HomeMy WebLinkAboutMLA19-00085 Hearing Examiner Decision - Code Interp. AppealNOTICE OF
JEFFERSON COUNTY HEARINGS EXAMINER DECISION
APPEAL OF A TYPE II DECISION
Date: March 24, 2020
The Jefferson County Hearing Examiner has submitted his written Findings,
Conclusions, and DECISION regarding the following application: MI -Al 9-00085
(ZON 19-00041).
Applicant: RICHARD BLEEK
P.O. BOX 65308
PORT LUDLOW WA 98365
Project Description: Appeal of Code Interpretation regarding if transient rental of a
townhome (30 days or less) is allowed within the Port Ludlow MPR-RC/CF (resort
complex/community facilities zone) zoning classification.
Parcel Identification Number: 968 600 028
Project Location: Parcel No. 968 600 028; Ludlow Bay Village Lot TH-15 within
Section 16, Township 28 North, Range 1 East, WM; located at 30 Heron Road, Port
Ludlow 98365
For the above project, the Hearing Examiner has: Granted the Appeal finding that
Chapter 17.05 of the Jefferson County Code that covers the Port Ludlow Master
Planned Resort does not allow short term rentals within the MPR-RC/CF zone
classification.
A copy of the Examiner's report and decision is attached. A motion for reconsideration,
clarification, and instruction on appeals of this decision must be made in writing as
outlined in the attached instruction sheet.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR FILING A MOTION FOR RECONSIDERATION,
CLARIFICATION, OR APPEALING THE HEARING EXAMINER'S DECISION:
REFERENCE FILE NO. MLA19-00085 (ZON19-00041)
Motion for Reconsideration:
An aggrieved party may file a written request for reconsideration with the Examiner's
Office within 10 days of the Examiner's Decision. Motions for reconsideration ask the
Examiner to reconsider part or all of the Decision. Reconsideration is limited to certain
grounds. Please see Hearing Examiner Rule 6.5 for further details on filing a motion for
reconsideration.
Motion for Clarification:
Any principal party may file a written request for clarification with the Examiner's Office
within 10 days of the Examiner's Decision. Motions for clarification are limited to
correcting obvious errors or seeking clarification of specific issues. Please see Hearing
Examiner Rule 6.6 for further details on filing a motion for clarification.
Final Decisions of the Hearing Examiner:
The Examiner's Decision becomes a final decision once the period for reconsideration
or clarification has run. This is usually 10 days, unless a motion for clarification or
reconsideration is filed. If a motion for reconsideration or clarification is filed, the
Examiner's decision becomes final upon ruling on the motion for reconsideration or
clarification.
Appeal to Superior Court under a Land Use Petition Act:
Pursuant to RCW 36.70C, the applicant or any aggrieved party may appeal the
Examiner's Decision once it is a final decision to the Superior Court within twenty-one
(21) calendar days of the final decision. For more information related to judicial appeals
see JCC 18.40.340.
Location of Hearing Examiner Rules of Procedure and County Code:
A copy of the Hearing Examiner Rules of Procedure is available at
ht# s:llwww.co.mefferson.wa.us/789/Office-of-the-Hearin -Examiner. A copy of the
County Code is available at
https://www.co.jefferson.wa.us/789/Office-of-the-Hearing-Examiner. Both are available
at the Jefferson County Department of Community Development, 621 Sheridan Street,
Port Townsend, WA, 98368. (360) 379-4450.
Project Planner: Michelle Farfan
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62:1 Sheridan Street
Port Townsend, WA 98368
OFFICE OF THE HEARING EXAMINER
FILE NO.:
APPELLANT:
REPRESENTATIVE
DCD STAFF:
SUMMARY OF REQUEST:
JEFFERSON COUNTY
REPORT AND DECISION
MLA-19-00085 (ZON19-00041)
APPEAL OF AN ADMINISTRATIVE CODE INTERPRETATION
Townhomes at Ludlow Bay Association
P.O. Box 65441
Port Ludlow, WA 98365
Richard Bleek
22 Heron Road
Port Ludlow, WA 98365
Michelle Farfan, Associate Planner Lead
Appeal of an Administrative Code Interpretation issued pursuant to Jefferson County Code
Section 18.40.370 that clarified transient rentals are a permitted use within the Port Ludlow
Master Plan Resort, Resort Complex/Community Facilities (MPR-RC/CF) zone
classification. Transient rental is defined as a short-term (less than 30 days) rental of a
dwelling unit. On October 28, 2019, the Townhomes at Ludlow Bay Association appealed
the Code Interpretation.
SUMMARY OF DECISION: Appeal granted.
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PUBLIC HEARING:
After reviewing the Jefferson County Department of Community Development Staff Report
and examining available information on file with the application, the Examiner conducted a
public hearing on the request as follows:
The hearing was opened on February 25, 2020, at 2:30 p.m.
Parties wishing to testify were sworn in by the Examiner.
The following exhibits were submitted and made a part of the record as follows:
SEE ATTACHED INDEX LIST
The Minutes of the Public Hearing set forth below are not the official record and are
provided for the convenience of the parties. The official record is the recording of
the hearing that can be transcribed for purposes of appeal.
AUSTIN WATKINS, Deputy Prosecuting Attorney, appeared and presented a power point
presentation. The applicable zone classification allows a variety of uses as set forth on
page 8 of the Staff Report. Chapter 18.20.210 of the Jefferson County Code does not
apply to the Port Ludlow Master Planned Resort. The resort is covered by a Development
Agreement and is governed by its own zoning code and the RCW. However, the resort is
covered by selective chapters of Title 18. The County created a unique zoning code for the
MPR, and selective zoning chapters are from 1999 and before. The code allows this
interpretation pursuant in JCC 18.40.350. We have a precedent for this type of analysis.
Title 17 procedures do not apply, but Title 18 procedures do. In making her determination
the Director looked at the 1994 zoning code as Title 18 was not enacted until the 2000s.
The CCRs allow this type of use and were drafted by the developer.
LEWIS HALE appeared on behalf of the appellant and testified that this interpretation
could apply to all zones in Port Ludlow. The older codes have been superseded. He
questioned whether the proposed use is listed as a permitted use. Plus is it a layer of the
Title 17 analysis? The County gets to its position by determining that the applicable code
section is ambiguous. The appellant does not think the code is ambiguous. The use of
short term rental is prohibited by JCC 17.05.040 as the terms "will' and "shall' are
mandatory. He then referred to JCC 17.05.090, 17.25.020, and 17.50.020. Section (.020)
sets forth all permitted uses and does not allow other uses than are permitted. Section
17.50.020 sets forth the Port Ludlow resort plans and further clarifies JCC 17.25020. It
deletes associated uses, but lists those uses that are permitted. No uses are allowed
except those listed below. The County creates the ambiguity by determining what is
allowed and not allowed. Ms. Cartmel originally said that the short term rental use is not
allowed, but the County changed its position later. The County now says that VBROs are
allowed. The County made the decision already in JCC 17.25.020 when it listed allowed
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uses. The County also allowed flexible uses for the hotel, but not to properties not owned
by the inn. If one can rent a townhome, can one also have a campground or restaurant?
The County has created more ambiguity. We do not have an ambiguity here. The code is
very specific. The County refers to the legislative intent in its 2010 decision. That decision
involved a single-family residential zone, but considered the same issue. That appeal dealt
with a use not permitted. He referred to the Staff Report and its first page. It refers to
extensive meetings with residents prior to adopting the code. The County says it does not
enforce CCRs, but they are clearly doing so here. Furthermore, one can not create CCRs
that violate the code. The Pleasant Harbor Resort is a new resort, not an existing one.
The reality now is that we have a 38 room inn that has not expanded. The hotel restaurant
was closed, nine holes of the golf course were closed, and no new amenities have been
constructed, but we continue to build single-family dwellings. People are focused on living
there. Pleasant Harbor is different, it is a different resort. The County says 18.20.210
does not apply because it was not included within the resort code. Thus, are VBRO rentals
allowed in Port Ludlow without license, conditions, or tax? They must be because the
County says the section does not apply. This is a single-family area, not an area of single-
family rentals that could include wedding parties, etc. If the use is not included in the zone
it is prohibited.
MR. WATKINS reappeared and testified that the uses in JCC 18.43.050 were incorporated
into Title 17. We can't list all uses that may occur over time. The use of a dwelling as
either a rental or an owner, occupied single-family residence are the same.
MR. HALE reappeared and referred to the 2010 decision. Adopting the MPR code was a
multi -year task that involved the residents and the developer and not just the developer
and the County.
No one spoke further in this matter and the Examiner took the matter under advisement.
The hearing was concluded at 3:30 p.m.
NOTE: A complete record of this hearing is available in the office of Jefferson
County Department of Community Development.
FINDINGS. CONCLUSIONS, AND DECISION:
FINDINGS:
The Hearing Examiner has heard testimony, admitted documentary evidence into
the record, and taken this matter under advisement.
2. State Environmental Policy Act (SEPA): This Code Interpretation is not an action
pursuant to Section 197-11-704 of the Washington Administrative Code (WAC) and
is therefore not subject to SEPA review. However, if it is later determined that this
Code Interpretation is an action and subject to SEPA, it would be exempt pursuant
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to WAC 197-11-800(6)(b) and WAC 197-11-800(19)(b).
3. Public Notice was published in the Port Townsend -Jefferson County Leader
newspaper:
• Notice of Type III Hearing: February 5, 12, & 19, 2020
Notice was posted on the property:
• Notice of Type III Hearing:
The applicant, the project representative, and all property owners within 300
feet were notified by mail:
• Notice of Type III Hearing mailed:
4, On August 26, 2019, pursuant to Section 18.40.350, et. seq., of the Jefferson
County Code (JCC), the Townhomes at Ludlow Bay Association (appellant)
submitted a Request for Code Interpretation. The Townhomes are located within
the Port Ludlow Master Planned Resort (MPR). Appellant requested clarification of
inconsistent decisions regarding the legality of transient type rental uses permitted
within the Townhomes, and a code interpretation "that short term transient rentals,
other than through the inn, are not a permitted use in the MPR-(RC-CF) Zone". The
MPR-RC/CF zone is limited to the resort area of the MPR and includes the Inn at
Port Ludlow, marina, and the townhomes
5. On October 14, 2019, Patty Charnas, Director, Jefferson County Department of
Community Development (DCD) and Unified Development Code Administrator
issued a Code Interpretation as follows:
The Townhomes, and other residential development within the MPR-
RC/CF zone are permitted for rental of less than 30 days as "hotel
and other permitted uses". The Hotel, also known as the Inn at Port
Ludlow, and appropriate associated uses, is not the only listed use
permitted for transient rental or accommodation within the MPR-
RC/CF zone. (emphasis added)
Appellant timely filed an appeal of the Code Interpretation on October 28, 2019,
6. The facts in this matter are not in dispute and require a legal interpretation of
whether or not short term (VBRO) rentals are an allowed use within the MPR-RC/CF
zone. Both parties agree that the Inn at Port Ludlow has rented townhomes as
transient rentals in the past, and that the Townhomes' Covenants, Conditions, and
Restrictions (CCRs) authorize such practice. Portions of the appeal seem to assert
that transient rentals of the townhomes can occur if managed/rented by the inn, but
not if rented by individual owners or VBRO type businesses. In rendering this
Decision the Examiner has focused exclusively on the requirements of the zoning
code and not on past practices or requirements of the CCRs.
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CONCLUSIONS:
1. The Hearing Examiner has jurisdiction to consider and decide the issues presented
by this request.
2. The Port Ludlow MPR is subject to an MPR zoning code that the Jefferson County
Board of Commissioners adopted on October 3, 1999, and is codified in JCC
Sections 17.05-17.50. The Port Ludlow MPR is also subject to a Development
Agreement adopted by the Board on May 8, 2000, that also incorporates the MPR
zoning code. RCW 36.70B.170 addresses development agreements and provides
that such agreements must set forth provisions that apply to and govern (vest) the
development and use of the property. Section 17.05.050 JCC adopts various
chapters and sections of the Jefferson County Unified Development Code (Title 18
JCC), but does not adopt the definitions set forth in Chapter 18.10 JCC. The Port
Ludlow MPR zoning code set forth in Chapter 17.05 JCC does not include any
definitions, to include definitions of hotels, inns, or transient rentals.
3. Partially because of the lack of definitions, DCD asserts that the "Hotel' use set
forth in the MPR code is subject to more than one reasonable interpretation and is
therefore ambiguous. Applying the rules for determining legislative intent of an
ambiguous code section, DCD determined that the MPR zoning code authorizes
transient rentals in the RC/CF zone. Appellant asserts that the language in JCC
17.25.020 that sets forth "permitted and conditional uses" in the RC/CF zone
classification is straightforward and not ambiguous. Appellant asserts that said
section clearly does not allow transient rentals in the RC/CF zone.
4. Section 17.05.090 JCC entitled "Compliance with regulations required" provides:
No structure shall hereafter be erected and no existing structure shall
be moved, altered, added to or enlarged, nor shall any land or
structure be used, or arranged to be used for pny purpose other than
that which is included among the uses listed in the following chapters
as permitted in the zoning district in which the structure or land is
located, nor shall any land or structure be used in any manner
contrary to any other requirement specified in this division. (emphasis
added)
Section 17.25.020 JCC sets forth "Permitted and Conditional Uses" within the
RC/CF zone as follows:
The following uses are permitted within the MPR-RC/CF zone. Within
the resort area, for resort facilities only, the uses set forth below are
further described and limited by the Resort Plan as set forth in JCC
17.50.020. (emphasis added)
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5. The RC/CF use chart authorizes "Hotels (inn) and appropriate associated uses" as
outright permitted. While no definition of "associated" is provided, it is reasonable to
assume that the term means "accessory" uses. Thus, each parcel in the MPR
RC/CF zone classification can be used for a hotel and associated/accessory uses.
A hotel is the primary use of the parcel and the associated/accessory uses are just
that, accessory to the hotel. The use chart does not list short term or long term
rentals as an authorized primary or associated use. DCD asserts two alternative
theories to support its code interpretation that short term rentals are an allowed use
on all lots within the RC/CF zone:
The "Hotel' use includes a townhouse; or
2. Each townhouse is an associated use of The Inn at Port Ludlow
(hotel) even though located on a separate parcel.
6. Chapter 17.05 JCC has no definitions. However, JCC 17.05.040 sets forth "Rules
of Interpretation" and provides in part:
The following rules apply in making interpretations of the terms and
conditions contained herein:
(1) For the purposes of this division, all words used in the title shall
use normal and customary meanings, unless specifically
defined otherwise in this division....
Interpreting the "hotel" use to include a townhouse is not a normal and customary
meaning of the term "hotel". Furthermore, by allowing "appropriate associated
uses" of a hotel to locate on a separate parcel from the hotel, an
associated/accessory use becomes the primary use of said offsite parcel. The use
chart does allow uses normally associated with a hotel to locate on any lot in the
RC/CF zone classification. Allowed uses include conference centers/banquet
facility, restaurant/lounge/bar, resort related retail use, and recreation
center/club/yacht club. However, the use chart does not authorize short term rental
facilities as an allowed use.
7. Section 17.25.020 JCC sets forth a list of authorized uses permitted within the
RC/CF zone classification, but does not include a list of non -permitted uses. Thus,
in accordance with JCC 17.050.090, if a proposed use is not listed in the use chart,
it is not an allowed use in the RC/CF zone classification. Furthermore, JCC
17.50.020, entitled "Resort Plan", sets forth the plans for future development of
properties within the RC/CF zone and includes various uses from hotel guest
rooms, resort retail, and lounges to various recreational facilities. However, the
resort plans do not include short term rentals (other than hotel guest rooms).
Section (17) mentions the existing townhomes, but does not authorize or discuss
hotel or individual rental use thereof.
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8. In a decision determining whether or not a statute is ambiguous, our Washington
Court of Appeals in State v. Rodriquez, 187 Wn. App. 922 (2015) wrote:
...Our primary duty in interpreting a statute is to discern and
implement legislative intent ... If the statute's meaning is plain on its
face, then the court must give effect to that plain meaning as an
expression of legislative intent... Under the "plain meaning" rule,
examination of the statute in which the provision at issue is found, as
well as related statutes or other provisions of the same act in which
the provision is found, is appropriate as part of the determination
whether a plain meaning can be ascertained...
Further, a court must not add words where the legislature has chosen
not to include them. A court also must construe statutes such that all
of the language is given effect and no portion is rendered
meaningless or superfluous...187 Wn. App. 922 @ 931, 932
In the present case JCC 17.25.020 is clear on its face and consistent with other
JCC sections governing the Port Ludlow MPR. No code section authorizes short
term rentals. Therefore, no statutory interpretation is necessary. Furthermore, our
Court of Appeals in Hazelwood v. Bremerton Ice Arena, 137 Wn. App. 872 (2007)
held:
... Legislative definitions set forth in the statute control, but absent a
statutory definition, we may give a term its plain meaning by reference
to a standard dictionary... However, we should not read a statute
literally if unlikely, absurd, or strained consequences result...137 Wn.
App. 872 @ 881,882
In the present case interpreting JCC 17.25.020 as proposed by DCD is not
consistent with any definition of a hotel, nor is it consistent with locating
appropriate/accessory uses offsite on another parcel. Furthermore, including a
townhouse within the definition of hotel leads to an absurd or strained result.
9_ Regardless of the appellant's CCRs, the JCC makes no provision for the Inn at Port
Ludlow incorporating townhomes into its short term or transient rentals. Any conflict
between the JCC and CCRs is resolved in favor of the CCRs. Our Washington
Supreme Court in its decision of Wilkinson v. Chiwawa Communities Association,
180 Wn. 2d 241 (2014), cited by DCD, noted:
... The lack of an express term with the inclusion of other similar terms
is evidence of the drafter's intent... Extrinsic evidence is ... used to
illuminate what was written, not what was intended to be written... We,
however, do not consider extrinsic evidence that would vary,
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contradict, or modify the written word or show an intention
independent of the instrument. 180 Wn. 2d 241 @ 251
In the present case adding the short term VBRO rental use to the uses authorized in
the RC/CF zone changes what was written in the ordinance to what DCD believes
was intended to be written.
10. DCD correctly asserts that VBRO and other businesses providing short term rental
of houses and condominiums has significantly grown since adoption of the Port
Ludlow Development Agreement and zoning. It is also true that cities and counties
are adopting rules and regulations that address short term rentals. The Jefferson
County Board of Commissioners has done so as well in JCC 18.20.210(3), but has
not applied said section to Port Ludlow. Such further supports a legislative intent
that short term rentals are not an allowed use in Port Ludlow except on the hotel
parcel.
11. The issue of whether or not a short term rental is allowed as an accessory use or an
outright use in multi -family and single-family residential structures within the MPR
RC/CR zone is not before the Examiner for consideration.
DECISION:
The appeal of Townhomes at Ludlow Bay Association is hereby granted. Chapter 17.05-
17.50 of the Jefferson County Code that covers the Port Ludlow Master Planned Resort
does not allow short term rentals within the MPR-RC/CF zone classification.
ORDERED this 17th day of March, 2020.
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Hearing Examiner
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