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HomeMy WebLinkAbout990100001 Geotech Assessment.` ~~ ~ ~~; ~ . 60 ~ =# Coild3~ one ~, ~-~ ~ ~ .$ or: a ~tri i~f.~ ~ `~~lic~ition t ~ • .. In grantf ng a~ ~COV~l t ~~ _ ~ ,,x g 4_s01 G~ ~ :.the ~-d~atinitr ~ ~-r ma 4 sub jCt tC1~' ~ , rovisions ~f `'th~ ~ ' ~ict~n ~ a ~ , Y re ire ~itigat~~g con~itioins ~ thn~ `will, in the` `l~d~i~~'~f~tr 5 ~ 6 judgment, substantially secure the objectives of th~~ ~ ~~ii~tion.~ ~ All conditions of approval required 8 ~ . 6Q~ a is for ~ Cori i t~ ns ~~~ 9 pursuant to this section shall be based upon either the substantive to requirements o! this se~tidn or the recommendations of a qualified 11 professional, `contained'~within~a`~special report required under this 12 section. 13 s 48 7 ~ r~ VO.. '" ~C 1 2 Butter perimeters shall be marked with te ar 0ng y n 2 . ~ leet io dred u interval of one per parcel or every one h ~ ~ -~ ns shall remain in Si l i v o p C 3 g ess. s er whiche shall ns Si The during approved construction act3,vities. g 4. contain the following statement: "Landsl " d z g e ation. Ve Native Butter - Do Not Remove or Alter Existing g g 7 A notice to title shall be recorded with the Auditor in a g 3, tom approved by the Prosecuting Attorney. 9 10 11 4. fat and bindin site fan In the case of short plat~ lonnCount Subdivision Ordiaaaae, tt Y 12 s e approvals under the Je ude on as amended, the applic 4-0526-92 i al 13 , No. the of oundar the face of any such insarumsn b y 14 15 buf f er landslide hazard area an 16 ' Rectuirements: The following landslide - Standard 17 18 . ~~ 506 uffers hazard area buffer provisions shall apply. 19 20 ' 1. Buffer areas shall be required to provide sufficient the landslide hazard area and the 1 2 separation between 22 adjacent proposed project. 23 24 2. The appropriate width of the landslideationrofathe standard lic a ith 2g pp er. shall be determined by e buffer width set forth below; or, an individual or firm 26 meeting the criteria of subsection 11.702, below. 27 2 8 29 30 3. Buffers shall remain naturally vegetated. Where buffer urred during construction, replanting 31 disturbance has occ with native vegetation shall be required. 32 33 34 4. Buffers shall be retained in their natural condition, of vegetation to enhance views may bE in 35 ~ g. however, minor prun ermitted by the Administrator on a case by case basis. 36 p 37 All buffers shall be measured perpendicularly from the op, 38 5. toe or edge of the landslide hazard area boundary. 39 40 41 6. A standard buffer of thirty (30) feet shall bhazardbareas. f landslide 42 from the top, toe and all edges o 43 44 9.507 R The Administrator may reduce the ec~i~cina Buffer Widths: tion width specified in b 45 standard landslide hazard area buffer the to the project applicant demonstrates, h 46 47 en 9.506.6, above, w satisfaction of the Administrator, that the reduced sliderhazard area l h 48 adequately protect the proposed project width reduced to less than be shall the buffer 49 Under no circumstances 50 ten (10) feet. 51 52 46 ~/U-. ~ ~' h _ r* 1 Z ri ering application i'or a project on a parcel 3 o R01 GenerAl: ~ A t gg ro arty containing a designated geological~orthZbelows area or 4 roal p p e re irements set 5 its buffer shall adhere to th ~ 6 • 7 ' 8 - ering application shall also 9 1. An applicant submitting a trigg submit, and have approved, a drainage and erosancecowhenlthe 10 plan, as specified in section 11 ofheriof~thenfollowing: eit li triggering application involves 12 13 The alteration a geologically hazardous area or its 14 a -~ 15 buffer, or .:., . The creatior~~:~ot~~a ~ new parcel wit~iin a known geological y 16 b , 17 ha z ardour: ~~ az~ea . ~ . . 18 - - iosion control plans required under this ~ ~~ Drainage and er evaluate and recommend-methods to Zp 2. section shall discuss, of ad acent properties during and 21 minimize sedimentation ~ 22 after construction. 23 face drainage shall not be directed across drainace must 24 3. Ste. landslide hazard or ravine. If g 2 5 marine bluff , . discharged from a bluff to adjacent waters.ctedstolthee 26 be collected above the face of the bluff and dire 27 ti ht line drain and provided with an energy water by• g line. 28 device at the shore 29 dissipating 30 dition to any erosion control methods specified in the 31 4. In ad trol lan, the Administrator may 32 drainage and erosion con osed or disturbed areas. require hydroseeding of exp 33 34 d Gradin 35 9.503 Clearing an 36 rovisions regarding clearing shall apply= 37 1. The following p 38 solo ically hazardous areas shall be ~ 39 a. Clearing within g g unless the allowed only fr m April 1 to-November 1, 40 licant demo.~trates that=suc~ activitiesonwreluirements 41 ~ app ntrar to the protects q esult in impa~ts...~o; .. Y 4 2 r . ~ ~-....~ 43 herein. ~ .~~~~-~ 44 ,,that clearing necessary to install temporary 4 5 b . Only sedimentation and erosion control measitiesshal occu 46 ~ prior to clearing for roadways or uti ~ 4 48 rin limits for roads, septic, water and stormwater 49 c. Clea g erosion control facilities shal 50 utilities, and temporary roved by the Department 51 be marked in the field and app 'or to any alteration of existing native vegetation; 52 pri ,. 44 t =l 1 Z 3 a 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 -27 28 29 30 31 32 33 3.4 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 a. ~raas of historic failures or potentially unstable slopes, such as: . (i) (fi) (iii) ~. ,i ~~ areas described and mapped as having severs ar very severe building limitations !or dwellings without basements within the United States Department of Agriculture/Soil Conservation Service ~-{ ~ at~rv~v for Jefferson County; areas described and mappedstablecmaterialsdwithin landslides or slopes of un the Washington State Department of Ecology done Atlas of Jef erson County; and areas described and mapped as areas of poor natural stability, former landslides and recent landslides by the Washington State Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geology and Earth Resources; b. Areas potentially unstable.as a result of rapid streaia incision, stream bank erosion, or undercutting by wave • action, and c. Areas with any indications of earth movement, such as: (i) rockslides; (ii) earthflows; ~ ~ ( iii) mudf lows; and (iv) landslides. ._. 3, Seismic hazard areas: Areas subject to severe risk of damag as a result of earthquake induced ground shaking, slope failure, settlement, soil liquefaction, or surfaoorlaulting. These areas are identified by the presence of. p y drained soils with greater than fifty percent (50$) silt and very little coarse material; loose sand or gravel, peat, artificial fill and landslide materials; or soil units with high organic content. j ces sed fo Identification: Sources used to identify geologically hazardous areas include, but are not limited to: 1, United States Department of Agriculture/Soil Conservation Service, Soil Su vey for Jefferson Count. ' tal Zone t as. Washington State Department of Ecology, Coas 2. Washington State Department of Natural Resources, ~1~ 3• aste n Jef erson Co t t t and Geo o c a s• c 4. Washington State Department of Natural Resources, Ge ~;;~~t-tnat ion System : So i 1 Surve 42 o~ 55 ~ a~ ~~~y v ,~ ,~- of } `~ ATTACHMENT 1-C •. ,... ~ .~ ~ t~LVVr.vtr.U ~~~ ~~ 'COL l~AGE " OF OFrIC{ L RECORDS ~ ~ f~_OJEST 4F ~ ,~ JE~FEA~ (, , ' 393`7 ~ _ r . ~ 4,, - ~ - ~ .. -- .. ~~ oo~~a t~S..El:oRioGE - _ ~- JEFFERSON CC!,lht7Y AUOiTOR - • "; _ - 3 Y PUTY - ~~ ~, - - ' ~ - . ~ " _ Report _ _ t _ - ~ -~ .. ~ . Geotechnica~Engineering Services _ Subsurface Investigation Proposed Port Ludlow Division 7 - Part Ludlow, Washington _ _ ~ - . - April 5, 1995 ~ - - ~ APR 4 7 1995 - - - .. _ " ~ ~' , - ~' ~ .~` . . - - r For ~. J .. _ ~ ~,~ 1 ~ ~ _ . . • ~ ~ Pope Resources ~, .~ (3eo n sneers ' AUG 0 9 1~9~` i ~~~~~~~ ;D FEB .1 3 2001 JEFFERSON COUNTY DEPT. OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT J ~~~ ~~.~~~`3 von ' File No. 2378-032-'P03/040593 Geo~Fngineers Pope Resources P.O. Box 1780 Poulsbo, Washington 98370 Attention: Ms. Linda Mueller April 5, 1995 D ~= ~ ~ ~ 200 JEFFERSON COUNT`( DEPT. OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT We are pleased to submit four copies of our "Report, Geotechnical Engineering Services, Subsurface Investigation, Proposed Port Ludlow Division 7, Port Ludlow, Washington for Pope Resources." We appreciate the opportunity to be of service to Pope Resources. Please contact us if you have questions regarding this project or if we can provide additional services. Yours very truly, st.F:cwx:~o Document ID: 2378032R.R File No/. 2378-032-'P03 cc: `Pope Resources 781 Walker Way Port Ludlow, Washington 98365 Attn: Mr. Ray Welch GeoEngineers, lnc. 6240 Tacoma Mall Bled. Suite 318 Tacoma, WA 99409 Telephone (206) 4,1~a3'9 Fax (206) 4710521 GeoEngineers, Inc. t !~ /Gt}, ~..~. Gary W. Henderson Principal AUDITOR'S NOTE: ~-~ ~ i~ von J~'l "h.r4 Geotechnical, Geoenvlronmental annd lo~lc Servi~xa hhae an rarcwe p~o« CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ................................~...............,.. 1 SCOPE OF SERVICES .............................................. 1 SITE CONDITIONS ................................................ 1 SURFACE CONDITIONS 1 SUBSURFACE EXPLORATIONS 2 SITE GEOLOGY 2 SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS 2 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .............................. . GENERAL LANDSLIDE HAZARD ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~' SETBACKS D EROSION HAZARD EROSION CONTROL i= ~ ~ ~ ~~~~ SEISMIC VULNERABILITY EARTHWORK JEFFERSON COUNTY General DEPT. OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT ~ Clearing and Site Preparation Subgrade Preparation Structural Fill Suitability of On-Site Materials for Fill Fill Placement on Slopes Fili Scopes Fill Drainage Cut Slopes Temporary Cut Slopes Utility Trenches FOUNDATION SUPPORT General Foundation Design lateral Load Resistance Foundation Settlement FLOOR SLAB SUPPORT RETAINING and SUBGRADE WALLS Design Parameters Backdrainage Construction Considerations Rockeries DRAINAGE PAVEMENT DESIGN AND SUBGRADE PREPARATION 3 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 ~6 6 7 7 8 8 8 9 9 9 10 10 10 11 11 11 12 12 12 13 13 13 14 LIMITATIONS ................................................... 14 VOi. ~~r,~~ "N..e JJe~ G e o E n g i nee r s ~ File No. 2378-032-703/040595 FIQURE8 Vicinity Map/Site Pian Foundation Detail Soil Classification System Test Pit Logs APPENDICES CONTENTS ~continusdl 1 ~ 2 3 4... 6 Pane No, Appendix A -Jefferson County Critical Areas Ordinance A-1 U ~ ~~ ~ ~ 2001 JEFFERSON COUNTY DEPT. OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT , v~~ J ~~~ ~h~~~~~ G e o E n 8 i n e e r s l~ File No. 2378-032-'Ib3/040S9S REPORT GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING SERVIC SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATION PROPOSED PORT LUDLOW DIVISION PORT LUDLOW, WASHINGTON INTRODUCTION ~~~ ~ ~ 200 DEPT. OFJCOMMUDN TY DEVE OPMENT This report presents the results of our geotechnical engineering services for the proposed Port Ludlow Division 7 residential subdivision to be developed in Port Ludlow, Washington. The site is located between Rainier Lane and Oak Bay Road, primarily in the northeastern corner of Section 17, Township 28 North, Range 1 East, Willamette Meridian, as shown on the Vicinity Map and Site Plan, Figure 1. We understand that the proposed development will include 22 single-family residences located as shown on the Site Plan, Figure 1. SCOPE OF SERVICES The purpose of our services was to explore subsurface soil and ground water conditions at the site as a basis for providing geotechnical recommendations and design criteria for t11e proposed development. Our specific scope of services included the following: 1. Excavate a series of backhoe test pits at the site to explore subsurface soil and ground water conditions. 2. Evaluate pertinent physical and engineering characteristics of the soils at the site. 3. Provide recommendations for site preparation and earthwork including stripping requirements, hillside grading, evaluation of on-site soils for use as fill and import fill, and compaction criteria. 4. Provide recommendations for building setbacks in steep slope areas in accordance with Jefferson County Critical Areas Ordinance No. OS-0509-94. 5. Provide recommendations for foundation and slab support of the proposed structures including allowable bearing values and estimates of settlement. 6. Provide recommendations for site drainage, as appropriate. 7. Provide recommendations for pavement design including subgrade preparation. 8. Prepare a report containing our findings along with our conclusions and recommendations. SITE CONDITIONS SURFACE CONDITIONS The proposed subdivision will be located in an upland area south of Port Ludlow Division 1 Area 5 and east of Port Ludlow Division 1 Area 3, as shown on the Site Plan. The majority of the lots front onto Rainier Lane. The site slopes down from the upland area north of Port G e o E n g i nee r s V~~ ~~~• j ~h~~ ~~,t Fite No, 2378-032-703/040595 Ludlow Bay. Site slopes range up to about 60 percent .with locally steeper areas. Elevations range from about 70 to 280 feet above mean sea level (MSL). The majority of this site is vegetated with mature second growth Douglas fir and cedar trees with a dense understory of brush. Areas which have been cleared more recently are vegetated with alder trees, brush, and grass. Soils exposed in a borrow pit located in the southeast corner of the site consist of very dense gray fine to medium sand and gravel with a trace of silt. This material is advance outwash. The face of the borrow pit is on the order of 15 feet in height. No groundwater seepage or springs were observed at the time of our site visit. A small creek flows in the valley along the western side of the site, and a seasonally intermittent flow occurs in the drainage course located in the eastern portion of the site. SUBSURFACE EXPLORATIONS Subsurface conditions at the site were explored on February 23, 1995 by excavating 6 test pits at the approximate locations shown on the Site Plan. The test pits were excavated to depths ranging from 7 to 10 feet below the ground surface using a John Deere 310C rubber-tired backhoe. The locations of the test pits were established in the field by taping or pacing from existing features, and should be considered approximate. A representative from our firm continuously monitored the excavations and kept a detailed log of the conditions encountered. Soils were visually classified in general acco e l~3it~~t~ described on Figure 3. The logs of our explorations are attached as Fi through 6. ~- E 8 ~ ~ X001 SITE GEOLOGY ( 1 Our interpretation of the site geology is based on our review of p bDEP OF COMMU~~ D~EVE OPMENT our library, our site reconnaissance including the borrow pit excavation site, and subsurface explorations on this site and adjacent sites. In general, the site soils consist of a surficial mantel of recessional outwash deposits underlain by glacial till. Recessional outwash deposits consist of sand and gravel deposited by meltwater streams during the periods of glacial retreat, these soils have not been glacially consolidated. Glacial till consists of a mixture of clay to boulder-sized soil particles which was deposited by the ice and consolidated to a very dense condition. The glacial till is underlain by Vashon advance outwash deposits. Advance outwash deposits consist of sands and gravels deposited by melt water streams in front of advancing glaciers. These soils were also consolidated by the overlying ice. SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS Based on our subsurface explorations the site is overlain by 5 to 7 inches of forest duff underlain by recessional outwash sand and gravel in a medium dense to dense condition extending to a depth of 3 to 5 feet. The recessional outwash deposits are underlain by glacial till in a very dense condition extending beyond the depths explored 7 to 10 feet. G e o E n i n e e r s $~7i ~C~, ~`^~~ ~'~~~ File No. 2378-032-703/040595 S Advance outwash deposits were observed along the road cut for Oak Bay Road and in the abandoned .borrow pit located in the southeastern corner of the site. Ground water levels are expected to vary seasonally. Perched groundwater was observed at the contact between the recessional outwash and the underlying glacial till. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS GENERAL Based on our observations of surface and subsurface conditions, it is our opinion that the site is generally suitable for the proposed development. Specific grading plans for the site have not yet been developed, however, we have addressed general geotechnical considerations for the project as follows: • Slopes at the site appear to be stable under existing conditions. General setback recommendations have been developed. • Some of the on-site soils are moisture sensitive and it is our opinion that earthwork and grading will be more economical if performed during dry weather conditions. • Grading may include fill placement on slopes. All fill should be properly keyed into the slopes and drained, as appropriate. • Shallow foundations founded on dense native materials or properly compacted structural fill may be used for support of structures. • We anticipate that structures with one or two daylight floors may prove economical on some of the lots in this development. • Where mixed subgrade materials occur at footing or floor grades, overexcavation and replacement with structural fill may be required or alternative footing designs should be considered. • Ground water may be seasonally perched immediately above the glacial till. Site development should include drainage facilities as appropriate to intercept ground water seepage. LANDSLIDE HAZARD A copy of the Geologically Hazardous Areas Section of the Jefferson County Critical Areas Ordinance is attached as Appendix A. Jefferson County defines landslide hazard areas as: • Areas of historic failures, including areas of unstable slopes and old and recent landslides. • Areas potentially unstable as a result of rapid stream incision, stream bank erosion, or undercutting by wave action. • Areas described and mapped as having severe or very severe buildin limitations for dwellings without basements within the United States Dep r~ o~~ic~lt~/~il Conservation Service Soil Survey for Jefferson County. - ~ ~~ ~ E B ~ 3 2~~1 ~~.il. 'J 1J~1 ~h..c VI~; JEFFERSt7N COUNTY DEPT. OF COMMUNITY DEVEL(?PMENT G e o E n g i n e e r s 3 r No evidence of landsliding or slope instability was observed on the site. However, we believe that surficial soils on the steeper slopes will be vulnerable to creep and/or sloughing if they are disturbed during construction, or if development increases or concentrates surface drainage or ground water seepage. Fills on or near slopes should be placed on properly proofrolled and compacted subgrade material, and should be keyed and drained as recommended below. Graded areas and fill slopes should be revegetated to reduce erosion potential. We recommend that a surface water drainage system be developed for the. subdivision to collect drainage from impermeable surfaces and yard areas, and directed it away from slope azeas. Recommendations for fill construction, drainage and erosion protection are presented in greater detail in following sections of this report. The site is located in an area mapped by the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) as having limitations to construction. of dwellings with basements which range from moderate to severe depending on the slope. Site soils are included in the Alderwood series in the Soil Survey of Jefferson County. The soil survey describes the limitations to dwellings without basements as moderate for slopes ranging from 0 to 15 percent and as severe for slopes greater than 15 percent. Neither rapid stream incision nor stream bank erosion was observed in the creek along the western side of the site or in the seasonally intermittent drainages which flow across portions of the site at the time of our site visit. The Coastal Zone Atlas of Washington published by the Department of Ecology describes the slopes on the site as unstable. No recent or ancient landslides are identified on the site by the Coastal Zone Atlas. Portions of the site meet the Jefferson County criteria for landslide hazard areas due to the SCS classification and the Coastal Zone Atlas description of the site. However, based on our site explorations and experience on similar sites it is our opinion that landslide hazards are not a limiting factor for this development provided that our recommendat site development are followed. D SETBACKS ~ ~ ~ ~ `~ 2~0~ In our opinion, a minimum horizontal setback of 8 feet s ould aintained bNNe~~tyyw,,~~e foundations and the face of slopes between 15 and 30 percent and r~epr ~~~~~E~i'~ta~ENT height on this portion of the site. For slopes between 30 and 50 percent we recommend e-- foundation setback be increased to 12 feet, and 20 feet for slopes steeper than 50 percent. For clarity, an illustration of the recommended setback has been included as Figure 2. EROSION HAZARD Jefferson County defines erosion hazard areas as those areas that are classified as having severe or very severe erosion potential by the SCS. The site is located in an area mapped by the SCS as having erosion hazards which range from slight to severe depending on slope. Site sails `. ~. ,., G e o E n g i n e e r s i~L •~'~ ( ~h..~ ~~~V File No. 2378-03Z-T03/040S9S are included in the Alderwood series in the Soil Survey of Jefferson County. The soil survey • describes the erosion hazard as slight to moderate for slopes ranging from 0 to 15 percent, as moderate to severe for slopes of 1 S to 30 percent, and as severe for slopes ranging from 30 to 50 percent. EROSION CONTROL It is our opinion that the potential erosion hazard of the site is not a limiting factor for the proposed development. The proposed development will be located primarily in the more gently sloping portions of the site. Temporary and permanent erosion control measures should be installed and maintained during construction or as soon as practical thereafter to limit the additional influx of water to exposed areas and protect potential receiving waters. Erosion control measures should include but not be limited to berms and swales with check dams to channel surface water runoff, ground cover/protection in exposed areas and silt fences. Removal of natural vegetation should be minimized and limited to the active construction areas, and reestablishment of vegetation should be undertaken as soon as possible. Graded areas should be shaped to avoid directing runoff onto cut or fill slopes, natural slopes or other erosion-sensitive areas. Temporary ground cover/protection such as jute matting, excelsior matting, wood chips or clear plastic sheeting should be used until permanent erosion protection is established. We recommend that graded or disturbed slopes be tracked in-place with the equipment running perpendicular to the slope contours so that the track grouser marks provide a texture to help resist erosion. Thereafter, all disturbed areas should be revegetated. We recommend that no loose fill be placed on the slopes and that no water be directed toward or discharged on the slope areas. Tightlines should be used to direct storm or other surface water across slope areas. Long-term erosion control will require that the vegetative cover on the slopes be _ maintained. Any bare ground areas should be vegetated, as necessary. Erosion resistant plant species include: • Woody shrubs such as: Oregon grape, service berry, and salal. ~ ~ ~ Q ~ LS • Grass mixtures including: rye, fescue, bent, and clover. • Other deep-rooted site-tolerant vegetation. ~ ~ ~ ~ 3 2007 SEISMIC VULNERABILITY JEFFERSON COUNTY DEPT. OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT In our opinion, the site does not contain seismic hazards areas as defined by Je erson County criteria. The Puget Sound region is a seismically active area; all sites within this region can be expected to experience some damage in the event of a significant seismic event. Certain factors can result in increased probability or degree of damage at a particular site. We did not encounter conditions which in our opinion place this site at risk of unusual damage in the event C C''~~ ~~~.~ G e o E n g i n e e r s $ File No. 2378-032-T0310.iQ59S of a significant seismic event. Specifically, potentially liquefiable soils Loose sands and sil sands below the water table, were not encountered on the site. • ~ ~ ~ Q EARTHWORK ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~ General We expect that the majority of the grading can be accomplish with ~@~~~~py earthmoving equipment. DEPT. OF COMMUNITY pEVELOPMENT Surficial soils at the site generally contain high amounts of silt, and are therefore sensitive to disturbance when they become excessively wet. Operation of heavy equipment at the site under wet conditions can be expected to result in considerable disturbance to the exposed subgrade soils. During wet weather construction, it will probably be necessary to provide temporary haul roads consisting of quarry spans, crushed rock or pit run sand and gravel. We recommend that earthwork be undertaken during periods of dry weather, if feasible,. to minimize grading costs. Clearing and Site Preparation The work area should be cleared of all surface and subsurface debris including underbrush, tree stumps, roots and organic-laden soils. Portions of the project area have previously been cleared. Our observations indicate that the upper 1/2 to 1 foot of soil contains a significant amount of organic material, and should be removed from building pads and areas to be paved. In areas of dense vegetation greater depths of stripping may be required. If the clearing operations cause excessive disturbance, additional stripping depths may be necessary. Disturbance to a greater depth can also be expected if site preparation work is done during periods of wet weather. The organic laden strippings can be stockpiled and used later for landscaping purposes or be spread over disturbed areas following completion of grading. If spread out, the organic strippings should be in a layer less that I foot thick, and should not be placed on slopes. Materials which cannot be used for landscaping or protection of disturbed areas should be removed from the project site and wasted. subgrade Preparation Following stripping, the exposed subgrade should be evaluated prior to placing structural fill, pavement materials, or constructing foundations. During dry weather, subgrade evaluation should consist of proofrolling with heavy rubber-tired construction equipment. During wet weather, subgrade evaluation should be accomplished by hand probing. Any soft areas noted during proofrolling or probing should be overexcavated and replaced with structural fill as outlined below. We recommend that a GeoEngineers representative be present during proofrolling and/or probing to evaluate exposed subgrade soils. G e o E n g i n e e r s f) File No. 2378-032-?'03/040395 Prior to placement of structural fill, the exposed subgrade should be uniformly compacted to at least 90 percent of maximum dry density (MDD) determined in accordance with ASTM D-1557. Where foundations, slabs or pavement are to be founded directly on native material, we recommend that the subgrade soil be compacted to at least 95 percent of MDD. Surficial materials over portions of the site contain enough fines (material passing the No. 200 sieve) that compaction of subgrade will be difficult, if not impossible, to achieve during periods of wet weather. If grading takes place during the wet winter months, it may be necessary to overexcavate and replace native materials with compacted structural fill containing less than 5 percent fines beneath building and pavement areas. Where underlying subgrades are excessively wet, it may be necessary to stabilize the subgrade with a layer of quarry spans, clean gravel, or by placing a layer of geotextile fabric (such as Mirafi 500x} structural fill. Q Structural Filt ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~ All fill in embanlanents and beneath structures oz pavements sh uld b laced as structural fill . Structural fill material should be free of debris, organic con t3~ U M M `j~~~~E~. LSO PM ENT larger than 6 inches. The workability of material for use as structural i wi epen gradation and moisture content of the soil. As the amount of fines (material passing the No. 200 sieve) increases, soil becomes increasingly more sensitive to small changes in moisture content and adequate compaction becomes more difficult or impossible to achieve. If fill material is imported to the site for wet weather construction, we recommend that it be a sand and gravel mixture, such as high quality pit run, with less than 5 percent fines. All structural fill should be compacted in horizontal lifts to at least 90 percent of the MDD per ASTM D-1557. The uppermost 24 inches of subgrade soils below structures, slabs-on-grade and pavements should be compacted to at least 95 percent of the MDD. We recommend that the fill prism supporting footings, defined by a plane extending down from the edges of the footing at 1 to 1 (horizontal to vertical) to native ground, be compacted to at least 95 percent of MDD. The lift size used during placement and compaction will depend on the moisture and gradation characteristics of the soil and the type of equipment being used. If necessary, the material should be moisture conditioned to near-optimum moisture content prior to compaction. During fill and backfill placement, sufficient testing of in-place density should be performed to verify that adequate compaction is being achieved. Suitability of On-Site Materials for Fill During dry weather construction, any nonorganic on-site soil and rock may be considered for use as structural fill provided it is at a suitable moisture content when placed and can be compacted as recommended. If the material is too wet when excavated, it will require aeration and drying prior to placement as structural fill. In general the recessional outwash sand and gravel will be suitable for use as fill during wet weather, while the underlying glacial till will not. ,.., ~~ rll ~.ll 1 1..~ tiI J L ' J V 1 ~h+.. C V ~.~ G e o E n g i n e e r s 7 Filc No. 2378-032-703/040595 p ---- Fill Placement on Slopes All fill placed on slopes steeper than 5 to 1 (horizontal to verti ) sh the slope face and include keyways and subdrains. Bench excavations PMENT into the slope face until a vertical step of about 3 feet is constructed. The excavated materials may be pushed out and compacted into the structural fill as it is brought up if adequate compaction can be achieved. Keyways should be located below fill embankment toe areas where new fills meet existing hillside slopes. Additional keyways may be necessary depending on the extent of the proposed fill and the quality of the soil underlying the embankment. Keyways should be embedded at least 2 feet into stable material in the toe area. The width of the keyway will depend on several factors, such as the vertical height of the fill above the keyway and the size of the equipment used to construct the keyway. In general, keyways should be at least 10 feet wide or about 1 ~fi times the width of the equipment used for grading or compaction. Fill Slopes Permanent fill slopes should be constructed at inclinations of 2 to 1 (horizontal to vertical) or flatter, and should be blended into existing slopes with smooth transitions. To reduce postconstruction sloughing and ravelling, we recommend that fill slopes be overbuilt where possible and subsequently cut back to expose well compacted fill. Retaining structures should be used where cut and fill slopes 2 to 1 or flatter cannot be achieved. To minimize erosion, newly constructed slopes should be hydroseeded as soon as practical. Until the vegetation is established, some sloughing and ravelling of the slopes should be expected. Erosion control measures such as temporary covering with clear plastic sheeting, revegetation fabric or jute matting should be used to protect these slopes until vegetation is established. We also recommend that graded areas above slopes be shaped to direct surface water away from the slope face. Fill Drainage Subdrains should be installed at the rear of each keyway and at other locations beneath fill embanlanents where ground water seepage is encountered during grading. The subdrains can be installed concurrently with fill placement, or in trenches excavated after filling, where the trench depth would not exceed about 4 feet. • The drains should consist of afree-draining sand and gravel drainage material, placed in a trench about 2 feet wide, fully encapsulated within a suitable nonwoven, geotextile filter fabric, such as Mirafi 140N (or similar material). The drainage material should extend the full height of the rear keyway wall. Where subdrains are used to intercept ground water seepage at locations other than at keyways, the drainage material should be at least 3 feet high. A heavy-wall (SDR-35 or heavier) perforated pipe should be installed near the bottom of each subdrain and bedded in drainage material. Pipes should have minimum slopes of 1 percent and should drain to suitable collector and discharge points. All subdrain tines should include ,... ~ ~~ 1 ~,;,,; ~ ,~ ~ Filc No. 2378-032-703/040595 G e o E n g i n e e r s ~~t cleanout risers. We recommend that the cleanout risers be covered with tamper-proof locking caps. Discharge pipes should be covered with heavy galvanized wire mesh to prevent rodent access. Cut Slopes Permanent cut slopes in soils should be inclined at 2 to 1 (horizontal to vertical) or flatter, or should be retained with a properly designed retaining structure. Cut slopes should be hydroseeded shortly after completion of grading to prevent erosion. Temporary erosion protection may be necessary as discussed above for newly constructed fill slopes. Temporary Cut Slopes Temporary cut slopes are anticipated for construction of underground utilities. All temporary cut slopes and shoring must comply with the provisions of Title 296 WAC, Part N, "Excavation, Trenching and Shoring." The contractor performing the work must have the primary responsibility for protection of workmen and adjacent improvements, deciding whether to use shoring, and for establishing the safe inclination for open-cut slopes. Temporary unsupported cut slopes more than 4 feet high may be inclined at 1H:1V (horizontal to vertical) maximum steepness within native till or structural fill. Flatter slopes may be necessary if seepage is present on the cut face. Some sloughing and ravelling of the cut slopes should be expected. Temporary covering with heavy plastic sheeting should be used to protect these slopes during periods of wet weather. Utility Trenches Trench excavation, pipe bedding, and trench backfilling should be completed using the general procedures described in WSDOT Standard Specifications, Section ?-17, or other suitable procedures specified by the project civil engineer. Utility pipes should be bedded in sand and smooth rounded gravel, such as specified in WSDOT Standard Specifications, Section 9-03.15. Additionally, we recommend that the pipe be covered with bedding material to at least one foot above the pipe. This bedding material should be lightly tamped into place. Backfill placed above the bedding material shall consist of structural fill quality material as discussed above. Utility trench backfill can be placed in lifts of 12 inches or less (loose thickness) below a depth of 5 feet from finish grade. Within 5 feet of finish grade, backfill should be placed in lifts of 8 inches or less (loose thickness) such that adequate compaction can be achieved throughout the lift. Each lift must be compacted prior to placing the subsequent lift. Prior to compaction, the backfill should be moisture conditioned to near optimum moisture content, if necessary. The backfill should be compacted in accordance with the criteria discussed t,.~ , c r '~' ~~ ~lvi. ~~~~ ~ ~M.C v G e o E n g i n e e r s 9 U D F E 8 ~ 3 2001 File No. 2R~9U~99~f'`~ DEPT. OF COM!~1!)NITY DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION SUPPORT General We recommend that residential structures be supported on p ~c~~od~ FEB 1 3 2001 D ____,_ JEFFERSON,CQUNTY J; founded on medium dense to dense native soil, or structural fill, prepared as recommended in the EARTHWORK section of this report. Shallow spread footings designed and constructed as described below may be used where minimum setback distances can be achieved on moderate slopes. Foundation Design We recommend that all footing elements be embedded a minimum of 18 inches below the lowest adjacent finished grade. Where footings are placed on sloping ground, the horizontal distance from the bottom of the footing to the ground surface should not be less than 8 feet. We recommend a minimum width of 2 feet for isolated footings and at least 16 inches for continuous wall footings. Deeper footing embedment may be required where minimum building setbacks cannot be achieved, and we recommend that design criteria for footings located on or near slopes be evaluated by a representative from our firm on asite-specific basis. Footings founded as described above can be designed using an allowable soil bearing pressure of 2,500 psf (pounds per square foot) for combined dead and long-term Live loads, exclusive of the weight of the footing and any overlying backfill. This value may be increased by one-third for transient loads such as those induced by seismic events or wind loadings. Where a crawlspace is used, footing pads for floor support may be cast on the ground, providing that the ground is firm and level. These pads should be designed using an allowable bearing of 1,000 psf applied to dead and live loads. Structures constructed across mixed subgrade conditions could experience distress because of differential performance of the subgrade materials. This is a concern at the contact between cuts and fills and at contacts between dissimilar materials within cuts. Where contacts between dissimilar materials are exposed at pad or footing grade, we recommend that the subgrade beneath the structure be overexcavated at least 1 foot below design grade, and the overexcavation backfilled with structural fill compacted to at least 95 percent of the MDD. The limits of the overexcavation and structural fill placement should extend at least 1 foot outside of the building footprint or footing area. Loose or disturbed subgrade soils in footing excavations may result in increased settlement. The native soils are susceptible to disturbance if allowed to become wet. If footings are constructed during wet weather, concrete should be placed as soon as possible after the footings are excavated. It also may be appropriate to place a lean concrete "mud mat" or a layer of crushed rock in footing excavation bottoms to protect the subgrades from disturbance. We recommend that all completed footing excavations be observed by a representative of our firm prior to reinforcing steel and structural concrete placement. Our representative will confirm that the bearing surface has been prepared in a manner consistent with our recommendations and that the subsurface conditions are as expected. G e o E n g i n e e r s ~~'~ ~ t~ `~~ `M •~ v~ v File No. 2378-032-703/040595 Lateral Load Resistance Lateral loads can be resisted by a combination of friction between the footing and the supporting soil, and by the passive lateral resistance of the soil surrounding the embedded portions of the footings. A coefficient of friction between concrete and soil of 4.35 and a passive lateral resistance corresponding to an equivalent fluid density of 300 pcf (pounds per cubic foot) may be used for design. The friction coefficient and passive lateral resistance are allowable values, and incorporate factors of safety of approximately 1.5. If soils adjacent to footings are disturbed during construction, the disturbed soils must be recompacted, otherwise the lateral passive resistance value must be reduced. Foundation Settlement We estimate that the postconstructionsefflement of shallow footings supported on native till or on structural fill may range from about ~ to lh inch. Maximum differential settlement should be less than ~,4 inch, measured along 25 feet of continuous wall footing. We expect that settlements for these conditions will tend to occur rapidly after the loads are applied. Immediately prior to placing concrete, all debris and soil slough that accumulated in the footings during forming and steel placement must be removed. Debris or loose soils not removed from the footing excavations will result in increased settlement. FLOOR SLAB SUPPORT Floor slabs may be supported on-grade provided that the subgrade soils are prepared as previously recommended. Any areas disturbed by construction activities should be recompacted before proceeding with slab construction. We recommend that slabs-on-grade be constructed on a gravel layer to provide uniform support and to act as a capillary break. The gravel layer should consist of at least 4 inches of clean fine gravel or crushed rock, with negligible sand or silt. A vapor barrier should be placed over the gravel layer. We recommend that the vapor barrier be covered with 2 inches of sand to protect it during construction and to aid in curing of the slab concrete. This sand should not be allowed to become wet prior to casting the slab concrete, otherwise curing of the concrete may be adversely affected. In areas where ground water is near the surface, we recommend that underdrainage be provided to collect and discharge groundwater from below the slabs. This can be accomplished by thickening the gravel layer below the slabs to 6 inches, and installing a 4-inch-diameter perforated collector pipe in a shallow trench placed below the gravel layer. The collector pipe should be oriented along the center, long axis of the structure. The trench should measure about 1 foot wide by 1 foot deep and should be backfilled with clean gravel. The collector pipe should be sloped to drain and discharge into the storm water collection system site. This pipe should also incorporate a cleanout. -~ r ("( .~ ,~~~ .~.~ ~~~~ty4 G e o E n g i n e e r s 11 l~y ~c ~a~~ja spa ~~~ ~ ~ 200 JEFFERSON COUNTY r ~~r,~?.~M~Att7a~.,D~,~ELOPMENT ~~ ~~~D ~ d~ RETAINING and SUBGRADE WALLS • Design Parameters JEFFERSON COUNTY SEPT. OF C E MENT We recommend that retaining and subgrade walls be designed pressure corresponding to an equivalent fluid density of 35 pcf. This lateral earth pressure is for a wall with level backfill. For walls with backfill sloping up at 2H:1 V, the design lateral earth pressure should be increased to 55 pcf. If vehicles can approach the wall to within 1~ the height of the wall, a traffic surcharge should be added to the wall pressure. For car parking areas, the traffic surcharge can be approximated by the equivalent weight of an additional 1 foot of soil backfill behind the wall. For delivery truck parking areas and access driveway areas, the traffic surcharge can be approximated by the equivalent weight of an additional 2 feet of soil backfill behind the wall. These recommendations are based on the assumption that any retaining walls at this project will be provided with backdrainage and will be unrestrained against slight top rotation. If the walls will be restrained, higher pressures will be appropriate. Walls are assumed to be restrained if top movement during backfilling is less than H/1000, where H is the wall height. The values for soil bearing, frictional resistance and passive resistance presented above for foundation design are applicable to retaining wall design. Backdrainage The retaining walls could be exposed to water from ground or surface water sources, or from landscape watering. As the proposed structures will likely utilize the retaining wall as basement walls, we recommend that the buried portions of the walls be waterproofed. To reduce the potential for hydrostatic water pressure buildup behind the retaining walls, we recommend that the walls be provided with backdrainage. Backdrainage can be achieved by using free- draining material or prefabricated drainage panel products, with perforated pipes to discharge the collected water. Free-draining material should consist of sand and gravel containing less than 3 percent fines. The draining material should be 2 feet wide and should extend from the base of the wall to within 1 foot of the ground surface. The free-draining material should be covered with 1 foot of less permeable material, such as the on-site silty sand. Prefabricated drainage panel products, such as Mirafi Miradrain 6000 (or similar material), consist of a geotextile filter fabric bonded to a molded plastic drainage element. The drainage panel is placed directly behind the wall, and should extend from the base of the wall to about 1 foot from finished grade. The panel should be covered with 1 foot of less permeable material, such as the on-site silty sand. Wall backdrains should include a perforated pipe with a minimum diameter of 6-inches. We recommend using either heavy-wall solid pipe or rigid corrugated polyethylene pipe. We recommend against using flexible tubing for wall backdrain pipe. r ~, ~. ~ ~- ~S i~~~ ,~.~ l ~h~rJ G e o E n g i nee r s I Z File No. 2378-032-'t'03/OdOS95 The pipe should be installed with about 3 inches of drainage material below the pipe, or the , ~. drainage panel geotextile filter fabric should extend from the panel to wrap around the pipe. The pipes should be laid with minimum slopes of one percent and discharge to appropriate disposal points to convey the water away from the retaining walls. The pipe installations should include cleanout risers located at the upper end of each pipe run. We recommend that the cleanouts be provided with tamper-proof locking caps, completed within flush mounted utility boxes. We recommend that roof downspouts not discharge into the perfo p~es~o~di~g~al~ backdrainage. ~ E ~ ~ ~ 2001 Construction Considerations Care should be taken by the contractor during backfilling to avoi ~ ~ _____ retaining walls. Backfill placed within about 5 feet of the walls should DE ELOPMENT operated or small self-propelled equipment. Heavy compactors or other heavy construction equipment should not be used within about 5 feet of the walls. Rockeries Rockeries may be planned in areas with grade transitions. Rockeries essentially serve as protection against erosion and minor sloughing along existing stable slopes and provide little "retaining" support. Rockeries are best suited for use along stable slopes cut in competent soils. When a rockery is constructed along the face of a fill embanlanent, adequate compaction of the fill behind the rockery is critical for long-term stability; the fill should be compacted to at least 95 percent of the MDD, and the fill height should be limited to about 4 feet. Any surcharge conditions above a rockery or seepage conditions within the fill embanlanent behind a rockery can lead to distress or failure of a rockery-faced slope. The potential need for maintenance of rockeries should be recognized. We recommend that rockeries be constructed in accordance with the most current edition of "The Association of Rockery Contractors Standard Rockery Construction Guidelines." For planning purposes, we recommend that all rockeries be limited to a maximum height of 8 feet. DRAINAGE All ground surfaces, pavements and sidewalks should slope away from structures. Surface water runoff should be controlled by a system of curbs, berms, drainage swales, and/or catch basins, and conveyed off-site through a storm water collection system. Surface water should not be discharged over slopes or into subdrains. Roof drains should be tightlined to discharge into the storm water collection system or to an appropriate outlet structure. Roof drain water should not be discharged to footing drains. Footing, wall and underslab drainage systems may be needed depending on final design grades and localized ground water conditions. Footing drains with an invert elevation at the base of the footing are generally effective to limit water seepage into crawlspaces. The crawlspace t~ '~ ~4 v3~ JJ 1 ~y~~` G e o E n g i n e e r s 13 Filc No. 2378-032-703/040395 should not be excavated deeper than the invert of the footing drains, or additional areal drains _ will need to bt provided. Permanent drainage systems should be installed at the top and/or bottom of cut and fill - slopes to intercept surface runoff and to prevent it from flowing in an uncontrolled manner across the slopes. PAVEMENT DESIGN AND SUBGRADE PREPARATION Parking area and access drive pavement subgrades should be prepared as described previously in the EARTHWORK section of this report. We recommend the pavement in areas to be used exclusively by automobiles consist of 2 inches of Class B asphalt concrete over 4 inches of crushed surfacing base course. For pavement in access roads and truck parking areas, we recommend providing 3 inches of asphalt concrete over 6 inches of crushed surfacing base course. The base course should be compacted to at least 95 percent of the MDD. The crushed base course should comply with Washington Department of Transportation Standard Specifications for Road, Bridge and Municipal Constructio 3.9 3 "Base Course. " The asphalt concrete materials and procedures shout p~w~ s~;c~ic~io~ in that document for Class B Asphalt Concrete Pavement. E ~ ~ ~ ~0~~ LIMITATIONS ' We have prepared this report for use by Pope Resources and m tubers o~~eR ~t1tn ata d DEPT. OF COM N(~ DEV Q MENT involved in the Port Ludlow Division 7 Development. The d an to prospective contractors for bidding or estimating purposes; but our report, conclusions and interpretations should not be construed as a warranty of the subsurface conditions. Our scope does not include services related to construction safety precautions and our recommendations are not intended to direct the contractor's methods, techniques, sequences or procedures, except as specifically described in our report for consideration in design. The project was in the design development stage at the time this report was prepared. We expect that further consultation regarding specific design elements will be necessary. If there are any changes in the grades, location, configuration or type of construction planned, the conclusions and recommendations presented in this report might not be fully applicable. If such changes are made, we should be given the opportunity to review our conclusions and recommendations and to provide written modification or verification, as appropriate. When the design is finalized, we recommend that we be given the opportunity to review those portions of the specifications and drawings that relate to geotechnical considerations to see that our recommendations have been interpreted and implemented as intended. There are possible variations in subsurface conditions between the locations of the explorations and also with time. Some contingency for unanticipated conditions should be included in the project budget and schedule. We recommend that sufficient monitoring, testing and consultation be provided by our firm during construction to confirm that the conditions ~l'~ .y~0 ~/uL 'J~J ~ ~^'' G e o E n g i n e e r s 14 Filc No. 237$-032-T03/040593 encountered are consistent with those iixiicated by the explorations; to provide recommendations r for design changes should the conditions revealed during the work differ from those anticipated; and to evaluate whether or not earthwork and foundation installation activities comply with the contract plans and specifications. Within the limitations of scope, schedule and budget, our services have been executed in accordance with generally accepted practices in this area at the time the report was prepared. No other warranty, express or implied, should be understood. ~ O - We appreciate the opportunity of working with you on this projeci. If you have any questions or need further assistance, please call. O~ ~woF~~ ~ ~ ~~ 1 L ~p ~ 31000 ~ `~ 7 ~ssl ~1;~ 5 ~' aNA1, ~ Ex~~s: ei,4 i qS ~rvM:cwx:~o Documecu ID: 2378032R.R Attachments Yours very truly, GeoEngineers, Inc. __-- Thomas V. May Geotechnical Engineer ~• Gary W. Henderson Principal A~}D~YOR'S NOTE: '-`- .' _ e~ Four copies submitted cc: Pope Resources 781 Walker Way Port Ludlow, Washington 98365 Attn: Mr. Ray Welch U ~'J ~E8 1 ~ 2001 ~~~~~~~fl~ ~~u~TY p~FT. Of COMMUN~n DEVELOPMENT C~Ay d e o E n g i nee r s 1$ File No. 2378-032-'Pp3l04U59S Foundation :;_ ~- ~ _a A ' :., ~ . .a . :' ~ . a ~ '- ' .'a ~ '• .. .. ~ 4 d ~ , .~ s Horizontal Setback Dense Native Soil or Properly Compacted Structural Fill ~--~' \}; A ~~~ t j4f~t~ ~t .~ asoN ~°v~ ~ °~~'., ~F C~~~P~~~~~~ ~~ OEp~ . Geo Engineers ~.-, •~ von J~~ ~ ~~}:,~ryJ` FOUNDATION DETAIL FIauRE 2 SOIL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM MAJOR DIVISIONS GRAVEL COARSE GRAINED SOILS More Than 5096 of Coarse Fraction Retained on No. 4 Sieve More Than 5096 Retained on SAND No. 200 Sieve More Than 5096 of Coarse Fraction Passes No. 4 Sieve FINE SILT AND CLAY GRAINED SOILS liquid limit less Than 50 More Than 5096 SILT ANO CLAY Passes No. 200 Sieve liquid Limit 50 or More HIGHLY ORGANIC SOILS NOTES: 1. Field classification is based on visual examination of soil in general accordance with ASTM 02488-90. 2. Soil classification using laboratory teats is based on ASTM D2487-90. ' 3. Descriptions of soil de a based on interpretation of blow d~c , ~(i;'Lal(~p~arl~e soils, and/or test data. ~ !~~ l~r ~~CC FED ~ ~~ 2~,Q~ QEPT. OF COMMUNITY pEVEL PMENT Geo ~ ~ Engineers .i GROUP SYMBOL CLEAN GRAVEL GW GP GRAVEL WITH FINES GM SI GC C CLEAN SANG SW w SP SANG WITH FINES SM St GROUP NAME WELL-GAAOEO GAAVEI, FINE TO COARSE GRAVEL. POORLY-GRADED GRAVEL lTY GRAVEL LAYEY GRAVEL Ell-GAAOEO SAND, FINE TO COARSE SAND POORLY-GRADED SANG LTY sANo SC CLAYEY SANG INORGANIC ML SILT CL CLAY ORGANIC OL ORGANtC SILT, ORGANtC CLAY INORGANIC MH SILT OF HIGH PLASTICITY, ELASTIC SILT CH CLAY OF HIGH PLASTICITY, FAT CLAY ORGANIC OH ORGANIC CLAY, ORGANIC SILT PT PEAT • SOIL MOISTURE MODIFIERS: Dry - Absence of moisture, dusty, dry to the touch Moist - Damp, but no visible water Wet - Visible free water or saturated, usually soil is obtained from below water table ~~~ `~5 ~ ~~~t ~ ~~~ SOIL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM FIGURE 3 LOG OF TEST P1T DEPTH BELOW OROUNO BURFACE (PEETI 8011 GROUP CLA881FICATION SYMBOL DE8CRIPTION , 0.0 - 0.4 0.4 - 1.3 1.S • 4.3 a.s - s.s S.S - 9.0 0.0 - O.S O.S - 1.0 1.0 - 4.S 4.S - S.S S.S - 10.0 U '~ I F E ~ 7 ~ 2flfl1 JEFFERSON COUNTY DEPT. OF COMMUNfTY DEVELOPMENT THE DEPTHS ON THE TEST PIT LOGS. ALTHOUGH SHOWN TO 0.1 FOOT, ARE BASED ON AN AVERAGE OF MEASUREMENTS ACROSS THE TEST PTT AND SHOULD BE CONSIDERED ACCURATE TO O.S FOOT. Geo Engineers LOG OF TEST PIT FIGURE 4 TEST' PIT 1 4" duff SM Reddish silty sand with gravel (medium dense. moist) SP Yellowish rind and gravel (dense. moist) SP Gray very dense sand with gravel SM Gny silty sand with gravel (very dense, moist) (glacial till) Test pit completed at a depth of 9.0 feet on OZ/Z3/9S Slight ground water secpage observed at a depth of S.S feet No caving observed TEST PTT 2 Fill -silty sand and grave! Duff SP Yellowish sand and gravel (medium dense to dense. moist) SP-SM Gray weathered till SM Gray silty sard with gravel (very dense, moist) (glacial till) Test pit completed at a depth of 10.0 feet on 02/23/95 Slight ground water seepage observed at a depth of 8.0 feet No caving observed 1 11 r V O t. ~./ ~ J 1 ^1 v L LOG OF TEST PIT DES sE<ow 801 aROUP GROUND 8URFACE CI.A881fICATiON IFEE~ SYM80L 0.0.0.4 0.4 - 1.3 1.3 - 3.0 ~ S.0 - 10.0 sM 0.0 - 0.4 0.4 - 1.S SM 1.5 - 4.0 SP 4.0 - 8.S ~ 0.0 - 0.4 0.4 - 3.0 ~ 3.0 - 9.0 SM DESCRIPTION 4" duff Rcddish to yeQowis6 Yellowish sacd with gravel (dense, moist) Gray silty sand with gavel (very dense, moist) (glacial till) Test pit completed :< a depth of 10.0 feet on 02/23!95 Slight ground water seepage observed at a depth of S.0 feet No caving observed TEST PTT 4 4" duff Rcddish silty sand with gavel Yellowish brown sand with fine but mostly coarse gravel (dense to very dense, moist) . Gray silty sand with gravel (very dense, moist) (glacial till) Test pit completed at a depth of 8.5 feet on 02123/95 Slight ground water secpage observed at a depth of 4.0 feet No caving observed ~ ~ ~ q ~t1! TEST PTT 3 ~~ ~~ ~~0 4" duff Yellow sand with gravel (dcase, moist) DEPT, 0 F C C M M UON TY DEVELOPMENT Gray silty sand with gravel (very dense, most ac Test pit completed at a depth of 9.0 feet on 02/23/95 Slight ground water seepage observed at a depth of 3.0 feet No caving observed THE DEPTHS ON THE TEST PTT LOGS, ALTHOUGH SHOWN TO 0.1 FOOT. ARE BASED ON AN AVERAGE OF MEASUREMENTS ACROSS THE TEST PTT AND SHOULD BE CONSIDERED ACCURATE TO 0.3 FOOT. Geo Engineers LOG OF TEST PIT FIGURE 5 V0~ ~J~J ~ '~-~ LOa OF TEST PIT 0~ eE~ow SOtL GROUP tIROUNO BURFACE CLA88tFICATION (~~ 8YMBOL OEBCRIPTION 0.0 - 0.6 0.6 - 3.0 SM 3.0 - ?.0 ~ TEST PIT 6 6' duff Brown silty sand with gravel (loose to medium dense, moist) Gny silty sand with gravel and occasional cobbles (very dense) (till) Teat pit complead at a depth of 7.0 feet on 0?./23/95 No ground water seepage observed No caving observed ~ L ~~ ~ ,.~ 2~Q~ JEFFERSON CQUNTY DEPT. OF COh1MUNITY DEVELOPMENT THE DEPTHS ON THE TEST PTT LOGS, ALTHOUGH SHOWN TO 0.1 FOOT, ARE BASED ON AN AVERAGE OF MEASUREMENTS ACROSS THB TEST PTT AND SHOULD BE CONSIDERED ACCURATE TO 0.5 FOOT. Geo Engineers LOG OF TEST PIT FIGURE 6 ~~.-~. ~i~ir~ ~ ~ .. ~5~ _~, ~ 1 SECTION 9: GEOLOt3ICALLY HAZARDOUS AREAS I 2 . 3 Subsections: 4 5 9.10 Introduction D 6 9.20 Purpose . 7 9.30 Classification/Designation SEE ~ ~ 2001 8 9.40 Applicability and Waivers 1 9 9.50 Protection Standards ~E~FERSON coucsN 1 ons DEVELOPMENT 10 9.60 Conditi pEpT. pF COMMUNITY 11 12 13 9.10 Introduction 14 15 Geologically hazardous areas in Jefferson Coundwater thatamaercombine 16 slope, soil type, ologic material and grou y 17 to create problemsith slope stabi~ity,.erosion, and water quality 18 during and after construction or during natural events such as 19 earthquakes or severe rainstorms. The following regulations will 20 ide development in these critical areas. 21 22 23 9.20 Purpose 24 25 To maintain the natural integrity of•geologically hazardous areas and 26 their buffers in order to protect adjacent lands from the impacts of 1 ence excessive erosion, and to safeguar 27 landslides, mudslides, subsid ,• 28 the public from these threats to life and property. The purpose of 29 this ordinance section is, however, subordinate to the overall purpos . ~ 30 of this ordinance as stated in §1.201. 31 32 33 9.30 ClassificationlDesictnation 34 35 9.30 Classification: For the purposes of this ordinance, 36 geologically hazardous areas shall be classified based upon a landslide and seismic hazard. 37 combination of erosion, 38 39 es t on: The following erosion, landslide and seismic x.302 D ana 40 hazard areas shall be subject to the standards of this section. 41 42 1. erosion haz,~ ard_ areas: ~ ~-~ ~ ., 43 exes described and 44 a. Areas containing soils or soil compl 45 mapped within the United States Department of 46 AgriculturejSoil Conservation Service ~,o u~veY as having a severe or very severe 47 Je!!e sen 48 erosion hazard potential: 49 50 2. *~MaQ " ao t~,~~ard area: Areas potentially subject to mass 51 movement due to a combination of geologic, topographic and 52 hydrologic factors including: 1 41 V p ,, X 1 5. Washington State Department of Natural Resources, Geologic Maps of Eastern Jefferson County, ,~ ~ ~ 2 .- s ---~j ~, ~ ~ i n Eastern Jefferson _ County • 3 4 United States Department of the Interior, USGS ua Maps_ 5 6. 6 ~ The maps prepared by the County g 4~ 4 eo g c _~ 303 have been 9 using the identification sources listed in subrec~otnre~ulatory 10 produced for informational purposes only and a g 11 devices fortaing an integral part of this ordinance. 12 13 14 9.40 Applicabi1ity and Waivers nrr>> i cab. ~lty • .. `' .:. ~ . ,.~ .. 17 Critical area review shall .be required for any triggering 18 1. 19 application for a project on a parcel of real property 20 containing a designated erosion or landslide hazard area, 21 unless waived under subsection 9.402, below. 22 2, Critical area review shall be required where a triggering 23 a lication is made for construction of any publicly owned 25 facility in a designated seismic hazard area. 26 27 1 when 28 9.40? Waivers: The provisions of this seceifollowin notoathey 29 the applicant demonstrates either one of th g 30 satisfaction of the Administrator: 31 32 1. All building sites and project related improvemen s (including any clearing or grading activity) will be located 33 34 outside of any designated geologic hazard area or its 35 buffer. 36 eolo is information available for the 37 2. There is adequate g g 38 project area to determine the impacts of the proposed y' and 39 development and appropriate mitigating measures, if an , 40 ~ the proposal would not cause adverse geological impacts on 41 or off the project site.q,. 42 Co d'tions:~ In or er~to~s~cure compliance with, of 43 x.403 Waiver 44 subsection 9.402, above, the Administrator'`Yma_y~:require conditions which ensure that no portion of the`~-roposed development will 45 approval encroach upon a designated geologic hazard area or itedbtfofeo'tional 46 include, but are not limit p 47 Conditions of approval may 8 conservation easements; the graphic portrayal of building envelopes 4 and related improvements on the face of final short ns•land noticesnto 49 50 binding site plans; drainage and erosion control p a 51 title. 52 (~ (~ t5 JEFFERSON COUNTY S C -~ ~~ Q (00 DEPT. OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT ~ p1..,,, 7 ~ ~ , . i I -- 1 i. 1~ '~: r 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 d. Clearing for roads and utilities shall remain within construction limits which must be marked in the field prior to conmtencement of site work; and e. The authorized clearing for roads and utilities shall bE the minimum necessary to accomplish project specific engineering designs and shall remain .within approved rights-of-way. 2. The following provisions regarding grading shall apply: a. An applicant submitting a triggering application shall also submit, and have approved, a grading plan, as specified in section li of this ordinance, when the triggering application involves either of the following: (i) The alteration of a geologically hazardous area its buffer; or (fi) The creation of a new parcel within a known geologically hazardous area; b. Excavation, grading and earthwork construction regulatec under this section shall only be allowed from April 1 tc November 1, unless the applicant demonstrates that such activities would not result in impacts contrary to the protection requirements herein. 9.504 V~aetation Retention: The following provisions regarding vegetation retention shall apply: 1. .. During clearing for roadways and utilities, all trees and understory lying outside of approved construction limits shall be retained: Provided that understory damaged Burin approved clearing operations may be pruned (see also, subsection 9.503 (1) (c) , above) . 2. Damage to vegetation retained during initial clearing activities shall be minimized by directional felling of trees to avoid critical areas and vegetation to be retaine 3. Retained trees, understory and stumps may subsequently be cleared only if such clearing is necessary to complete the proposal involved in the triggering application. 9.505 uffer Marking: The location.of the outer extenioWS•landslid hazard area buffers shall be marked in the field as fol 1, A permanent physical separation along the boune~anentlhe landslide hazard area shall be installed and p Y maintained. Such separation may consist of logs, a tree c hedge row, fencing, or other prominent physical marking approved by the Administrator. V D ~E~ 1 ~ 201 JEFFERSON COUNTY DEPT. OF COMf~1UNITY DEVELOPMENT r ~~l . ~.: ~E~2 ~~o~ •~~) a_ 0 1 ~. SOB „~ aren~.q Buffer Widths: Th® Administrator may incr®ase tt. 2 standard landslide hazard area bu!!er width specified in subsection 3 9.506.6, above,~'when a larger bulPer is necessary to protect the 4 ;propassd protect and the landslide hazard area. This datsrn-ination 5 s1~a~1:<<bs made only when the Department, at its own expanse, 6 ~s~o~atrates any one o!_the following through appropriate ~ 7 _ doaumentat f on 8 g 1. The landslide hazard area is unstable and active. 10 11 .2. The adjacent land is susceptible to severe landslide or 12 erosion, and erosion control measures will not effeetivel 13 protect the proposed project or the landslide hazard area 14 15 3. The adjacent land has minimal vegetative cover. 16 17 g-sn9 Ge otechnical Report: 18 19 1: An applicant submitting a triggering application shall 20 submit, and have approved, a geotechnical report, as 21 specified in section 11 of this ordinance,~when the 22 triggering application involves any of the following: 23 a. The alteration of a landslide hazard area or its buffer 24 b. The creation of a new parcel within a known landslide 25 hazard area. 26 c. The construction of a publicly owned facility in a 27 designated seismic hazard area. 28 29 2. Where a geotechnical report is required for a landslide 30 hazard area, the triggering application shall not be 31 approved unless the geotechnical report certifies all of 32 following: _ 33 a. There is minimal landslide hazard as proven by a lack c 34 evidence of landslide activity in the vicinity in the 35 past; 36 b. An analysis of slope stability indicates that the 37 proposal will not be subject to risk of landslide, or t 38 proposal or the landslide hazard area can be modified s 39 that hazards are eliminated; 40 c. The proposal will not increase surface water discharge 41 sedimentation to adjacent properties beyond 42 predevelopment conditions; 43 d. The proposal will not decrease slope stability on 44 adjacent properties; and 45 e. All newly created building sites will be stable under 46 normal geologic conditions (if applicable). 47 48 3. Where a geotechnical is required for a seismic hazard area 49 the triggering application shall not be approved unless tY 50 geotechnical report demonstrates that the proposed project 51 will adequately protect t e public safety. 5 2 Q (1jl ~ . V D ~ j JEFFERSON COUNTY . , DEPT. OF COMMUN~n DEVELOPMENT ;~ , ~o~ Wben recorded return to: ton Rose 4CH~3~ Olympic Resource Management PO Hox 1780 Poulsbo, WA 98370 .. ~ ~~~ .. .,. ,.. ~ . .. ~ ~~~; .. " ~d~trJ :..: ~.., _ ..~~ C r 9 ~~'~~ . P ~. JE~FER £ ~ 1 ^ ~ UNT YTS ~`LD a UOITOA 8Y EPUTY Revised Report Addendum To Supplement GeoEngineer's Geoteclsnical Report For Port Ludlow No. 7 Reference to Related Documents: A Geotechnical Report dated April S, 1995, covering port Ludlow No. ?recorded at Volume 557, Pages 933 through 964, records of Jefferson County, Washington, wader. Jefferson Coon Auditors File No. 393727. ~ Grantor: Pope Resources, A Delaware Limited Partnership Grantee: Pope Resources, A Delaware Limited partnership Abbreviated Legal Description: Portions of SE 1/4 of Section 8, SW 1/4 of Section 9, NW 1/4 of Section 16, and NE 1/4 of Section 17, Township 28 North, Range 1 East, W.M., Jefferson County, Washington. Assessor's Property Tai Parcel /Account Numbers: ~ ~ X003 JEFFERSON COUNTY DEPT. QF COM~v1UNfTY DEVELOPMENT YJL (~~ V~vr~ t { February 11, 1997 Pope Resources, Inc. P.O. Box 1780 Poulsbo, Washington 98370 ~ lYi - ~ Coasultl~ ~ and Geosclendst Offices in Waahin~ Oregon, and Alaslc Attention: Mr. Jon Rose, P.E. Revised Report Addendum Port Ludlow Division 7 Port Ludlow, Washington File No. 2378-041-03 ~. INTRODUCTION This letter supplements GeoEagineers' April S, 1995 geotechnical report for the subject site to include criteria for on-site dispersal and 'infiltration trenches for roof drains and clarify building setbacks from steep slopes. We understand individual lot dispersal trenches are proposed for Lot numbers 14 through 22. The dispersal trenches will be constructed in general accordance with the WDOE Stonawater ~ Manual (Washington State Department of Ecology Stormwater I/iaaage:nent Manual for the Puget Sound Basin) criteria and the attached drawing prepared by WestSoun~d Engineering. Individual lot infiltration trenches are proposed for Lot numbers 1 through 7, also to be constructed is general accordance with WDOE Stormwater Manual criteria. Clarification is requGSted regarding building setbacks from steep slopes for Lots 14 through 22. DISPERSAL TRENCHES Dispersal trenches are in our opinion acceptable for discharge of roof drainage on individual lots 14 through Z2 and lots 1 through 7. The trenches should be constructed parallel to the slope contours. Care must be taken so that the system is properly constructed and that flow is evenly dispersed on vegetated slopes. We recotnm~tid dispersal trenches be setback a horizontal distance of at least 25 fret from slopes steeper than 3:1 (horizontal to vertical), or the roof drains may be tightlinod to a dispersal trench located at the base of the slope. ~~c~a~ ~~ d ~~ ~ ~- ~. ~ ~ ~- X001 ~,o~ ,~, s~ ~o ""w"' ~'~ aR40Z JEFFERSON COUNTY `~. pEpT, OF COM~+1UNlTY pEVELOPMENT von 5i~ ~«-,~4$~3 t • •f INFILTRATION TREN CHES lnliltratioa trenches coastiueted is genarai accordance with WDOB St criteria and the design Pnp~ by WestSound oraswater I~iaau~ 1SS through 169 of the Jett ~b~~ as rOCO~ in Volume 563, p~ga anon County Auditor ue in our opinion generally spprop~ foi di~~posal of roof dninsge on individual lots 1 through ~, The puaUel to the : sh~id ba conativc;t~ Lope contours and installed in aativa ground which has not been eacatvated. Wa recommend iafiltration filled or ss~ ba set back a distance of at least ZS feet t3rom slopes steeper than 4:1(~~~ to vertical), or the roof drains may bed • trenches at the base of the slope. 8htli~d to infiltrauoa . 6UILDINQ SETBACKS A distincx lice, to be shown on the tinai plat. was act ra:o Wa t~eoomaxndad a setback aided in :our report. d~aoe from the edge of the footigg to the gtbuad a~srfaoe a~asured on a level line. For slopes b~weCII 15 sad 30 percpnt, the setback distance is 8 be u~aed to 12 feet for, sI inclined ~~ We ~ between 30 percent and SO percent. and 20 fact for slopes steeper than 50 p~erceat, The sexback can be shown onl house footpriu has been located, Y after the ~ O D ~ ~~ ; 2QO~ JEFFERSON COUNT`' pT. OF COMMUNIT`{ DEVEI.OP~T DE ~: 535 x.,494 E ..• We trust the foregoing meets your present needs, should you hiv~a say questioas or aced additional information, please caU. ~~ GI~tS:oWH:vc Dowmeat ID: 237E041 R.ADD Attachment cc: Westsound Engino~xi~g Attention: Mr. Craig Baldwin . .. Yours very truly, GeoEngineers, Inc. l Gory H. Squires Senior Engineer w Gary w. Henderson. P.E. Principal . _,,,_,___------p-~ n ~ . ~ ~a U D . s~.~FE~saN .~ Q~ E aP~~~T DEPT. GF GGMMU ~~ 595 ~,-485 awwES 10/23/9 ~' •4 . r. , ~% ~l t , 4 • ~ Port Ludlow No. 7 R~~F nc~wnraw-rrr en~ne•••~ -, LEVEL OUTLET ROCK ~ M+ . T~r~X~~x • SLOPE -.y. i srxucTVxE NOTE: OF 10 LF OF TRENCH PER EACH 7S0 SQ. FT. ROOF AREA DRAINED. PLAL~I V~t':W nF R„ n~ NOTE: NOT TO SCALE ~--- 25' MIN. TO -._.~ PROPERTY LINE (VEGETATED) ~-- 2' X 10' LEVEL TRENCHES ~`' SMALL CATC . ~~[~~~~ D . ~ ~ ~ ~ ~0~1 JEFFERSON CO NTY DEPT. OF COMMUNIN DEVELOPMENT 1/ t .i 8 ~CQPY ~a.~-,~ When recorded return to: <~ 4a1f3 Jon Rose Olympic Resource Management PO Box 1780 Poulsbo, WA 98370 ; ~r . ~~~, ~ n ~ ~ G . _^~ ~ ::~~..~.;r c: 9 ~C ~I ~P t 5 D0:`~: ;.. ~ .. T: tzLD JEFFERS~ri ~~UN7 Y QUDtTOR 8Y EPUTY Reviled Report Addendum To Supplement GeoEngineer's Geotechnical Report For Port Ludlow No. ? Reference to Related Documents: A Geotechnical Report dated April 5, 1995, covering Port Ludlow No. 7 recorded at Volume 557, Pages 933 through 964, records of Jefferson County, Washington, under Jefferson County Auditor's File No. 393727. Grantor: Pope Resources, A Delaware Limited Partnership Grantee: Pope Resources, A Delaware Limited Partnership Abbreviated Legal Description: Portions of SE 1 /4 of Section 8, S W 1/4 of Section 9, NW 1 /4 of Section 16, and NE 1 /4 of Section 17, Township 28 North, Range 1 East, W.M., Jefferson County, Washington. Assessor's Property Taa Parcel /Account Numbers: -- a ~ ~~~ s, LF ~EFFEasoN couNrr CON~MIJNt~Y DEV~.~e NT DEPT. OF ~QL ~~ Vrv~~~ 1 February 11, 1997 Conanldgg 8ogii and Geoadeatlat • Offices in Washing Pope Resources, Inc. Oregon, and Alask P.O. Box 1780 Poulsbo, Washington 98370 Attention: Mr. Jon Rose, P.E. Revised Report Addendum Port Ludlow Division 7 Port Ludlow, Washington ..~. - File No. 2378-041-03 INTRODUCTION This letter supplements GeoEngineers' April S, 1995 geotechnical report for the subject site to include criteria for oirsite dispersal and infiltration trenches for roof drains and clarify building setbacks from steep slopes. We understand i>~dividual lot dispersal trenches are proposed for Lot numbers 14 through 22. The dispersal trenches will be constructed in ge~ral accordance with the WDOE Stormwater ~ Manual (Washington State Department of Ecology Stormwater Management Manual for the Puget Sound Basin) criteria and the attached drawing prepared by WestSound Engineering. Individual lot infiltration trenches are proposed for Lot numbers 1 through 7, also to be constructed in general accordance with WDOE Stormwater Manual criteria. Clarification is requested regarding building setbacks from steep slopes for Lots 14 through 22. DISPERSAL TRENCHES . Dispersal trenches are in our opinion acceptable for discharge of roof drainage on individual lots 14 through 22 and lots 1 through 7. The trenches should be constructed parallel to the slope contours. Care must be taken so that the system is properly constructed and that flow is evenly dispersed on vegetated slopes. We recomm~ttd dispersal trenches be setback a horizontal distance of at least 25 feet from slopes steeper than 3:1 (horizontal to vertical), or the roof drains may be tightlined to a dispersal trench located at the base of the slope. ~ c~. ~4 ~~ D u~~ Nz ~~ ~ SE~~E ~~~ ~ pEVE`~pN1E 1101 Fa~v+aeu Ave., Suue Z00 M DEPT ~ ~F C~ '~..r,n,. Q/A C~{QZ ~-Oe. ~~ !'r-.r ~~ w tNFiLTRATION TRENCHES Infiltration tr~enchea conatzvcted in general accordance with WDOB Storaiwater Manual criteria and the design prepared by WestSound l3ngineering as recorded in Volume 563, page 155 through 169 of tha Jefferson County Auditor are in our opinion generally appropriate fot disposal of roof drainage on individual lots 1 through 7. The should be constructed parallel to the slope contours and installed in native ground which has not been filled or excavated. We recommend infiltration trenches be set back a distance of at least ZS feet from slopes steeper than 4:1(horizontal to vertical), or the roof drains may be tightlinod to infiltration trenches at the base of the slope. 6UILDING SETBACKS A distinct sexbaclc lip, to be shown on the final plat, was not ret:o®mended in o_ur report. We reoommeaded a a~etback distance from the edge of the footigg to the gtbund surface measured on a level tine. For slopes between IS and 30 percent, the setback distance is 8 feet. ~e rccoannend this distance be increased to 12 foes for.slopes inclined betwcea 30 percent and 50 percent, and 20 feet for slopes steeper than 50 percent. The setback can be shown only after the house footprint has been located. ~ O - JEFFERSON COUNTY DEPT. OF CO~MUN~N DE~~IECOPMENT .o: 535 x.,484 ... We trust the foregoing meets your present needs, should you have say questions or need additional information, please caU. cxs:~iwx:~~ Dowment ID: 2378041R.ADD Attactunent cc: Westsound Engineering Attention: Mr. Craig Baldwin .. Yours very truly, GeoEngineers, Inc. r ~~ Garry x. Squires Senior Engineer Y• Gary W. Henderson, P.E. Principal . Q :. -~-~r~~_ ., ~-~, '` ~ ~y 4_ '~_ ~ ~~~~ V~~~~~~~~~ ~\ ~ V~ 4.~ ;~ \ ~~@;~ ~ ~` acPSa~s 10/Z3/9 ~' ~ i r ' ~ ~ Port Lndlow No. 7 ROOF DOVYNSP~UT DIVERSION TRENCH LEVEL OUTLET -ROCK i Z4- M ~ TIZFNCH X-SECTION SLOPE ---r. NOTE: OF 10 LF OF TRENCH PER EACH 750 SQ. FT. ROOF AREA DRAINED. PLAN ~TIEW OF ROOF NOTE: NOT TO SCALE 25' MIN. TO -----~ PROPERTY LINE (VEGETATED) 2' x l o' LEVEL TRENCHES SMALL CATC ~~ . ~~~~~~; FERGd~ GG~ v~ ®P~~Ni~ o~ ca~MUN~ DEPT . von .... ir------~'" w a zo ,~z w ~h. o ~ ~`' U d 'F`e ~~ lJ ~_N ~ ~ w~ '1- a ~ ~ ~°°~"y tl.~ U ~--" €.~ '~ u. o r ^ LL a- 0 ~ Q O O ... 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