HomeMy WebLinkAboutWetland Delineation 901255001C1% awcxrz�L4
MEEHAN-ROULST WETLAND DELINEATING
Kimberly Meehan-Roulst, Wetland Specialist
407 Embody Rd, Port Ludlow, WA 98365
Phone:360-732-0073, Cell: 360-774-0551
Specializing In:
Wetland and Stream Mapping, Delineation and
Restoration
4/15/2019
Jefferson County Critical Areas 18.22 Article VII. Wetland Report:
Category IV Wetland
Case Number: CAM19-00170
PARCEL NUMBER: 901255001
YinsBrchaser
of Parcel Requesting Wetland Study:
Leigh Senna
1220 Water Street
"TY Port Townsend, WA 98368
IF
'Vv►:a C Phone: 360-774-0758
Site Address: 5812 Beaver Valley Road, Chimacum WA 98325
Owner of Parcel: Gerald and Tammi Swanson
S 25, T29N, R1W Qtr Sec SE1/4
Lat: 47deg 58'13.75"N Long: 122deg 44'20.10"W
Investigator: Meehan-Roulst Wetland Consulting
Parcel 901255001 Beaver Valley
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
CONSULTING COMPANY
3
PROPERTY OWNERS
3
PERSON REQUESTING STUDY
3
TYPE OF ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE AREA INVISTIGATION
3
LAND OWNER
3
REASON FOR JCCD CRITICAL AREAS STUDY
5
EXISTING CONDITIONS
5
WETLAND DELINAITON FIELD INV. METHODOLOGY
6
DETERMINATION BASED ON AVAILABLE DATA
7
WETLAND DESCRIPTION
7
VEGETATION: UP PLOT AND WET PLOT
8
SOIL: UP PLOT AND WET PLOT
8
HYDROLOGY
8
WETLAND BOUNDARY
9
WETLAND CATEGORY
9
WETLAND BUFFER
10
CONCLUSION
11
TABLES
Table 1: Compiled Wetland Information on Parcel 954000801 9
Table 18.22.330(2) 10
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A —
Vicinity Map, Wetland Stations 1-19 and location of data plots. "JCC Wetland Map", JCC Soils
AND Contours Map
APPENDIX B- Wetland Field Data Forms
APPENDIX C- Figures for Wetland Rating Sheets
APPENDIX D- WESTERN WASHINGTON WETLAND RATING SHEETS
APPENDIX E- APPROACH AND METHODS
Parcel 901255001 Beaver Valley 2
CONSULTING COMPANY:
PROPERTY OWNERS
WETLAND STUDY
DELINEATION AND CLASSIFICATION
Meehan-Roulst Wetland Consulting
Kimberly Meehan-Roulst
407 Embody Rd, Port Ludlow, WA 98365
Gerald and Tammi Swanson
5812 Beaver Valley Road
Chimacum, WA 98325
PERSON REQUESTING STUDY
Leigh Senna is looking to purchase parcel #901255001 from Gerald and Tammi Swanson. Before she does, she
would like for this Critical Areas Report to be reviewed by Jefferson County Community Development to
determine her use of the property regarding wetland buffers.
SITE ADDRESS: 5812 Beaver Valley Road, Chimacum WA 98325
LEGAL LOCATION: PARCEL # 901255001
Lat: 47deg 58'13.75"N Long: 122deg 44'20.10"W
ROUTE INSTRUCTIONS: From Jefferson County Permit Center, take the right onto W Sims Way/WA-20.
Go right pass through the first roundabout then enter the second one and take the 2"d exit on the right onto WA 20.
Stay straight to go onto Airport Cutoff Rd/WA- 19. Stay on WA -19. At the four way stop near Templetons Gas
Station, stay straight and continue on WA -19 which also becomes Beaver Valley Road. Just after Mile Post 5,
5812 Beaver Valley Road will be on the left. Go up driveway/hill and the first driveway on the right is 5812
Beaver Valley Road. Wetland boundary flagging can easily be seen from the driveway.
ZONING: RR -10- Rural Residential
ASSESSORS LAND USE CODE: 9100 -Designated Vacant Land
PROPERTY DESCRIPTION: VIEW RIDGE LARGE LOT SUBDIVISION LOT A
SITE VISITS: Site investigation and field work started 4/11/19- and concluded on 4/18/19
Wetland Critical Areas Study Cont:
Parcel 901255001 Beaver Valley
Soils
Wetlands FJ
& Wildlife Conservation Area
There is Category IV Wetland on parcel number
901255001. Wetland is on the western potion of
the parcel next toast of Beaver Valley Road.
Wetland is on a slope that has a spring under the
soil surface that is causing saturation in the upper
12 inches of the soil. Wetland is approximately
6080 square feet.
1. LANDSCAPE POSITION:
SLOPES ®
TYPE.
STREAM & RIVER ®
FLOODPLAINS
❑
LEVEL TERRACES
❑
DEPRESSIONS ❑
MARINE TERRACE
❑
*Wetlands average slope was 7.5% which slopes from east to west. There is also a Type 5 NF stream in
a ravine on the south side of the parcel. Stream is less than 300' from wetland.
2. SLOPE GRADIENT: Ranged from 5% on the east side of wetland and towards the center was 10%
and than it became 15%. Average slope was 7.5%.
Parcel 901255001 Beaver Valley 4
REASON FOR THIS JEFFERSON COUNTY CRITICAL AREAS STUDY ON PARCEL 901255001:
Leigh Senna contacted my self, Meehan-Roulst Wetland Consulting to investigate a wetland on Parcel
#901255001 after noticing wetland like characteristics on this parcel she wishes to purchase. Wetland was not
mapped on Jefferson County Critical Areas Maps or National Wetland Inventory Maps. Leigh wishes to purchase
the property from the current owner, Gerald and Tammi Swanson. She wanted to know what the critical area
buffers will be to not disturb the wetland and its buffer while at the same time secure a septic area and home site
that will be out of Jefferson County Critical Areas "Wetland Buffers".
EXISTING CONDITIONS:
Parcel 901255001 is located east of Beaver Valley Road/SR 19 in Chimacum Washington, Jefferson County. The
Parcel slopes uphill to the east away from Beaver Valley Road. It is located north of Highway 104 and south of
the four way traffic crossing in Chimacum. Parcel slopes upward from the road 10-20%. Parcel is 5.1 acres that
is forested for the majority of the parcel. There are two cleared areas. On the way up the hill, there is a cleared
area on the northwest corner where a gardening shed is and a fenced in area for chickens. The other cleared area
is on the south west side that goes up to a small building. The access road/drive way cuts through the middle of
the parcel which starts on the north property line and runs south towards the south property line. The wetland lies
below the driveway that extends down slope to Beaver Valley Road. Wetland boundary starts about 40' below
the driveway. The wetlands dimensions is more long than wide. There is a spring that runs under ground below
Station 1. The wet plot was placed just below Station 1. When the soil pit was opened up, the spring was coming
in from the side wall of the excavated plot at 9 inches. The up plot was placed on the east side of Station 1 up
slope of wet plot. When the up plot soil pit was opened up, the spring was down at 14 inches from the side wall.
This under ground spring is the hydrology source for this wetland. The underground spring is causing saturated
soils that continue all the way down to the ditch on the east side of Beaver Valley Road. The wetland below the
driveway starts out about 25' wide. It then becomes narrow and at some points, the north and south sides of the
wetland boundary were only 7' apart. At the ditch near Beaver Valley road, it fans out again to about 20' wide.
Wetland is approximately 6080 sq. ft. or .14 of an acre. Slopes ranged from 15% to 5%. Most was 10% but the
average for all areas was 7.5% slope and was rated as a Slope Wetland on the Western Washington Wetland
Rating Sheets.
There is also another Jefferson County Critical Areas: FWHCA's: Type 5 Non Fish Stream on the south side of
parcel that runs from east to west on the south property line. Slope was less that 20% so that means stream has a
50' Buffer associated with. The current buyer's are aware of the buffer. The buyers have located their home site
and septic area uphill/north of the stream, out side of the Type NF Stream Buffer. Perk holes are located at a
minimum of 100' away from the stream which is required by the Jefferson County Health Department (All septic
areas must be 100' from open water).
Parcel 901255001 Beaver Valley 5
WETLAND DELINEATION FIELD INVESTIGATION
Section 404 of the Clean Water Act Define Wetlands as:
"Wetlands are areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or ground water at a
frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under normal circumstances do
support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions.
Wetlands generally include swamps, marshes, bogs, and similar areas. " - Definition of
wetlands as used by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) since the 1970s for regulatory purposes.
Wetlands must meet three parameters to be a wetland: Hydrophytic Vegetation (FAC or wetter), Hydric Soils
(i.e. redoximorphic features in the upper ten inches of soil profile) and Hydrology (ponding or saturation).
METHODOLOGY:
Level I Assessment consisted of reviewing existing information to develop background knowledge of physical
features, and to identify the potential for wetland and other water occurrences on the subject parcels. The
resource documents available for the Level I preliminary assessment included: USDA Soil Conservation Service
(SCS), "Soil Survey of Jefferson County Area Washington", aerial photography, Jefferson County Critical Areas
Maps and Jefferson County Critical Areas 18.22 Article VII Wetlands, U.S Fish and Wildlife NWI maps.
Level III Assessment consisting of on-site investigation was conducted to determine the wetland area to collect
quantitative data of Hydrophytic Vegetation, Hydric Soils, and Wetland Hydrology and to delineate and classify
the wetland, as recommended in accordance with the 1987 Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual
and the Regional Supplement to the Wetland Delineation 1987 Manual for Western Mountains, Valleys, and
Coast Region (Version 2) 2010.
Wetland was rated using the Washington State wetland rating system for western Washington Update 2014,
Publication #14-06-29, Washington State Department of Ecology. Wetland boundary and location of field data
plots can be reviewed in Appendix A.
Parcel 901255001 Beaver Valley 6
DETERMINATION BASED ON AVAILABLE DATA:
USFW NWI Maps did not identify wetlands on this investigated property nor did Jefferson County Critical
Areas Maps. It was the current buyer, Leigh who was concerned there might be a wetland and she was correct.
The wetland starts mid slope below the driveway. Vegetation on the most east side was vegetated with
himalayan blackberry (Rubus armeniacus, FAC), stinging nettle (Urtica dioica, FAC), piggy back (Tolmiea
menziesii, FAC) and moss covering the soil surface. It then moves down slope into a red alder (Alnus rubra,
FAC) forested canopy with areas of a shrub scrub community that consisted of indian plum (Oemleria
cerasiformis, FACU), salmon berry (Rubus spectabilis, FAC) and prickly currant (Ribes lacustre FAC).
Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife Habitats and Species Maps for Jefferson County indicates that
there are State Candidate Species, Threatened, Priority or Other Priority Habitats located within a half mile of
the subject parcels. There is "Chimacum Creek" in the valley bottom below, 484' to the west below subject
parcel. This part of Chimacum Creek is also on the 303(d) list as Cat 5 water for "Temperature" parameter. As
mentioned earlier, the wetland itself does not have a surface water connection to the stream. I investigated the
parcel #901254004 across the road from the subject parcel. Water that comes down the ditch below the wetland
runs under Beaver Valley and discharges onto parcel 9901254004 into a swale. The swale ends and moves into
uplands.
WETLAND DESCRIPTION:
Field investigation began the middle of April 2019. Fieldwork was conducted under semi -sunny skies. Average
ambient air temperature during the field investigation was forty five degrees Fahrenheit. Three levels of data
were gathered on the parcel: Vegetation, Soils and Hydrology. Below is a photo looking down slope onto the
wetland:
Parcel 901255001 Beaver Valley 7
VEGETATION:
Wetland Vegetation:
The wetland edge around the east edge is an herbaceous community of low growing himalayan blackberry and
young stinger nettle with moss growing on the soil surface. As the wetland moves down slope towards Beaver
Valley Road, the wetland has a red alder canopy and an understory of indian plum, salmon berry and on
hummocky areas had sword fern growing.
Upland Vegetation:
Wetland is forested on the north and south sides of the wetland boundary. It is forested with a mix of douglas fir
(Pseudotsuga menziesii, FACU), western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla, FACU) large leaf mapple (Acer
macrophyllum, FACU) and western redcedar (Thuja plicata, FAC). Beneath the canopy, the was indian plum and
western sword fern. The wetland buffer on the east side is composed of primarily himalayan blackberry and
stinging nettle and at the end right on the west edge of the driveway.
SOILS:
The mapped soil unit is the "Cassolary sandy loams 15-30% slopes". They are moderately well
drained soils that are also very deep soils. They develop on terraces and terrace escarpments with slopes
ranging from 0-50%. They are not hydric soils even though they can exhibit mottling in the soil profile
starting at 6"-24". Mottling can range from faint to distinct. Mottling is from the soil make up itself and
not from saturated conditions.
Up Plot:
The up plot had loam soils in the upper 6 inches of the soils surface. Matrix color of IOYR3/4. Soils
structures were course angular blocky structure with common fine roots and few medium roots, smooth
boundary. At 6-12" layer, soils were fine sandy loams with a soil matrix color of IOYR3/3. Soil
structures were medium angular blocky. At the 12-16" layers, soils were gravelly sandy loams with a
matrix color of I OYR4/2. Structure was weak sub angular blocky.
Wet Plot:
The wet plot had loam soils in the upper 6 inches with a matrix color of I OYR2/2. Structure was
moderate blocky structure with common fine roots and a smooth boundary. At the 6-12" layer, soils
were fine sandy loams with 80% of the matrix having a color of I OYR2/2 and 20% 10YR4/4
redoximorphic features. Structure was course angular blocky structure. Redoximorphic concentrations
are an indicator of "Hydric Soils" that started at 9 inches below the soil surface. In order to meet the
definition of the hydric soil parameter, they must be right below the 10" layer or above and these
concentrations were above ten inches.
HYDROLOGY:
There is a spring that is running underground from the hills side. The up plots soil pit had water running
under it at 14 inches. Did not meet the hydrology parameter due to its deepness, below 12 inches from
the soil surface. Soils were moist from the days rains prior to site visit but not wet enough to be
saturated. The wet plots soil pit had water coming into the hole at 9 inches. The further down slope/into
the wetland, the spring became closer to the surface causing saturated soil conditions.
Parcel 901255001 Beaver Valley 8
WETLAND BOUNDARY:
Wetland boundary is marked in the field with metal whips with orange flagging at the top. Each whip
states on it "M-R.W.C., Station #, Wet Boundary, and 4/14/19". Wetland 1's boundary starts up the hill
below the drive way. Wetland stations move along the north end of wetland and station 11 was the last
placed on that side. Jumping across to the south side of the wetland is where station 12 is. Station
numbers increased moving up hill back to Station 1. Station 19 was the last station placed in the field.
Whips are positioned every twenty five -thirty -forty feet between them. Above the whips, orange ribbon
was hung stating "Wetland Boundary" fromthe upper vegetation so it easily seen in the field. Because
of the small area and low vegetation, wetland whips are easily seen in the field from the driveway.
WETLAND CATEGORY
Wetland was rated using Washington State Wetland Rating System for Western Washington, 2014. Wetlands
HGM Classification is "Slope" wetland. Slopes ranged from 5-15%. The rating sheets can be reviewed in
Appendix D.
Table 1 below provides compiled summary of wetland rating data using the HGM Classification Slope rating
sheets. Location of the wetland study sites were recorded by latitude and longitude and presented on the field
data forms in Appendix B.
WETLAND CATEGORY
Table 1
Compiled Wetland Information on Parcel
Parcel 901255001 Beaver Valley 9
Wetland Ratings Function
Scores
Improve Hydrologici Habitat
Function
H21l
Total
Wetland
Landscape HGM Class,
Wetland
DelineatedQuality
t
Function
Category
'Position Rating
Name
!Boundary:
{; 1.Site
L L L
I
'Score
Acres
Potential
!
2. Landscape
M ! L M
Potential
3. Value
1
!
901255001
Score
5
3
6
14
IV Slope Slope
On Parcel
14 Acres
Parcel 901255001 Beaver Valley 9
WETLAND BUFFERS
The proposed future development of the parcel is a home site up the hill from the wetland. Septic area is also
uphill from the wetland. Both future developments are out of Jefferson County Critical Areas Buffer. The closest
wetland buffer to the upslope areas to be developed was ran from the closest wetland boundary station, Station 1.
The wetland buffer was placed on the west side of the driveway. It states on it "36"'. The buffer actually
extended into the drive way 4'. Two other buffers were ran, one from station 2 and station 9. Both were 40' and
both did not reach the driveway. All proposed activities are out of Jefferson County Critical Areas: Wetland
Buffer. For Single-family residential use on parcels of on acre or larger will have the buffer in the table below.
Cat IV wetlands for Moderate Impact Land Uses have a 40' buffer.
Table 18.22.330(2)
WETLAND CATEGORIES, RATING SCORES AND BUFFER WIDTHS
FOR MODERATE IMPACT LAND USES
Moderate impact land uses shall include the following:
• Single-family residential use on parcels of one acre or larger;
• Private roads or driveways serving three or more residential parcels;
• Paved trails;
• Passive recreation areas;
• Utility corridors (private or public) with a maintenance road;
• Class IV -General forest conversions, including conversion option harvest plans.
Wetland Category
IV
(Total of scores for all
functions is less than 15
points)
Wetland Characteristics:
• Habitat (H)
• Water Quality (WQ)
[Total of scores less than 15
points]
Buffer Width with an
Identified Wetland
Boundary
(Delineated)
40 feet
+ An Additional
Distance from an
Apparent Wetland
Boundary
(Not Delineated)
+20 feet
Parcel 901255001 Beaver Valley 10
CDNCLUSTION:
There is forested/shrub-scrub Category IV wetland on the west side of this parcel, next to Beaver Valley Road.
The driveway and the proposed areas for the septic and building pad are on the east side of the parcel. Both are
out of Jefferson County Critical Areas Wetland Buffers. No further work on this parcel should take place until
Jefferson County Community Development approves or dis approves of this Critical Areas Report: Wetlands.
Jefferson County Administrator shall have the final determination.
Sincerely,
Meehan-Roulst Wetland Consulting
Parcel 901255001 Beaver Valley 11
APPENDIX A
Vicinity Map,
Wetland location, Wetland Stations and Location of Up Plot and Wet plots
Jefferson County Critical Areas Map
Jefferson County Contours and Soil Map
Parcel 901255001 Beaver Valley 12
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Jefferson County Critical Areas Map
Wetlands and Streams
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Jefferson County Critical Areas Map: Contours and Soil
Parcel #901255001
APPENDIX B
"FIELD DATA FORMS"
Parcel 901255001 Beaver Valley 13
WETLAND DETERMINATION DATA FORM —Western Mountains, Valleys and Coast Regions
Project/Site: Parcel # 901255001 �^
City/County: Chimacum, WA
Sampling Date: 4/15/2019
Applicant/Owner: : Leigh Senna
State: WA
I Suppling Point: Wet Plot I
Investi ator s : Meehan-Roulst Wetland Consuliu Kim Mcclian-Roulst
Section, Township, Ran c: S25, T29N, RIW, IAS SEI/4
Landform hilisla x, terrace, ctc : Slope 7.5%
Local relief concave, convex, none : Concave I Sloe% 5-10%
Subregion (LRR): North West Forest Lat: 47de
58'13.75"N Long: I ft 44'20.10"W Datum: NAD 83
Soil Map Unit Name: Cassolary sandy loam 15-30%
1 NWI classification: Herbaceous
Are climatic / h drolo "c conditions on the site typical for this time of
ear? Yes No ❑ If no, explain in Remarks.
Are vegetation L1, Soil U,or !!,XdrGlogy Q significantly disturbed?
Are "Normal Circumstances" present? Yes M No
Are vegetation L1, Soil Lj, or Hydrology naturally problematic?
(If neededex lain an answers in Remarks)
SUNNIARY OF FINDINGS— Attach site map showine sampling point locations, transects, important features, etc
Ilydrophylic Vegetation Present? Yes 0 No U Is the Sampled Area
I-lydric Soil Present? Yes ® No ❑ Within a Wetland? Yes ® No ❑
Wedwid Hydrology Present? Yes No ❑
Remarks:
VEGETATION —Use scientific names of plants
Absolute Dominant
Tre s Stratum 30' Radius Plot size: % Cover S cies?
Indicator
Status
Dominance Test worksheet:
Number of Dominant Species That
Are OBL, FACW, or FAC:
Tota1, Number of dominant
Species Across All Strata:
(A) 2
I,
2.
3.
(B) 2
4.
5.
Percent of Dominant Species
That Are OBL, FCW, or FAC:
(A/B)
100%
% Canopy= Total Cover
Prevalence Index worksheet:
Total %_Ctzycr of: Multiply by:
Saplin¢/Shrub Stratum (Plot size)
1.
OBL species
X 1 =
2.
FACW species
X2=
3.
FAC species
X3=
4.
FACU species
X4=
5.
UPL Species
X 5 =
4.
Column totals
(A)
(B)
5..
Prevalence index = B/A =
=Total Cover
Hydrophytic Vegetation Indicators:
❑ 1. Rapid Test for Hydrophytic Vegetation
® 2.Dominance Test is >50%
❑ 3. Prevalence Index is 53.01 3,05
❑ 4. Morphological Adaptations' (Provide
supporting data in Remarks or on a separate
sheet)
❑ 5. Wetland Non -Vascular Plants'
❑ Problematic Hydrophytic Vegetation'
(Explain)
'Indicators of hydric soil and wetland hydrology must
be present.
Hydrophytic
Vegetation
Present? Yes ® No ❑
He h Str to (Plot size: 1M
1. Tomiea menziesii 40 Yes
FAC
2. Urtica dioica 20 YES
FAC
3. Ribes lacustre 10 YES
FAC
4•
5
6.
7.
8.
9,
70% =Total Cover
Woody Vine Stratum Plot size:
1.
2.
=Total Cover
0
% Bare Ground in Herb Stratum 30%
Remarks:
US Army Corps of Engineers
.Roll.
Western Mountains, Valleys and Coast— Version 2.0
Samnlina Point: Wet Plot 1
Profile Description: (Describe t o the depth needed to document the indicators or confirm the absence of indicators)
Depth
(inches)
Matrix
Redox Features
Second Indi ators 2 or more r uired
Textures
Remarks
Color (moist)
%
Color (moist)
%
Type
Loc
0-6"
10YR2/2
100
❑ Dry -Season Water Table (C2)
❑ Sediment Deposits (B2)
❑ Hydrogen Sulfide Odor (C1)
❑ Saturation Visible on Aerial Imagery
L
Very dark brown loam, moderate blocky
structure, common fine roots, smooth bounds
6-12"
10YR2/2
80
10YR4/4
20
C
M
FSL
Very dark brown fine sandy loams, course
angular blocky structure, concentrations starting
at 9 inches below the soil surface.
❑ FAC=Neutral Test (135)
❑ Inundation Visible on Aerial Imagery (137)
❑ Other (Explain in remarks)
❑ Raised Ant Mounds (136) (LRR A)
❑ Sparsely Vegetated concave Surface (B8)
❑ Frost -Heave Hummocks (D7)
Field Observations
Surface Water Present? Yes ❑ No ® Depth (inches):
Water Table Present? Yes ® No ❑ Depth (inches): Spring at 8"
Saturation Present? Yes ® No ❑ Depth (inches): 0
Wetland Hydrology Present? Yes ® No ❑
includes ca illary fringe)
Describe Recorded Data (stream gauge, monitoring well, aerial photos, previous inspections), if available:
Remarks: Once sample plot was opened up to 14 inches, a spring was coming out into the excavated plot from the side wall at 8 inches.
Type: Concentrations, D=Depletion.
RM=Reduced Matrix. CXS=Covered or Coated Sand Grains.
Location: P1=Pore lining, RC=Root Channel, M=Matrix
Hydric Soil Indicators: (Applicable to all LRRs, unless otherwise noted.)
Indicators for Problematic Hydric Soils"'
❑ 2 cm Muck (Al 0)
❑ Red Parent Material (TF2)
❑ Other (Explain in Remarks 3
3Indicators of hydrophytic vegetation and
wetland hydrology must be present, unless
disturbed orproblematic,
❑ Histosol (Al)
❑ Histic Epipedon (A2)
F1Black Histic (A3)
❑ Hydrogen Sulfide (A4)
❑ Depleted Below Dark Surface (Al 1)
❑ Thick Dark Surface (Al2)
❑ Sandy Mucky Mineral (S 1)
❑ Sandy Gleyed Matrix (S4)
Lj Sandy Redox (SS)
❑ Stripped Matrix (S6)
® Loamy Mucky Mineral (Fl) (except MLRA 1)
❑ Loamy Gleyed Matrix (F2)
❑ Depleted Matrix (173)
❑ Redox Dark Surface (F6)
❑ Depleted Dark Surface (F7)
❑ Redox Depressions (178)
Restrictive Layer (if present):
Type:
Dept (inches):_
Hydric Soil Present? Yes ® No ❑
Remarks:
HYDROLOGY
Wetland Hydrology Indicators
11rimar Indicators minimum of one required. check all that a I
Second Indi ators 2 or more r uired
❑ Surface Water (Al)
❑ Water -Stained Leaves (B9) (except
Water Stained Leaves (139) (MRLA 1, 2,
❑ High Water Table (A2)
MLRA 1, 2,4A, and 4B)
4A and 4B)
❑ Saturation (A3)
❑ Salt Crust (B11)
❑ Drainage Patterns (B10)
❑ Water Marks (B 1)
❑ Aquatic Invertebrates (B 13)
❑ Dry -Season Water Table (C2)
❑ Sediment Deposits (B2)
❑ Hydrogen Sulfide Odor (C1)
❑ Saturation Visible on Aerial Imagery
❑ Drift Deposits (133)
❑ Oxidized Rhizospheres along Living Roots (0)
(C9)
❑ Algal Mat or Crust (114)
® Presence of Reduced Iron (C4)
❑ Geomorphic Position (D2)
❑ Iron Deposits (115)
❑ Recent Iron Reduction in tilled Soils (C6)
❑ Shallow Aquitard (D3)
❑ Surface Soil Cracks (B6)
❑ Stunted or Stressed Plants (DI') (LRR A)
❑ FAC=Neutral Test (135)
❑ Inundation Visible on Aerial Imagery (137)
❑ Other (Explain in remarks)
❑ Raised Ant Mounds (136) (LRR A)
❑ Sparsely Vegetated concave Surface (B8)
❑ Frost -Heave Hummocks (D7)
Field Observations
Surface Water Present? Yes ❑ No ® Depth (inches):
Water Table Present? Yes ® No ❑ Depth (inches): Spring at 8"
Saturation Present? Yes ® No ❑ Depth (inches): 0
Wetland Hydrology Present? Yes ® No ❑
includes ca illary fringe)
Describe Recorded Data (stream gauge, monitoring well, aerial photos, previous inspections), if available:
Remarks: Once sample plot was opened up to 14 inches, a spring was coming out into the excavated plot from the side wall at 8 inches.
US Army Corps cit' Engineers Western Mountains, Valleys and Coast — Version 2.0
WETLAND DETERMINATION DATA FORM — Western Mountains, Valleys and Coast Regions
Project/Site: Parcel # 901255001
City/County: Chimacum, WA
Sam lin Date: 4/15/2019
Applicant/Owner: . Lei h Senna
State: WA
Sampling Point: U Plot I
Investigator(s): Meehan-Roulst Wetland Consulting/Kim Meehan-
Roulst
Section, Township, Range: S25, T29N, RIW, 1/4S SEI/4
Landform hillslp e, terrace etc). Slope 7.5%
Local relief concave, convex, none : Concave Sla a°/a 5-10°/0
Subregion (LRR): North West Forest Lat: 47de
58'13.75"N Lone: 122de 44'20.10"W I Datum: NAD 83
Soil Map Unit Name: Cassolary sangy loam 15-30%
1 N WI classification: Herbaceous
Are climatic / hydrologic conditions on (lie site typical for this time of ear? Yes No If no, explain in Remarks.)
Are vegetation Lj, Soil Lj, or Hydrology
significantly disturbed?
Are "Normal Circumstances" resent? Yes 0 Na
Are ve elation Lj, Soil Lj, or ljydrokogy
Lj natumlly problemalic?
If needed, ex lain any answers in Remarks
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS —Attach site map showing samplinit point locations, transects, Important features, etc
t"lVetland
Iydrophytic Vegetation Present? Yes ® No ❑ Is the Sampled Area
ydric Soil Present? Yes ❑ No ® Within a Wetland? Yes ❑ No
Hvdrolov-v Present? Yes ❑ No
Remarks:
VEGETATION —Use scientific names of plans
Absolute
Trees Stratum 30' Radius lot size: o/ er
Dominant
S2gAps?
Indicator
Dominance Test worksheet:
Number of Dominant Species That Are
OBL, FACW, or FAC:
(A) 3
1.
2.
3.
Total; Number of dominant
Species Across All Strata:
(13) 3
4.
5.
Percent of Dominant Species
That Are OBL, FCW, or FAC:
(A/B) 100%
% Canopy= Total Cover
Prevalence Index worksheet:
Tpeal °/
QCover of Multiply by:
S$plinEl$llruh_Stratum (Plot size)
1.
OBL species
X 1 =
2.
FACW species
X2=
3.
FAC species
X3=
4.
FACU species
X4=
5.
UPL Species
X5=
4.
Column totals
(A)
T(B)
5..
Prevalence index = B/A =
=Total Cover
Hydrophytic Vegetation Indicators:
❑ 1. Rapid Test for Hydrophytic Vegetation
® 2.Dominance Test is >50%
❑ 3. Prevalence Index is <3.0' 3.os
❑ 4. Morphological Adaptations' (Provide
supporting data in Remarks or on a separate
sheet)
❑ 5. Wetland Non -Vascular Plants'
❑ Problematic Hydrophytic Vegetation'
(Explain)
'Indicators of hydric soil and wetland hydrology must
be present.
Hydrophytic
Vegetation
Present? Yes ® No ❑
Herb Str um Plot size:) 1M
1. Byrophyta species, ground Moss
30
Yes
NA-
FACW
2. Rubus armeniacus
20
YES
FAC
3. Urtica dioica
30
YES
FAC
4.
T
5'
6.
7
8.
9.
80%=Total Cover
Waadv Vine Stratum Plot size:
1.
2
Total Cover
—
L 0
% Bare Ground in Herb Stratum 20%
Remarks:
U3 Army Corps of Engineers
SOIL
Western Mountains, Valleys and Coast — Version 2.0
Sam lin Point: Up Plot 1
Profile Description: (Describe t o the depth needed to document the indicators or confirm the absence of indicators)
Depth
Matrix
Redox Features
(inches)
Textures
Remarks
Color (moist)
%
Color (moist)
%
Type'Loc
0-6"
10YR3/4
100
L
Dark yellowish brown loam, course angular blocky
structure, common fine roots and few medium roots,
smooth boundary
6-12"
10YR3/3
100
FSL
Dark brown fine sandy loam, medium angular blocky
structure, smooth boundary
12-16"
10YR4/2
100
GSL
Dark grayish brown gravelly sandy loams, weak sub
an ular blocky structure.
Type: C=Concentrations, D=Depletion. RM=Reduced Matrix. CXS=Covered or Coated Sand Grains. Location: P1=Pore lining, RC=Root
Channel, M=Matrix
Hydric Soil Indicators: (Applicable to all LRRs,
unless otherwise noted.)
Indicators for Problematic Hydric Soils3'
❑ 2 cm Muck (A10)
Histosol (Al)
❑ Sandy Redox (SS)
❑ Histic Epipedon (A2)
❑ Stripped Matrix (S6)
❑ Red Parent Material (TF2)
❑ Black Histic (A3)
❑ Loamy Mucky Mineral (F1) (except MLRA 1)
❑ Other (Explain in Remarks
❑ Hydrogen Sulfide (A4)
❑ Loamy Gleyed Matrix (F2)
❑ Depleted Below Dark Surface (Al l)
[:3 Thick Dark Surface (Al2)
❑ Depleted Matrix (F3)
El Redox Dark Surface (F6)
;Indicators of hydrophytic vegetation and
❑ Sandy Mucky Mineral (S1)
❑ Depleted Dark Surface (177)
wetland hydrology must be present, unless
❑Sand Glc ed Matrix S4
❑ Redox Depressions F8
disturbed or problematic.
Restrictive Layer (if present):
V
Type:
Hydric Soil Present? Yes ❑ No
Depth (inches):
Remarks:
HYDROLOGY
Wetland Hydrology Indicators
Pri:Hary Indicators [minimum of
❑ Surface Water (Al)
❑ High Water Table (A2)
❑ Saturation (A3)
❑ Water Marks (B1)
❑ Sediment Deposits (132)
❑ Drift Deposits (133)
❑ Algal Mat or Crust (134)
❑ Iron Deposits (135)
❑ Surface Soil Cracks (136)
❑ Inundation Visible on Aerial Imagery (137)
❑ Sparsely Vegetated concave Surface (118)
Field Observations
Surface Water Present?
Water Table Present?
Saturation Present?
Yes ❑
Yes ❑
❑ Water -Stained Leaves (139) (except
MLRA 1, 2,4A, and 4B)
❑ Salt Crust (BI t)
❑ Aquatic Invertebrates (1313)
❑ Hydrogen Sulfide Odor (C1)
❑ Oxidized Rhizospheres along Living Roots (0)
❑ Presence of Reduced Iron (C4)
❑ Recent Iron Reduction in tilled Soils (C6)
❑ Stunted or Stressed Plants (DI') (LRR A)
❑ Other (Explain in remarks)
No ® Depth (inches):
No ® Depth (inches):
2 or more
Water Stained Leaves (139) (MRLA 1, 2,
4A and 4111)
❑ Drainage Patterns (B10)
❑ Dry -Season Water Table (C2)
❑ Saturation Visible on Aerial Imagery
(C9)
❑ Geomorphic Position (D2)
❑ Shallow Aquitard (D3)
❑ FAC=Neutral Test (D5)
❑ Raised Ant Mounds (D6) (LRR A)
❑ Frost -Heave Hummocks (D7)
Yes ❑ No ® Depth (inches): I Wetland Hydrology Present? Yes ❑ No
Describe Recorded Data (stream gauge, monitoring well, aerial photos, previous inspections), if available:
Remarks: Soils are fine sandy loams. Site visit was two days after heavy rains. There is a under ground spring that starts mid way on the hills side.
Spring was at the wetland plot coming in at 8 inches below soil surface from side wall. Upland soil pit was opened up, water was filling the hole at 14
inches below the soil surface and there was no mottling present in high chromas (greater than 2) soils.
US Army Corps of Engineers Western Mountains, Valleys and Coast — Version 2.0
APPENDIX C
FIGURES FOR WESTERN WASHINGTON RATING SHEETS
Parcel 901255001 Beaver Valley 14
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I
APPENDIX D
WESTERN WASHINGTON WETLAND RATING FORMS, 2014
Parcel 901255001 Beaver Valley 15
Wetland name or number
RATING SUMMARY — Western Washingt n�
�
Name of we (or ID #): • Date of site visit: l
Rated by ' f i '' , +6rained by Ecology Yes =No Date of training
HGM Class used for rating , i)Wetland has multiple HGM classes? _Y,N
NOTE: Form is not complete without t flguresrequieV(figures can be cvmbi d� '
Source of base aerial photo/map ;• r" '4' d
OVERALL WETLAND CATEGORY (based on functions or special characteristics,)
1. Category of wetland based on FUNCTIONS
Category I — Total score = 23 - 27
Category II — Total score = 20 - 22
Category III — Total score = 16 - 19
Category IV —Total score = 9 - 15
FUNCTION Improving
Water Quality
Hydrologic
Habitat
I Il[
Circle the appropriate ratings
Site Potential
H M (L)
H M L ;l
H L
Landscape Potential
H M) L
H M l ':
H L
Value
H {M L
H M L f
H L
TOTAL
Score Based on
(Ratings
...
d`
2. Category based on SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS of wetland
CHARACTERISTIC
CATEGORY
Estuarine
I Il[
Wetland of High Conservation Value
I
Bog
I
Mature Forest
I
Old Growth Forest
I
Coastal Lagoon
I II
Interdunal
I Il III IV
None of the above
Wetland Rating System for Western WA: 2014 Update
Rating Form - Effective January 1, 2015
Score for each
function based
on three
ratings
(order of ratings
is not
important)
9 = H, H, H
8 = H,H,M
7 = H,H,L
7 = H,M,M
6 = H,M,L
6 = M,M,M
5 = H,L,L
5 = M,M,L
4 = M,L,L
3=L,L,L
Wetland name or number
Maps and figures required to answer questions correctly for
Western Washington
Denressional Wetlands
Map of:
To answerquestions: Figure #
Cowardin plant classes
D 1.3, H 1.1, H 1.4
Hydroperiods
D 1.4, H 1.2
Location of outlet (can be added to map of hydro eriods)
D 1.1, D 4.1
Boundary of area within 150 ft of the wetland (can be added to onotherfi ure)
D 2.2, D 5.2
Map of the contributing basin
D 4.3, D 5.3
1 km Polygon: Area that extends 1 km from entire wetland edge - including
polygons for accessible habitat and undisturbed habitat
H 2.1, H 2.2, H 2.3
Screen capture of map of 303(d) listed waters in basin (from Ecology website)
D 3.1, D 3.2
Screen capture of list ofTMDLs for WRIA in which unit is found (from web)
D 3.3
Riverine Wetlands
Map of:
To answerquestions:
Figure #
Cowardin plant classes
H 1.1, H 1.4
L 1.2
Hydroperiods
H 1.2
1 km Polygon: Area that extends 1 km from entire wetland edge - including
polygons for accessible habitat and undisturbed habitat
Ponded depressions
R 1.1
L 3.1,_L 3.2
Boundary of area within 150 ft of the wetland (can be added to another figure)
R 2.4
Plant cover of trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants
R 1.2, R 4.2
Width of unit vs. width of stream (can be added to another figure)
R 4.1
Map of the contributing basin
R 2.2, R 2.3, R 5.2
1 km Polygon: Area that extends 1 km from entire wetland edge - including
polygons for accessible habitat and undisturbed habitat
H 2.1, H 2.2, H 2.3
Screen capture of map of 303(d) listed waters in basin (from Ecology website)
R 3.1
Screen capture of list of TMDLs for WRIA in which unit Is found (from web)
R 3.2, R 3.3
Lake Fringe Wetlands
Map of:
To answerquestions: Figure #
Cowardin plant classes
L 1.1, L 4.1, H 1.1, H 1.4
Plant cover of trees, shrubs, and herbaceous lants
L 1.2
Boundary of area within 150 ft of the wetland can be added to another fl ure
L 2.2
1 km Polygon: Area that extends 1 km from entire wetland edge - including
polygons for accessible habitat and undisturbed habitat
H 2.1, H 2.2, H 2.3
Screen capture of map of 303(d) listed waters in basin (from Ecology website)
L 3.1,_L 3.2
Screen capture of list of TMDLs for WRIA in which unit is found (from web)
_
L 3.3 ^
Slope Wetlands
Map of:
To answer_questions:
Figure #
Cowardin plant classes
H 1.1, H 1.4
Hydroperiods
H 1.2
Plant cover of dense trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants
S1.3
Plant cover of dense, rigid trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants
(can be added to figure above)
S4.1
Boundary of 150 ft buffer (can be added to another figure)
S 2.1, S 5.1
1 km Polygon: Area that extends 1 km from entire wetland edge - including
olygons for accessible habitat and undisturbed habitat
H 2.1, H 2.2, H 2.3
Screen capture of map of 303(d) listed waters in basin (from Ecology website)
S 3.1, S 3.2
Screen capture of list of TMDIs for WRIA in which unit is found (from web)
S3.3
Wetland Rating System for Western WA: 2014 Update
Rating Form - Effective January 1, 2015
Wetland name or number
HGM Classification of Wetlands in Western Washington
For questions 1-7, the criteria described must apply to the entire unit being rated.
If the hydrologic criteria listed in each question do not apply to the entire unit being rated, you
probably have a unit with multiple HGM classes. In this case, identify which hydrologic criteria in
questions 1-7 apply, and go to Question 8.
1. Are the water levels in the entire unit usually controlled by tides except during floods?
1 go to 2 YES - the wetland class is Tidal Fringe - go to 1.1
1.:1 Is the salinity of the water during periods of annual low flow below 0.5 ppt (parts per thousand)?
NO - Saltwater Tidal Fringe (Estuarine) YES - Freshwater Tidal Fringe
Ifyour wetland can be classified as a Freshwater Tidal Fringe use the forms for Riverine wetlands. If it
is Saltwater Tidal Fringe it is an Estuarine wetland and is not scored. This method cannot be used to
score functions for estuarine wetlands.
2. The entire wetland unit is flat and precipitation is the only source (>90%) of water to it. Groundwater
and surface water runoff are NOT sources of water to the unit.
go to 3 YES - The wetland class is Flats
77fyddur wetland can be classified as a Flats wetland, use the form for Depressional wetlands.
3. Does the entire wetland unit meet all of the following criteria?
—The vegetated part of the wetland is on the shores of a body of permanent open water (without any
plants on the surface at any time of the year) at least 20 ac (8 ha) in size;
_,At least 30% of the open water area is deeper than 6.6 ft (2 m).
NO -go to 4 YES - The wetland class is Lake Fringe (Lacustrine Fringe)
4. the entire wetland unit meet all of the following criteria?
he wetland is on a slope (slope can be very gradual),
The water flows through the wetland in one direction (unidirectional) and usually comes from
S, It may flow subsurface, as sheetflow, or in a swale without distinct banks,
The water leaves the wetland without being impound d.
NO - go to 5 YES The wetland class is Slope
NOTE: Surface water does not pond in these type of wetlan s except occasionally in very small and
shallow depressions or behind hummocks (depressions are usually <3 ft diameter and less than 1 ft
deep).
S. Does the entire wetland unit meet all of the following criteria?
_The unit is in a valley, or stream channel, where it gets inundated by overbank flooding from that
stream or river,
_The overbank flooding occurs at least once every 2 years.
Wetland Rating System for Western WA: 2014 Update
Rating Form - Effective January 1, 2015
Wetland name or number
4=Jg:oThe to 6 YES - The wetland class is Riverine
Riverine unit can contain depressions that are filled with water when the river is not
flooding
6. is the entire wetland unit in a topographic depression in which water ponds, or is saturated to the
surface, at sometime during the year? This means that any outlet, if present, is higher than the interior
of the wetland.
N -- go to 7 YES - The wetland class is Depressional
7. s the entire wetland unit located in a very flat area with no obvious depression and no overbank
flooding? The unit does not pond surface water more than a few inches. The unit seems to be
maintained by high groundwater in the area. The wetland may be ditched, but has no obvious natural
outlet.
UOQ go to 8 YES - The wetland class is Depressionall
8. Your wetland unit seems to be difficult to classify and probably contains several different HGM
classes. For example, seeps at the base of a slope may grade into a riverine floodplain, or a small
stream within a Depressional wetland has a zone of flooding along its sides. GO BACK AND IDENTIFY
WHICH OF THE HYDROLOGIC REGIMES DESCRIBED IN QUESTIONS 1-7 APPLY TO DIFFERENT
AREAS IN THE UNIT (make a rough sketch to help you decide). Use the following table to identify the
appropriate class to use for the rating system if you have several HGM classes present within the
wetland unit being scored.
NOTE: Use this table only if the class that is recommended in the second column represents 10% or
more of the total area of the wetland unit being rated. If the area of the HGM class listed in column 2
is less than 10% of the unit; classify the wetland using the class that represents more than 90% of the
total area.
HGM classes within the wetland unit
being rated_
HGM class to
use in rating
Slope + Riverine _
Riverine
Slope + Depressional
Depressional
Slope + Lake Fringe
Lake Fringe
Depressional + Riverine along stream
within boundary of depression
Depressional
Depressional + Lake Fringe
Depressional
Riverine + Lake Fringe
Riverine
Salt Water Tidal Fringe and any other
class of freshwater wetland
Treat as
ESTUARINE
Ifyou are still unable to determine which of the above criteria apply to your wetland, or ifyou have
more than 2 HGM classes within a wetland boundary, classify the wetland as Depressional for the
rating.
Wetland Rating System for Western WA: 2014 Update 4
Rating Form - Effective January 1, 2015
Wetland name or number
SLOPE WETLANDS
Water Quality Functions - Indicators that the site functions to improve water quality
S 1.0. Does the site have the potential to improve water quality?
S 2.2. Are there other sources of pollutants coming into the wetland tk at are not listed in question S 2.17 - .,..
Other sources Yes =1 No = 0
S 1.1. Characteristics of the average slope of the wetland: (a 1% slope has a 1 ft vertical drop in elevation forevery
Total for S 2 Add the points in the boxes above
100 ft of horizontal distance)
Total for S 3 Add the points in the boxes above
Slope is 1% or less points = 3
Slope is > 1%-2% points = 2
Slope is > 2%-5% i ' points =_1
Slope is greater than 5% points = 6!
f,
S 1.2. The soil 2 in below the surfs a for dua jay4r)Is true clay or true organic (use NRCS definitions): Yes = 3 No = 0
S 1.3. Characteristics of the plants in the wetland that trap sediments and pollutants:
Choose the points appropriate for the description that best fits the plants in the wetland. Dense means you
have trouble seeing the soil surface (>75% cover), and uncut means not grazed or mowed and plants are higher
than 6 in.
Dense, uncut, herbaceous plants > 90% of the wetland area points = 6
Dense, uncut, herbaceous plants > Y2 of area iolnts_= 3!
Dense, woody, plants > Y2 of area points = 2
Dense, uncut, herbaceous plants > % of area points =1
Does not meet any of the criteria above for plants points = 0
Total for S 1 Add the points In the boxes above
Rating of Site Potential If score is: -12 = H _6-11= M � -5 = L Record the rating on the first page
S 2.0. Does the landscape have the potential to support the water quality function of the site?
S 2.1. Is > 10% of the area within 150 ft on the uphill side of the wetland in land uses that generate pollutants?
Yes =1 "No= 0 ?'
i
S 2.2. Are there other sources of pollutants coming into the wetland tk at are not listed in question S 2.17 - .,..
Other sources Yes =1 No = 0
,
Total for S 2 Add the points in the boxes above
Total for S 3 Add the points in the boxes above
Rating of Landscape Potential If score Is:1-2 = M _0 = L
Record the rating on the first page
S 3.0. Is the water quality improvement provided by the site valuable to society?
S 3.1. Does the wetland discharge dily (i.e., withi 1 mi) to a stream,ver, laky, or marine water that is on the
303(d) list? " �, 1 I r Yes = 1 ❑= 0 y
i
S 3.2. Is the wetland in a basin or sub -basin wliere water quality isan.lssue? At least one aquatic resource in the basin is
on the 303(d) list. Yes = 1 No = 0
5 3.3. Has the site been identified in a watershed or local plan as important for maintaining water quality?Answer YES
if there is a TMDL for the basin in which unit is found. ', Yes = 2 'No = 0
Total for S 3 Add the points in the boxes above
Rating of Value If score is:_2-4=H _V_1= M _0 = L Record the rating on the first page
S� 11.k .r t
Wetland Rating System for Western WA: 2014 Update 11
Rating Form - Effective January 1, 2015
Wetland name or number
SLOPE WETLANDS
Hydrologic Functions - Indicators that the site functions to reduce flooding and stream erosion
S 4.0. Does the site have the potential to reduce flooding and stream erosion?
S 4.1. Characteristics of plants that reduce the velocity of surface flows during storms: Choose the points appropriate
for the description that best fits conditions in the wetland. Stems of plants should be thick enough (usually > 1/8
in), or dense enough, to remain erect during surface flows.
Dense, uncut, rigid plants cover n 90% of the area of the wetland' � points =1
All other conditionspoints = 0
Rating of Site Potential If score is: _1= M 0 = L Record the rating on the first page
S 5.0. Does the landscape have the potential to support the hydrologic functions of the site?
S 5.1. Is more than 25% of the area within 150 ft upslope of wetland inland uses or cover that generate excess
surface runoff? Yes =1 No
Rating of Landscape Potential If score is: _1= M �0 = L
Record the rating on the first page
S 6.0. Are the hydrologic functions provided by the site valuable to society?
S6.1. Distance to the nearest areas downstream that have flooding problems:
The sub -basin immediately down -gradient of site has flooding problems that result in damage to human or
natural resources (e.g., houses or salmon redds) points = 2
Surface flooding problems are in a sub -basin farther down -gradient, p .� points =1
No flooding problems anywhere downstream e ?, ,. �; > points = 0 ;
S 6.2. Has the site been identified as important for flood storage or flood conveyance In a regiods ood control plan?
Yes = 2 No = 0
Total for S 6 Add the points In the boxes above
Rating of Value If score is: 2-4 = H 1=M q�, =L Record the rating on the first page
NOTES and FIELD OBSERVATIONS:
Wetland Rating System for Western WA: 2014 Update 12
Rating Form - Effective January 1, 2015
Wetland name or number
These questions apply to wetlands of all MGM classes.
HABITAT FUNCTIONS - Indicators that site functions to provide important habitat
H 1.0. Does the site have the potential to provide habitat?
H 1.1. Structure of plant community: Indicators are Cowardin classes and strata within the forested class. Check the
Cowardin plant classes in the wetland. Up to 10 patches may be combined for each class to meet the threshold
of /. oc or more than 10% of the unit if it is smaller than 2.5 ac. Add the number of structures checked.
Aquatic bed 4 structures or more: points = 4
Emergent 3 structures: points = 2
Scrub -shrub (areas where shrubs have > 30% cover) ?.structures: points = 1
Forested (areas where trees have > 30% cover) 1 structure: points = 0
if the unit has a forested class, check if.•
The Forested class has 3 out of 5 strata (canopy, sub -canopy, shrubs, herbaceous, moss/ground-cover)
that each cover 20% within the Forested polygon
H 1.2. Hydroperiods
Check the types of water regimes (hydroperiods) present within the wetland. The water regime has to cover
more than 10% of the wetland or Y4 ac to count (see text for descriptions of hydroperiods).
Permanently flooded or inundated 4 or more types present: points = 3
Seasonally flooded or inundated 3 types present: points = 2
Occasionally flooded or inundated 2 types present: points =1
Saturated only 1 type present: points = 0
Permanently flowing stream or river In, or adjacent to, the wetland
Seasonally flowing stream in, or adjacent to, the wetland
Lake Fringe wetland 2 points
Freshwater tidal wetland 2 points
H 1.3. Richness of plant species
Count the number of plant species in the wetland that cover at least 10 ft2.
Different patches of the some species can be combined to meet the size threshold and you do not have to name
the species. Do not Include Eurasian milfoil, reed canarygrass, purple loosestrife, Canadian thistle
If you counted: > 19 species points = 2
5 -19 species points =1'°:
< 5 species points = 0
H 1.4. Interspersion of habitats
Decide from the diagrams below whether interspersion among Cowardin plants classes (described in H 1.1); or
the classes and unvegetated areas (can include open water or mudflats) is high, moderate, low, or none. If you
have four or more plant classes or three classes and open water, tf re {acing is always high.
1 '01
0 /L g
None = 0 points Low =1 point Moderate = 2 points
All three diagrams
in this row
are HIGH = 3points
Wetland Rating System for Western WA: 2014 Update 13
Rating Form - Effective January 1, 2015
Wetland name or number
H 1.5. Special habitat features:
H 2.1. Accessible habitat (include only habitat that directly abuts wetland unit).
Chejck the habitat features that are present In the wetland. The number of checks is the number of points.
Calculate: % undisturbed habitat "+ [(% moderate and tT"': ntensity land uses)/2]
T Large, downed, woody debris within the wetland (> 4 in diameter and 6 It long).
If total accessible habitat is: r
_. ._5tanding snags (dbh > 4 in) within the wetland
-
13 (33.3%) of 1 km Polygon points = 3
Undercut banks are present for at least 6.6 ft (2 m) and/or overhanging plants extends at least 3.3 ft (1 m)
20-33% of 1 km Polygon points = 2
over a stream (or ditch) in, or contiguous with the wetland, for at least 33 ft (10 m)
10-19% of 1 km Polygon points =1 ?
Stable steep banks of fine material that might be used by beaver or muskrat for denning (> 30 degree
< 10% of 1 km Polygon points = 0
slope) OR signs of recent beaver activity are present (cut shrubs or trees that have not yet weathered
H 2.2. Undisturbed habitat in 1 km Polygon around the wetland.
where wood is exposed)
Calculate: % undisturbed habitat -i,-+ [(% moderate and low intensity land uses)/2
At least X ac of thin -stemmed persistent plants a woody branches are present In areas that are,
Undisturbed habitat > 50% of Polygon points = 3
permanently or seasonally inundated (structures for egg -toying by amphlbians),'. '
Undisturbed habitat 10-50% and in 1-3 patches points = 2
Invasive plants cover less than 25% of the wetland area in every stratum of plants (see H 1.1 for list of �. A
Undisturbed habitat 10-50% and > 3 patches points =1`i
strata)
Undisturbed habitat < 10% of 1 km Polygon points = 0
Total for H 1 Add the points in the boxes above
H 2.3. Land use intensity in 1 km Polygon: If—
Rating of Site Potential If score is:_15-18 = H -V-7-14 = M _0-6 = L Record the rating on the first page
H 2.0. Does the landscape have the potential to support the habitat functions of the site?
H 2.1. Accessible habitat (include only habitat that directly abuts wetland unit).
Calculate: % undisturbed habitat "+ [(% moderate and tT"': ntensity land uses)/2]
If total accessible habitat is: r
-
13 (33.3%) of 1 km Polygon points = 3
20-33% of 1 km Polygon points = 2
`
10-19% of 1 km Polygon points =1 ?
I
< 10% of 1 km Polygon points = 0
H 2.2. Undisturbed habitat in 1 km Polygon around the wetland.
Calculate: % undisturbed habitat -i,-+ [(% moderate and low intensity land uses)/2
Undisturbed habitat > 50% of Polygon points = 3
Undisturbed habitat 10-50% and in 1-3 patches points = 2
Undisturbed habitat 10-50% and > 3 patches points =1`i
Undisturbed habitat < 10% of 1 km Polygon points = 0
H 2.3. Land use intensity in 1 km Polygon: If—
> 50% of 1 km Polygon is high intensity land use points
5 50% of 1 km Polygon is high intensi points = 0
Total for H 2 Add the points in the boxes above
Rating of Landscape Potential If score is: _4-6=H . 1-3=M �< 1= L
Record the rating on the first page
H 3.0. Is the habitat provided by the site valuable to society?
H 3.1. Does the site provide habitat for species valued in laws, regulations, or policies? Choose only the highest score
that applies to the wetland being rated.
Site meets ANY of the following criteria: points = 2
It has 3 or more priority habitats within 100 m (see next page)
-- It provides habitat for Threatened or Endangered species (any plant or animal on the state or federal lists)
It is mapped as a location for an individual WDFW priority species
— It is a Wetland of High Conservation Value as determined by the Department of Natural Resources
— It has been categorized as an Important habitat site in a local or regional comprehensive plan, in a
Shoreline Master Plan, or in a watershed plan
Site has 1 or 2 priority habitats (listed on next page) within 100 m points = 1,
` t
Site does not meet any of the criteria above points = 0
Rating of Value If score is:�2 —1 = M _0 = L
Wetland Rating System for Western WA: 2014 Update
Rating Form - Effective January 1, 2015 s
Record the rating on the first page
14
`
Wetland name or number
WDFW Priority Habitats
F,[i2rixy habitats listed by WDFW (see complete descriptions of WDFW priority habitats, and the counties in which they can
be found, in: Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. 2008. Priority Habitat and Species List. Olympia, Washington.
177 pp. hi;�12;//wdfw.wa.gov puhllcatioiis/001651w cv tfw0} I65.pdf or access the list from here:
�1�/ Rt��f,�onser►+ationLnhsllistl]
Count how many of the following priority habitats are within 330 ft (100 m) of the wetland unit: NOTE. This question is
independent of the land use between the wetland unit and the priority habitat
— Aspen Stands: Pure or mixed stands of aspen greater than 1 ac (0.4 ha).
— Blodiversity Areas and Corridors: Areas of habitat that are relatively important to various species of native fish and
wildlife (full descriptions in WDFW PHS report).
-- Herbaceous Balds: Variable size patches of grass and (orbs on shallow soils over bedrock.
— Old-growth/Mature forests: Old-groyAh west of Cascade_crest - Stands of at least 2 tree species, forming a multi-
layered canopy with occasional small openings; with at least 8 trees/ac (20 trees/ha ) > 32 in (81 cm) dbh or > 200
years of age. Mature forests - Stands with average diameters exceeding 21 in (53 cm) dbh; crown cover may be less
than 100%; decay, decadence, numbers of snags, and quantity of large downed material is generally less than that
found in old-growth; 80-200 years old west of the Cascade crest.
— Oregon White Oak: Woodland stands of pure oak or oak/conifer associations where canopy coverage of the oak
mponent is important (full descriptions In WDFW PHS report p.158 - see web link above).
07
Riparian: The area adjacent to aquatic systems with flowing water that contains elerneuts of
both aquatic and
terrestrial ecosystems which mutually influence each other.
— Westside Prairies: Herbaceous, non -forested plant communities that can either take the form of a dry prairie or a wet
prairie (full descriptions in WDFW PHS report p. 161- see web link above).
— lnstream: The combination of physical, biological, and chemical processes and conditions that interact to provide
functional life history requirements for instream fish and wildlife resources.
— Nearshore: Relatively undisturbed nearshore habitats. These include Coastal Nearshore, Open Coast Nearshore, and
Puget Sound Nearshore. (full descriptions of habitats and the definition of relatively undisturbed are in WDFW report -
see web link on previous page).
— Caves: A naturally occurring cavity, recess, void, or system of interconnected passages under the earth in soils, rock,
ice, or other geological formations and is large enough to contain a human.
— Cliffs: Greater than 25 ft (7.6 m) high and occurring below 5000 ft elevation.
— Talus: Homogenous areas of rock rubble ranging in average size 0.5 - 6.5 ft (0.15 - 2.0 m), composed of basalt, andesite,
and/or sedimentary rock, including riprap slides and mine tailings. May be associated with cliffs.
— Snags and Logs: Trees are considered snags if they are dead or dying and exhibit sufficient decay characteristics to
enable cavity excavation/use by wildlife. Priority snags have a diameter at breast height of > 20 in (51 cm) in western
Washington and are > 6.5 ft (2 m) in height. Priority logs are > 12 in (30 cm) in diameter at the largest end, and > 20 ft
(6 m) long.
Note: All vegetated wetlands are by definition a priority habitat but are not included in this list because they are addressed
elsewhere.
Wetland Rating System for Western WA: 2014 Update 15
Rating Form - Effective January 1, 2015
Wetland name or number
CATEGORIZATION BASED ON SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS
Wetland Type
Category
Check off any criteria that apply to the wetland. Grcle the category when the appropriate criteria are met.
SC 1.0. Estuarine wetlands
Does the wetland meet the following criteria for Estuarine wetlands?
— The dominant water regime is tidal,
— Vegetated, and
— With a salini greater than 0.5 ppt Yes -Go to SC 1.1 No= of an estuarine wetland
SC 1.1. Is the wetland within a National Wildlife Refuge, National Park, National Est eserve, Natural Area
T
Preserve, State Park or Educational, Environmental, or Scientific Reserve designated under332-30-151?
Yes= CategoryI No - o to SC 1.2
Cat. I
SC 1.2. Is the wetland unit at least 1 ac in size and meets at least two of the following three conditi __
–
—The wetland is relatively undisturbed (has no diking, ditching, filling, cultivation, grazing, and has less
than 10% cover of non-native plant species. (If non-native species are Spartina, see page 25)
Cat. I
—At least % of the landward edge of the wetland has a 100 ft buffer of shrub, forest, or un -grazed or un -
mowed grassland.
—The wetland has at least two of the following features: tidal channels, depressions wit .ppen water, or
Cat. II
contiguous freshwater wetlands. Yes= CategoryI No =Category II
SC 2.0. Wetlands of High Conservation Value (WHCV)
SC 2.1. Has the WA Department of Natural Resources updated their website to include the list ofrkands of High
Conservation Value? Yes - Go to SC 2.2 o Go to SC 2.3
Cat. I
SC 2.2. Is the wetland listed on the WDNR database as a Wetland of High Conservation Value?
Yes = Category I No Not a WHCV
SC 2.3. Is the wetland in a Section/Township/Range that contains a Natural Heritage wetland?
http:/lwwwl. dnr.wa.gov/nhp/refdesk/datasearchZwnhpwettands.pdf
Yes - Contact WNHP/WDNR and go to SC 2.4 No Not a WHCV
SC 2.4. Has WDNR identified the wetland within the S/T/R as a Wetland of"High Conservation Vain d listed it on
their website? Yes = Category I o P40t a WHCV
SC 3.0. Bogs
Does the wetland (or any part of the unit) meet both the criteria for soils and vegetation in bogs? Use the key
below. If you answer YES you will still need to rate the wetland based on its functions.
SC 3.1. Does an area within the wetland unit have organic soil horizons, either pests or mucks, th pose 16 in or
more of the first 32 in of the soil profile? Yes - Go to SC 3.3 1Vo Go to SC 3.2
SC 3.2. Does an area within the wetland unit have organic soils, either peats or mucks, that are ie � n 16 In deep
over bedrock, or an impermeable hardpan such as clay or volcanic ash, or that are floating o of a lake or
pond? Yes - Go to SC 3.3 No = Is not a bog
o
SC 3.3. Does an area with peats or mucks have more than 70% cover of mosses at ground level, A D -at` east a 30/
cover of plant species listed in Table 4? Yes = Is a Category I bog No - Go to SC 3.4
NOTE: If you are uncertain about the extent of mosses in the understory, you may substitute that criterion by
measuring the pH of the water that seeps into a hole dug at least 16 in deep. If the pH is less than 5.0 and the
plant species in Table 4 are present, the wetland is a bog.
Cat. I
SC 3.4. Is an area with peats or mucks forested (> 30% cover) with Sitka spruce, subalpine fir, western red cedar,
western hemlock, lodgepole pine, quaking aspen, Engelmann spruce, or western white pine, AND any of the
species (or combination of species) listed In Table 4 provide more than 30% of the cover under the canopy?
Yes = Is a Category I bog No = Is not a bog
Wetland Rating System for Western WA: 2014 Update 16
Rating Form - Effective January 1, 2015
Wetland name or number
SC 4.0. Forested Wetlands
Does the wetland have at least 1 contlauous acre of forest that meets one of these criteria for the WA
Department of Fish and Wildlife's forests as priority habitats? If you answer YES you will still need to rate
the wetland based on its functions.
— Old-growth forests (west of Cascade crest): Stands of at least two tree species, forming a multi -layered
canopy with occasional small openings; with at least 8 trees/ac (20 trees/ha) that are at least 200 years of
age OR have a diameter at breast height (dbh) of 32 in (81 cm) or more.
— Mature forests (west of the Cascade Crest): Stands where the largest trees are 80- 200 years old OR the
species that make up the canopy have an average diameter (dbh) exceeding 21 in (53 cm).
Yes= Category I + No := Not a forested wetland for this section
Cat. l
SC 5.0. Wetlands in Coastal Lagoons
Does the wetland meet all of the following criteria of a wetland in a coastal lagoon?
— The wetland lies in a depression adjacent to marine waters that is wholly or partially separated from
marine waters by sandbanks, gravel banks, shingle, or, less frequently, rocks
—The lagoon in which the wetland is located contains ponded water that is saline or brackish (> 0.5 ppt)
during most of the year In at least a portion of the lagoon (needs to be measured near the bottom)
Cat. I
Yes - Go to SC 5.1 [No := Not a wetland in a coastal lagoon
SC 5.1.'Does the wetland meet all of the following three conditions? 4
—The wetland is relatively undisturbed (has no diking, ditching, filling, cultivation, grazing), and has less
than 20% cover of aggressive, opportunistic plant species (see list of species on p. 100).
Cat. II
— At least'/ of the landward edge of the wetland has a 100 ft buffer of shrub, forest, or un -grazed or un -
mowed grassland.
— The wetland is larger than Vii ac (4350 ft')
Yes = Category I Noy Category 11
SC 6.0. Interdunal Wetlands
Is the wetland west of the 1889 line (also called the Western Boundary of Upland Ownership or WBUO)? If
you answer yes you will still need to rate the wetland based on Its habitat functions.
In practical terms that means the following geographic areas:
— Long Beach Peninsula: Lands west of SR 103
— Grayland-Westport: Lands west of SR 105
Cat I
— Ocean Shores-Copalis: Lands west of SR 115 and SR 109
Yes - Go to SC 6.1 No)
o not an interdunal wetland for rating
SC 6.1. Is the wetland 1 ac or larger and scores an 8 or 9 for the habitat functions on the form (rates H,H,H or H,H,M
Cat. If
for the three aspects of function)? Yes = Category 1 No -Go to SC 6.2
SC 6.2. Is the wetland 1 ac or larger, or is it in a mosaic of wetlands that Is 1 ac or larger?
Yes = Category If No - Go to SC 6.3
Cat. III
SC 6.3. Is the unit between 0.1 and 1 ac, or is it In a mosaic of wetlands that is between 0.1 and 1 ac?
Yes = Category III No = Category IV
Cat. IV
Category of wetland based on Special Characteristics
s,.
If you answered No for all types, enter "Not Applicable" on Summary Form
\ u
Wetland Rating System for Western WA: 2014 Update 17
Rating Form - Effective January 1, 2015
APPENDIX E
APPROACH AND METHODS
Parcel 901255001 Beaver Valley 16
APPROACH AND METHODS
CRITICAL AREA DETERMINATION. DELINEATION & CLASSIFICATION:
Wetland boundary is marked every 25' with 3" x 5" orange plastic wire whips. The whips have the station
numbers for surveying, the date the boundary was established and the lettering M-R.W.C. indicating Meehan-
Roulst Wetland consulting as the principal contractor. Each wetland whip has an orange wetland boundary ribbon
attached to it. In addition, in forested and shrubby areas there is wetland flagging hung at near eye level for
guidance to the next wetland station.
WETLAND DELINEATION BASED ON: 1987 Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual and the Regional
Supplement to the Wetland Delineation 1987 Manual for Western Mountains, Valleys, and Coast Region
(Version 2) updated in 2010.
Wetland Determination
Two levels of information were gathered to do a routine wetland determination. These included:
a) Review of preliminary site data and,
b) On-site investigation to determine the presence of wetlands and non wetland waters.
a) A review of existing information was conducted to develop background knowledge of physical
features, and to identify the potential for wetland occurrence on the subject property. The
resource documents available for preliminary review of the site conditions included: USDA Soil
Conservation Service (SCS), "Soil Survey of Jefferson County Area Washington", 2013 and
1994, Jefferson County aerial photography, and Jefferson County Planning Department data.
b) During the on-site investigation, wetland areas were determined and verified on the basis of three
parameters: Hydrophytic Vegetation, Hydric Soils, and Wetland Hydrology, as recommended in the Regional
Supplement to the Corps of Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual: Western Mountains, Valleys and Coast
Region (Version 2.0), May 2010. Hydric soils are classified using Filed Indicators of Hydric Soils in the United
States, Version 7.0, 2010.
Aosp itive wetland determination is made when all three parameters are present, or in certain situations
determined following the guidelines recommended in wetland determination procedures, or for atypical situations
or problem areas.
c) The wetland was classified as to type (category) by using the Washington State wetland rating system
for western Washington -October -2014. Effective January 2015, Washington State Department of Ecology's
Publication No. 03-06-029 and applicable Rating Forms Effective January 1, 2015,
Parcel 901255001 Beaver Valley 17
Hydronitytie Vegetation
Areas where more than 50% of the dominant species present from all strata are hydrophytes (plants
adapted to growth and reproduction in saturated soil conditions) are considered to be inside the wetland boundary,
unless clear evidence of hydric soils or wetland hydrology cannot be established. A species is considered
dominant if it is equal to or greater than 20% areal cover, or exerts a controlling influence on, or defines the
character of a community. Hydrophytic vegetation is determined to be present, when under normal
circumstances:
More than 50% of the dominant plant species in a plant community have an indicator category of Obligate
Wetland (OBL), Facultative Wetland (FACW), and/or Facultative (FAC) as listed in "National List of Plant
Species that Occur in Wetlands: Northwest (Region 9)"
This Plant Indicator Status Categories system was developed for the USFWS National Wetlands Inventory by
Cowardin et al. (1979). The National Plant List Panel, Reed, Porter B., and Jr. modified it in 1988 and 1993. The
Wetland Indicator Category (WIC) used in this report refers to the plants Indicator Symbol as referred to in the
table below. There have been changes to the list since 1993. In 2016 the list was updated and was used for this
report.
National Indicators reflect the range of estimated probabilities (expressed as a frequency of occurrence) of a
species occurring in a wetland versus a non -wetland across the entire distribution of the species. )", Lichvar,
R.W., D.L. Banks, W.N. Kirchner, and N.C. Melvin. 2016,
The National Wetland Plant List. 2016 wetland ratings.
Phytoneuron 2016-30: 1-17. Published 28 April 2016, ISSN 2153 733X.
Percentages expressed as estimated probability.
Indicator Category
OBLIGATE WETLAND
PLANTS
Indicator Symbol
Definition
OBL Occur almost always, >99%
(estimated probability) in wetlands
Under natural conditions.
<1% in non wetlands.
FACULTATIVE WETLAND FACW Usually occur in wetlands, 67-99%,
PLANTS 1-33% in non -wetlands.
FACULTATIVE PLANTS FAC Equally likely to occur in wetlands,
non -wetlands 34-66%.
FACULTATIVE UPLAND
PLANTS
OBLIGATE UPLAND PLANTS
FACU Usually occur in non wetlands 67-99%,
but occasionally found in wetlands
1-33%
UPL Almost always occur in non -wetlands of
Northwest Region 9, >99%. <1%
in wetlands.
Parcel 901255001 Beaver Valley 18
Hydric Soils
There have been tremendous scientific changes since 1991 in several of the indicators such as the introduction of
aquic conditions to cover the requirements for saturation, reduction, and morphological indicators used to define
the modified aquic moisture regime, and mottles and low chroma colors being replaced by redoximorphic
features. Because of these changes, we consult the US Department of Agriculture, Natural Resource
Conservation Service. 2010. Field Indicators of Hydric Soils in the United States, Version 7.0". G. W. Hurt, L.
M. Vasilas . (eds.), USDA, NRCS, in cooperation with the National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils
guidance and decision in making final hydric soils determinations.
Field indicators of hydric soil conditions in this document, (Land Resource Region (LRR) A that includes
Western Washington), are presented here:
(1) ALL SOILS:
Al. Histosols;
A2. Histic Epipedons;
A4. Hydrogen sulfide;
A6. Organic Bodies;
A7. Mucky mineral;
A8. Muck Presence;
A10.2 cm Muck;
All. Depleted Below Dark Surface; and
Al2. Thick Dark Surface
(2) SANDY SOILS:
Sl. Sandy Mucky Mineral;
S4. Sandy Gleyed Matrix;
SS.Sandy Redox; and
S6. Stripped Matrix
(3) LOAMY AND CLAYEY SOILS:
Fl. Loamy Mucky Mineral;
F2. Loamy Gleyed Matrix;
F3. Depleted Matrix;
F6. Redox Dark Surface;
F7.Depleted Dark Surface; and
F8. Redox Depressions;
Wetland Hydrology
Water is the driving force for wetlands. Indications of wetland hydrology are those where the presence of
water has an overriding influence on characteristics of vegetation and soils due to anaerobic and reducing
conditions, respectively.
Areas that are seasonally saturated and/or inundated to the surface for a consecutive number of days for
more than 12.5% of the growing season are wetlands provided the soil and vegetation parameters are met. Areas
wet between 5% and 12% of the growing season in most years may or may not be wetlands. Areas saturated to
Parcel 901255001 Beaver Valley 19
the surface for less than 5% of the growing season are non -wetlands. Wetland hydrology exists if field indicators
are present.
Field indicators of wetland hydrology may include, but are not limited to visual observations of
inundation, ponding, soil saturation, oxidized root channels (rhizospheres) associated with living roots and
rhizomes, watermarks, drift lines, water -borne sediment deposition, or wetland drainage patterns.
The growing season starting and ending dates are required to evaluate hydrologic data. For wetland
determinations, the growing season is determined using the local SCS county soils surveys.
Generally, the growing season is calculated based on the "28 degrees F or lower" temperature threshold at a
frequency of "5 years in 10". For much of western Washington at low elevations, the mesic growing season
(March 1 to October 31) has been considered a good rule. However, in some areas of the Puget Sound Lowlands
and coastal areas the growing season occurs all year round because the soil temperature at 19.7 inches below the
soil surface is higher than 41 degrees F.
Plant Identification and Classification
Primary references used for scientific plant names and the endemic and non-native or exotic status of
plants to the North Olympic Peninsula were determined as found in FIora of the Pacific Northwest by Hitchcock
and Cronquist, Univ. of Washington Press, 1972. Other references referred to included: (1) A Field Guide to the
Common Wetland Plants of Western Washington & Northwestern Oregon by Sarah Spear Cooke, editor,
Washington Native Plant Society, May 1997; Wetland plants_ of Oregon _& Washington by Jennifer Guard, Lone
Pine Publishing, 1995; (2) Plants of the Pacific Northwest Coast- Washington, Oregon, British Columbia &
Alaska edited by Pojar and Mackinnon, D.C. Forest Service, Research Program, Lone Pine Publishing, 1994 and,
D.C. Forest Service, Research Program, Lone Pine Publishing, 1994; and (3) Northwest Weeds by Ronald J.
Taylor, Mountain Press Publishing Company, 1990
Parcel 901255001 Beaver Valley 20