O O O N E N h h v ..N N r N Oo . E 55,10 wO o O ,r8ct, 1� -_j 2 q EN o h c =t:& e M FO moo J w`r� W to b Op -1,4 41 u 0 0+ .-1 a W b ;� a 00 0 40 U W a N 41 V � s,1 bl 0 f.1 P. O to M °'gym 1OI M � � �4 SN313IN 3aVnbS NI 'V3HV 318VNMVdS 4 10 o 0 0 o Ln o 0 0 N I 0 o. z 0 U W N Ln W CL cn �.M o - 0 ~ W q ep on eo a� c .al W u. ate• o w 6 w a z C �0 O d! w W • U C m U W ~ W q .al W u. ; .r M C �0 O d! U C m d O m I P4 A d U 93 v Jd U O g3 •1k C Z O N Z _ la �W - w W Y t3 u C7 0 � O m O .04 .p 0, oo u d N 0 M r u p �► O co c 41 +• �► o Ar � tlf M W rt d: n`. A {A 9M2) 3C 914 Im Z I H + c'n - O C O O O real 1333 3mynOS NI 'V38V 318VNMVdS 3n 15 r— BF TW TB BF = 8ankfull stage T8 = Toe of bank TW = Width at toe of bank , P = Wetted perimeter FIGURE 2:- -Cross section of a stream, showing- selected channel parameters. A. Qr,_ the rearing discharge, is the discharge that provides water that just covers the streambed. It is related to the availability of aquatic insects serving as a food supply for ;fish. The rearing discharges determined in this report are much less the spawning discharge, and - flows of less thane +a in g dischar a would be. critical at any time he yeah. i us, maintaining flows in excess touring discharge would be of prime importance tiftg streaNflow for stoolhead rearing: is 00 avragge wetted perimeter of the streambed at * p vin discharge (fig. 2)- Like the rearing is *molt iPO'ance of this wetted perimeter is re-1 to to #_ y for rearing fish. WO mores 13 ; A4 XASu RE wl DTH 'Ron, 7-OB7 o F $441,it' 'ro - 07'6}A TOE OF 3.4Nkl = C HAIV6 45" 1SL"!'w,E'E'N 18.44E ?3AW.< AIOVZ 5%-IQE�/�2 I3iEb G2ASS e6��c �/ �.• SAKE gANKjNO itB(o�aTi��'sb . ���R.4vEt.• ToE"- W I pT M 7" jQRNSEGT /� C �t'ArlEc /CO S �3c � seta .�'ra4i¢T� 'TYPIC41 -i.y '7" , F. 7-4 « 4F Poo L MoD L a'Go w a IL�� FRiRLY K/1//FO%2/vi spp idrr D EP7W o4,, t4 r - /t '7t7�- w r ar►1 TkANSc L'' . A UE/Q,4 E w l DTN OF t o u %e 7Tie�Q -r�' SEc_TS / / %ASS/ f�� ✓� T/�'ANsEc r-f ©A✓ /°CvC ?PE W ��TIyFP,ROX� /�'!AT'ELy' LOW FGOw ltf�'T'D DE'S/r�'a�b �(SH FGOUJ = /¢ f-,7.•�rs ��- w:clf� ��� � �o�.•�✓ Te-w-lo" C4 For _ 5'F'Awiv /N6 S;AkM cn• �rxl�+s., `JP,¢W.vI N& fTE�Ll�F�9ii Gfrl,•`h.+ok� F';w/c Co 4LO 0.s'S' 4• i39 1,31 *2- �X/¢it9PLE 6ELLCRESt j -rOE- wrDTi *= $.2 {cey-' 'POTIM" 1=150 grow 1 .1•t Fok SP.ai,,,,NtNC, cH►AlOOK -- in 4a rn Ma in M a as FA X, M. tn O ch CD so fill did 13 -2 WN O S Gy 4a rn Ma FA X, it, N N mn w to e 0 No 04 N w Q 0 Al' 00 ..i .+ oa WRIA 17, Quilcene. Measured Flows. Measured Stream Name Tributary to Flow (cfs) Ludlow Creek RM 0.5 (@ Old wooden bridge Port Ludlow Bay 5 crossing along Oak Bay Rd.) Unnamed Creek # 17.0200 RM 0.2 (@ Oak Mats Mats Bay 0.3 Bay Rd. crossing) Chimacum Creek RM Port Townsend 2.0 (® New Comer Rd. gay 8.7 crossing) Thorndyke Creek RM 1.0 (0 Thomdyke Rd. Hood Canal 9.99 crossing) Tarboo Creek RM 0.7 Tarboo (0 Tarboo P.O. Rd. gay /Dabob Bay 3.4 crossing) Donovan Creek RM 1.0 (Old Bridge oft dirt Rd. Quilcene Bay 0.15 0.4 mi. north of Mc Innis Rd.) Little Quilcene River RM 1.0 (0 Dabob Rd. Quilcene Bay 18.8 crossing) Leland Creek RM 2.0 Little Quilcene 1.5 (0 Hwy 101 crossing) River Ripley Creek RM 0.1 Little Quilcene Dry (@ Lords Lake Rd. crossing) River Howe Creek RM 0.4 Little Quilcene 4.9 (@ Lords Lake Rd. crossing) River Spencer Creek RM 0.0 (@ Bee Rd. crossing, Jackson 0.75 west side of road —no tidal Cove /Dabob Bay influence) Marple Creek RM 0.0 Jackson Dry ((@ Bee Rd. crossing) Cove/Dabob Bay Toe Width Flows for WRIA 17, Quilcene Average Stream Name Tributary to Toe Toe -Width Flow for Fish Spawning and Rearing (in cfs) Width (in Ludlow Creek RM 0.5 Coho Chum (0 Old wooden bridge Port Ludlow Bay 22.3 crossing along Oak Bay Spawning Spawning Rd.) Rearing Rearing Unnamed Creek # 24.6 49.7 17.0200 RM 0.2 (@ Mats Mats Bay 6 Oak Bay Rd. crossing) 32.1 63.9 Chimacum Creek RM Port Townsend 12.1 2.0 (0 Ness Comer Rd. Bay 18.8 crossing) 6.1 5.5 Thorndyke Creek RM 61.2 117.7 1.0 (@ Thomdyke Rd. Hood Canal 18.2 crossing) 33.1 65.7 Tarboo Creek RM 0.7 Tarboo 12.5 (0 Tarboo P.O. Rd. Bay /Dabob Bay 15.4 crossing) Donovan Creek RM 1.0 (Old Bridge off dirt Rd: Quilcene Bay 12.8 0.4 mi. north of Mcinnis Rd.) Little Quilcene River RM 1.0 (@ Dabob Rd. Quilcene Bay 36.5 crossing) Leland Creek RM 2.0 Little Quilcene 22.8 (0 Hwy 101 crossing) River Ripley Creek RM 0.1 Little Quilcene (@ Lords Lake Rd. River Dry crossing) . Howe Creek RM 0.4 Little Quilcene (@ Lords Lake Rd. River 13.8 crossing) Spencer Creek RM 0.0 (0 Bee Rd. crossing, Jackson 11.4 west side of road - -no tidal Cove /Dabob Bay influence) Marpie Creek RM 0.0 Jackson D Dry ((@ Bee Rd. crossing) Cove /Dabob Bay Chinook Coho Chum Steelhead weelneaa 5atmon Spawning Spawning Spawning Spawning Rearing Rearing 49.7 24.6 49.7 44.9 10.1 9.1 63.9 32.1 63.9 56.8 13.5 12.1 12.5 5.8 12.5 12.4 2.1 1.8 51.7 25.7 51.7 46.6 10.6 9.5 49.7 24.6 49.7 44.9 10.1 9.1 40.4 19.8 40.4 37.0 8.0 7.1 32.1 15.5 32.1 29.8 6.1 5.5 117.7 61.2 117.7 100.6 27.1 24.7 65.7 33.1 65.7 58.3 13.9 12.5 1 35.2 17.1 35.2 32.6 6.8 6.1 1 27.8 13.3 27.8 26.1 5.2 4.6 IFIM = Instream Flow Incremental Methodology IFIM (iFG4 /HABTAT models) quantifies the relationship between fish habitat and flow. Fish habitat is defined in the computer model by water depth, velocity, substrate, and cover. IFIM can predict: water depths water velocities substrate cover. . IFIM will then compare the depths, velocities, substate, and cover preferred by a fish species with what is available in the river at a given flow. The end result is a table of the amount of fish habitat for each lifestage of each species in square feet per 1000 feet of stream. Evolution of IFIM in Washington 1955- WDF on Skokomish River 1972 -1979- USGS and WDF on 28 rivers 1974- USGS Toe -Width 1974 1977- Instream Flow Group -IFIM- predicts depths and velocities 1978- IFIM used qn Skokomish River pre- 1979 - Stream- Ranking used by Ecology to set instream flows 1979 -1982- Toe -Width and USGS data used to set instream flows 1980,- -1985- IFIM used to set instream flows optimum fish.habitat flow Peak habitat versus peak fish production fish passage food production incubation predation water quality )n System (PRABSIM) Soo CFS 2000 CFS ours S. 1 -GO view lookmO down on olacement of tranlects and messuremen �erticats useo 10 define the olstnbut,On of aouallC habitat in an IFIM Status of Ecology's Instream Flow Program Instream flows and stream closures were set in 18 of the states 62 watersheds from 1976 -1986. Minimum instream flows have been used to condition water rights on 250 streams. t CANADA VANCOUVEII }'''•r••i{� '}•�-: :v v "''••':;;:'•9,y,., h{t :7k/k.'{r:=: !fi N. 1SLAN0 • L\ V' { r fir..: rr��: , 4 :.'..:p'. h'e'r.$ •: 54 fk 1 16 20 16 ':`' �r }'rtex`r hr rsp 17 `c: . ��•}'.'{'",;. •; O {r•:;•: .: :�5.%f',:�r:..v'': }tom... 39 �' Al 24 :tip •v fr, �•y'b{'8._� },.•}.:{,^j♦ry■.:'= vr�r'• }�}•.y:' .{ } 2s ' b� { {:yliYi:rt'r:yr,•.: ~'�'} �=:+r• - "�:b:::•i }• ]6' .:: }.' �r•', .: :9 37 32 27 31 2e ; r ``' :s•:r STATE OF WASHINGTON OREGON #: WATER RESOURCE WVENTORY AREAS Areas with adopted inscreaw flows What guidance does the legislature give Ecology in the law in determining what level of protection to give fish and other instream resources? In the Water Resources Act of 1971 the legislature said, "Utilization and management of the waters of the state shall be guided by the following general declaration of fundamentals: The quality of the natural environment. shall be protected and, where possible, . enhanced as follows (a) Perennial rivers and streams of the state shall be retained with base flows necessary to provide for preservation of wildlife, fish, scenic, aesthetic and other environmental values and navigational values." The word "shall' is very powerful legally and means Ecology has no option. (� -� lC e e Pie / d'WCS%l Ted c.s/ Q vV S G,C re r/ ea Va,(r t e S s "C,(4 ctj CYO -r L7'Y(1' rd ���% ®�' t1m c„r� ,,� , C � r•�o -cf b e � � � � � c c e /rG�,� S f 1�e�u l,!9-(O WS Ga,* n 1 It's Ecology's policy that the Water Resources Act of 1971 requires Ecology to set adequate minimum instream flows that. protect and preserve the environmental values before out -of- stream diversions and maximum net benefits are considered. Some people saythat IFIM in not the correct way to calculate fish habitat or to use for setting. a minimum instream flow. But what people really mean is that they don't think Ecology should be protecting fish and giving fish priority over new water diversions. If they say IFIM is "bad" science what they mean is the only "good" science is political science. IFIM has been the nationally recognized state -of- the -art method for determining how fish habitat is related to flow for 20 years. However, because of the time and effort involved, 97 % of the minimum instream flows set by rule in Washington were done by Washington's Stream - Ranking Method and the' Toe -Width Method. Only IFIM and Toe -Width are still used today to set instream flows. Both methods are based on calculating the square feet of fish habitat (with correct water depths and velocities and bottom substrate) at different streamflows. In 1993, the Washington State Supreme Court found that the way I, Hal Beecher, and other fish biologists have been determining instream flows using the "optimum" flows from an Instream Flow Incremental Methodology study was the correct way to set a minimum instream flow. (The Elkhorn case or PUD NOA of Jefferson County and City of Tacoma v. Dept. of Ecology) Some people say "You're asking for more water than is there" if Ecology sets a minimum instream flow higher than the average flow. But Ecology doesn't ask for any water at all. We only decide at what flow level do we stop issuing new water rights from the stream. That is what a minimum instream flow is under state law. A minimum instream flow set by rule doesn't restore or require any increase in water in the stream. Under our state law, even if we set a high minimum instream flow, we are required to defend the right of a senior water right user to dry up a stream filled with salmon. Under Washington law, a minimum instream flow is not the hydrologic base flow. It is not the lowest flow of the year in the stream. If the stream is maintained at the hydrologic base flow, most of the fish will die over time. Reasons why Ecology may set a minimum instream flow higher than the existing average flow: 1) The existing average flow in late summer in many streams is half of what it was under natural conditions (before dams and diversions). 2) Setting a,minimum instream flow at -the existing average low summer flow means Ecology can now issue new water rights for half of the existing summer streamflow. This will cause the existing average flow to drop in half and half or more of the fish to die. 3) If chinook need a one -foot depth to adequately survive, setting a minimum instream .flow at a flow that provides only a 6 -inch depth will not protect and preserve them, it will kill them. 0 .A � g uo o g 00 0 0 0 0 o � y ra r+. T d k� ao Flow (efs) log scale � S fIII �� oo� � S +J l +/ rA to eo a' "s I -n -n 3� aj w rj)v �to n ( 5-6 to CO) . C w 2 to A A (O � �+ d m 0 SAD CO� n O - O O to "� � 3 C'o . W •.r O -L co OD t0 0 Z O v CD n L or CD C7 3 � � O fi x d L C L C s c -ui m s K n w w w { P 0. Streamf low (CFS) a o s o 0 C N :P C D U) -n 2. 0 0 w a O m O O O 3 O ID Q. C El tEn000 0 rn n 0 0iNNN 00cn,C0 n J i i i i i i i i i i J i i i i i W W M V V 0 M 0 a) CA p W WW N N N MN p-ppp► i i 0 000D W NOWD CnOP N VOmNAA P C�71 N� O NOS coCn0to A (O0 W0WQ V0 V co CD En CA cc W 00 -4:g -4 Cif W 0W1 WmOmCWn O A� ODVC�n W �App.p VNODA pjV -►OCnW W W Cn a0 CO V -4 W . Cl iCl010 C7D d1QfOC -4 -4 di C7D CO i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i � C10 V V V CA pp�� CnCOCO iC�Jt v CO OD CjONpN_NNN N NNiO "ON0 pOcolCO co 406 WSV VmO W NMO COClD- 4W0CD+'"'ClD i 0SW8C'n t-n mWCA C" 8 V NOO -ACA OD V OOV C10CnMW CA O-� V NCAV ou �Q• A C (D _N C 1 N N .-r G (D IO 3 N CL C Cr D fD N "i1 O O O O WUA (sq. ft. of habitat per 1,000 R of stream) -► N O O O CD O O O O O O O O co O O pA O O cn O O O O 0 ` 7 N G C Q O ,n O N CL o o' c v a e3 r. r. .. p a„� � m V cl) cn o > > co m G2 tEn000 0 rn n 0 0iNNN 00cn,C0 n J i i i i i i i i i i J i i i i i W W M V V 0 M 0 a) CA p W WW N N N MN p-ppp► i i 0 000D W NOWD CnOP N VOmNAA P C�71 N� O NOS coCn0to A (O0 W0WQ V0 V co CD En CA cc W 00 -4:g -4 Cif W 0W1 WmOmCWn O A� ODVC�n W �App.p VNODA pjV -►OCnW W W Cn a0 CO V -4 W . Cl iCl010 C7D d1QfOC -4 -4 di C7D CO i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i � C10 V V V CA pp�� CnCOCO iC�Jt v CO OD CjONpN_NNN N NNiO "ON0 pOcolCO co 406 WSV VmO W NMO COClD- 4W0CD+'"'ClD i 0SW8C'n t-n mWCA C" 8 V NOO -ACA OD V OOV C10CnMW CA O-� V NCAV ou �Q• A C (D _N C 1 N N .-r G (D IO 3 N CL C Cr D fD N "i1 a C N CCn C D O m S N L1 �1 CL m m (b N M N C2 n S FP.! N A CT CA V CD i i i i i i �i N W W W ,p A C7.) �p -NNW ACRCA,,,,AinNOCD ON aO CTO.00OOOS�....- ,.��' -,��r� �c�o�OOO OO�OO i W V OpDj O i i N N N N WA W W W N i O W tO m CO3 0 N V q/t71�710 W ODoNAOf 0) IM �wA NNW�DA Ci,,�pNpN,ppNNW WWWWWWWW�W�ppW W WW�WCQpWWpApAA�W�ppWWW AO�Of CVN -4Cn"Co VOmC�/1O NACO CO 8C4afW7�WCO7� ODOWCO7�AA ICON Ow-lwC7DWO W-10 Nw�tW GDWWW WWW WCWW W NNNNWWWW W WW CD A V V V VCACn NN W W� W N 0 V OW V ODN W WOdV NW-400A M N -O Co O W 14 I�I �]J 3 tD C• M cr S (D tf] N Q C D (D G U) WUA (sq. ft. of habitat per 1,000 R of stream) O O C3 O o O pp O O O Q Q Q O Q Q O Q Q O ci O Q 0°O O Q O Q i Q e Q m a: o co m C° j ` CL p f t e3 X23 =n m CL cr ff CD N A CT CA V CD i i i i i i �i N W W W ,p A C7.) �p -NNW ACRCA,,,,AinNOCD ON aO CTO.00OOOS�....- ,.��' -,��r� �c�o�OOO OO�OO i W V OpDj O i i N N N N WA W W W N i O W tO m CO3 0 N V q/t71�710 W ODoNAOf 0) IM �wA NNW�DA Ci,,�pNpN,ppNNW WWWWWWWW�W�ppW W WW�WCQpWWpApAA�W�ppWWW AO�Of CVN -4Cn"Co VOmC�/1O NACO CO 8C4afW7�WCO7� ODOWCO7�AA ICON Ow-lwC7DWO W-10 Nw�tW GDWWW WWW WCWW W NNNNWWWW W WW CD A V V V VCACn NN W W� W N 0 V OW V ODN W WOdV NW-400A M N -O Co O W 14 I�I �]J 3 tD C• M cr S (D tf] N Q C D (D G U) 'r1 tQ t= w D w SI 1r • CD _u C- O D flt N C N t'D Total Area (sq. ft per 1,000 linear ft) W W A P En CA O CA V V O Op O O O O O O O O O � 0 O 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 CV71 O O O O O O O O O O O Q 0 W A 1*. A. A.b.8 mUf(� UtCAC)Cf CA CACf CA CA 0a CD CAC, V V V V V W ON?CACIDO�W A ODCCO�NNW En -4 co OD COCC00 -2-`N W -4cn0) W �_0- 40cnUICDOD V V WGDCAOf�A�m0w -4H paCIDW CD OONVj- ��CG�CWDOCflNOODGWD00D�NCNA�WV V WCV7f AN V AN '� O C O � CD C C cr 7 .. 0 Q c� G N c C) m O O � a 0 CD 0 0 V O 1r • CD _u C- O D flt N C N t'D rr O K) .06 CACS -4pp co ��a�a.�pp.a�NNNW W WA i1 0 0 CA CA UL CA O O O O o 0 0 0 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 � � 0 O 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 CV71 0 Q 0 W A 1*. A. A.b.8 mUf(� UtCAC)Cf CA CACf CA CA 0a CD CAC, V V V V V W ON?CACIDO�W A ODCCO�NNW En -4 co OD COCC00 -2-`N W -4cn0) W �_0- 40cnUICDOD V V WGDCAOf�A�m0w -4H paCIDW CD OONVj- ��CG�CWDOCflNOODGWD00D�NCNA�WV V WCV7f AN V AN '� � C c� G N Table 1. Percent of optimum WUA vs Flow. Big Quilcene River Weighted Usable Area (in percent of optimum) vs. Flow (in cfs) Flow in cis C nook Spawning Habi tat (percent of ' un Cwnook Juvenile Habitat (percent of un Chun Spawning habitat (percent of o 'mun rSfpawrdrnig Steelhead SPawrdn9 Habitat (percent of un Steelfwad le Habitat (percent of 'mum 575 42% 92% 45% 42% 50% 98% 540 43% 93% 48% 43% 52% 97% 500 44% 91% 52% 44% 56% 97% 460 46% 890/0 55% 46% 59% 99% 440 48% 880/0 57% 47% 61% 99% 420 50% 87% 60% 47% 63% 100% 400 52% 86% 63% 48% 67% 100% 380 55% 850/6 66% 50% 71% 100% 360 57% 82% 70% 52% 76% 99% 320 64% 82% 77% 57% 82% 98% 280 71% 80% 85% 64% 92% 99% 240 80% 76% 92% 69% '96% 99% 200 89% 76% 98% 76% 100% 9996 190 91% 77% 99% 78% 100% "99% 180 93% 79% 100% 81% 100% 98% 170 95% 80% 100% 84% 100% 98% 160 96% 81% 99% 87% 98% 98% 150 97% 83% 98% 90% 96% 97% 140 98% 84% 98% 92% 95% 96% 130 99% 86% 97% 9296 94% 94% 120 100% 86% 96% 93% 91% 92% 110 99% 88% 95% 95% 88% 89% 100 97% 94% 95% 99% 84%. 8696 90 95% 97% 940/6 100% 81% 82% 80 92% 98% 92% 97% 76% 79% 70 87% 99% 90% 95% 70% 74% 60 81% 100% 86% 92% 63% 68% 50 74% 98% 80% 89% 56% 61% 40 63% 92% 72% 82% 47% 51% 25 36% 78% 52% 63% 29% 33% 16