HomeMy WebLinkAboutLog059
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DAVID
EVANS AND ASSOCIATES,_
RECEIVED
NOV 0 7 2005
JEFFERSON eOUNlY OeD
January 27, 1997
3700 Pacific Highway East
Suite 311
Mr. Bruce Bailey
President, Chevy Chase Golf Course
17755 Beach Drive N.E.
Seattle, WA 98155-4516
Tacoma, Washington 98424
Tel: 206.922.9780
Fax: 206.922.9781
Re: Geological Hazards Assessment for the Chevy Chase P .U.D., Port Townsend, W A.
Dear Mr. Bailey:
In January, 1997, David Evans and Associates, Inc. (DEA) conducted an evaluation of potential geologic hazard areas as
defined in Section 9 and Section 1 of the Jefferson County Interim Critical Areas Ordinance Number 05-0509-94 as amended
on June 26, 1995. In Jefferson County, geologic hazards are classified based on the presence of erosion, landslide and seismic
hazards. As stated in the ordinance, geologically hazardous areas are characterized by slope, soil type, geologic material, and
groundwater conditions that may combine during and/or after construction, or during natural events such as earthquakes or
severe rainstorms.
Based on the surface and subsurface evaluations conducted by DEA on the subject property, it is our opinion that no geologic
hazards occur on the property and the development proposed is compatJ.'ble with the surface and subsurface conditions
observed and described. As stated in Sections 9.402 and 11.07 the Jefferson County Ordinance the property is eligible for a
waiver from Critical Area Review based on the following conditions.
1. No defined geologic hazards were identified on the subject property. Therefore, all proposed building sites and
project related improvements are to be located outside of any designated geologic hazard area or its buffer.
2. Sufficient geologic information exists or has been obtained to indicate that the impacts of the proposed project
will not cause adverse geological impact On or off the project site.
Erosion hazard areas are defined as soils or soil complexes described and mapped by the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) in
the Soil Survey for Jefferson County as having a severe or very severe erosion hazard potential.
Landslide hazard areas are defined as those areas that are subject to mass movement due to a combination of geologic,
topographic and hydrologic factors. These potential hazard areas are characterized as areas of historic failures or potentially
unstable slopes, areas that can become unstable as a result of rapid stream incision, stream bank erosion, or undercutting by
wave action, and areas subject to severe risk of damage as a result of earthquake induced ground shaking, slope failure,
settlement, soil liquefaction, or surface faulting.
DEA conducted a review of available geologic information, including mapping and reference sources in addition to making
site visits to examine existing surface conditions. Our subsurface evaluation included the excavation of 13 test pits and 2
borrow areas to verify the texture of subsurface soil throughout the property.
Regional geology is dominated by glacial deposits related to the last glaciation of the Puget Sound region referred to the
Frasier continental glaciation which occurred approximately 12,000 to 15,000 years ago. The landforms and soil described
throughout the property are associated with and are typical of glacial materials deposited during the Vashon Stade of the
Frasier Continental glaciation. Soil contacts examined and described appear to be gradational in character resulting from the
natural weathering of the surface. Two borrow pits were examined and the soil descn'bed as a gray medium sand. This soil
occurs in the southeast comer of the property in Section 1 of the 3 project areas.
Soil examined and described are consistent with the Clallam Series of soil as mapped and reported by the SCS. The Clallam
gravelly sandy loam (CmC) are nearly level to rolling soils located on terra?es with grades of 5% to 15%. The soil is well
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drained with a moderate permeability. Runoff is slow to medium and the water erosion hazard is reported to be slight to
moderate.
Other soil descn"bed and mapped by the SCS and located on the site include the Mukilteo peat (Mu), the Swantown gravelly
sandy loam, (Sm) and the Tukey gravelly loam, (TuC). Descriptions for each of these soil groups is provided below. Soil
contacts examined and described appear to be gradational in character resulting from the natural weathering of the surface.
Mukilteo peat, (Mu)
This soil occurs in basins and depressions. The soil is very poorly drained with a moderate permeability in the upper portions
and rapid in the lower. Runoff is very slow to ponded and the erosion hazard is reported to be slightto nonexistent.
Swantown gravelly sandy loam, (StB)
This soil occurs on level to gently sloping lowlands along the toeslope of moderate hilly glacial terraces. The soil is
somewhat poorly drained with a moderately rapid permeability above the cemented layer and very slow in the cemented
layer. Runoffis slow, and the erosion hazard is slight.
Tukey gravelly loam, (TuC)
This soil occurs on level to rolling glacial moraine terraces with grades of 5% to 10%. The soil is moderately well drained
with a moderately slow permeability above the cemented layer. Runoff is slow to medium with a slight to moderate erosion
hazard.
The attached soil.mapshows the SCS soil mapping completed over the property. A small surface areas of the Mukilteo peat
(Mu) is located in the southwest portion of the property which lies outside of the proposed development area. This depression
is surrounded by a band of Swantown gravelly sandy loam (Sm) which also occurs outside of the proposed development area.
The dominant soil mapped and observed throughout the property consists of the Clallam gravelly sandy loam (CmC) which
covers the central portion of the property. A band of Tukey gravelly loam (ThC) has been mapped along the northern
property boundary and across the eastern portion of the property.
The attached topographic site plan shows the three sections of proposed residential development and the area set aside for
installation of on-site sewage disposal systems. Sections 1 and 2 are located in area where the Tukey gravelly loam has been
mapped by the SCS. DBA field evaluations found the soil in Section 1 to be a loose gray medium sand with surface grades of
less than 10%. In Section 3 the soil mapped by the SCS and confirmed by DEA consist of the Clallam gravelly sandy loam
(CmC). All other soil descn"bed and mapped on the property occur within the existing golf course area. The soil described do
not present a hazard to the proposed development as currently planned. Existing slopes and grades measured in the field and
shown on the attached topographic maps indicates grades between 5% and 14%. Native slopes are generally between 5% and
10% throughout the proposed residential development areas.
Seismic hazard areas are dermed by the Jefferson County Ordinance as those areas that are subject to severe risk of damage as
a result of earthquake induced ground shaking, slope failure, settlement, soil liquefaction, or surface faulting. Soil and slope
conditions observed on the subject property are generally consistent with the SCS Clallam Series of soil. Field investigations
conducted by DEA indicate that the proposed areas for development do not contain areas that could be classified as a seismic
hazard areas.
Native soils observed at shallow depths are dense to very dense, compact, slightly cemented and are therefore not considered
to be prone to excessive movement or settlement as a result of seismic induced motion. Indications of perched groundwater
conditions were observed in the soil pits. However, if measures are taken to control saturation, such as established drainage
systems, the potential for settlement and/or liquefaction will be further minimized.
LOG ITEM
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Residential construction should be completed in accordance with current Uniform Building Codes related to potential seismic
loading for the region. The property is located within the Puget Sound region which has been classified as a Zone 3 seismic
area.
Conclusions
Research and field evaluations conducted throughout the Chevy Chase project found that no geologic conditions exist that
. would cause a potential problem to development on the site or to adjacent properties. Evaluations considered soil textures,
subsurface characteristics, regional and local geologic environments, slopes and the ~oil covering them and the proposed
development in each of three project areas. The glacial geology has created gentle rolling topography that is covered with a
mature growth of trees. A portion of the property has been developed into a golf course which covers the nearly level central
portion of the project area. The soils mapped by the SCS and DBA are descn'bed as having a slight to moderate erosion
hazard on slopes with grades between 5% and. 1 OOAJ. No ground water problems were identified although indicators were
observed in the soil pits. The use of conventional storm drainage systems and footing drains will prevent the buildup of
ground water around new structures. Construction of the residential development should be in accordance with Jefferson
County and Uniform Building Code requirements for the type of structure proposed.
Limitations
This geologic hazards assessment has been researched and prepared using generally accepted geologic and engineering
techniques in use at the time of our evaluation. This summary is intended to satisfy relevant portions of Section 9 of the
Jefferson County Ordinance and assumes no warranty expressed or implied for the geologic conditions described. The
information presented is specific to the subject property and should not be applied to adjacent or neighboring property. We
assume the development of the property will confIrm our imdings, however if conditions are found to differ from those
descn'bed DEA should be contacted to re-examine the existing conditions with regard to the proposed development. DEA
recommends that the owners utilize a geotechnical consultant to assist with issues related to soils, hydrology and slopes.
DEA would like to thank you for the opportunity to assist with this project. If there are any questions regarding the
information presented please contact us at 922-9780.
Sincerely,
DAVID EVANS AND ASSOCIAt:ES, INC.,
Rex B. Humphrey, CPG,RG
Engineering Geologist
Matthew A. Miller, P.E.
Geological Engineer
Attachments
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16
SOIL SURVEY
production of trees and for wildlife habitat and recreation
areas. Small a!eas} less than 10 percent of the total acreage,
are under cultIvatIon and are used for pasture and diversified
home garden crops. Capability unit IVe-3; woodland group
4d2.
Cathcar~ gravelly ~il.t loam, 30 to 50 percent slopes
(CIE).-ThiS steep soil IS on glaciated uplands. Along the
~pper part of the slopes bedrock is at a depth of 24 to 30
mches, and along the lower part of the slopes it is at a depth
of 30 to 40 inches.
~uno!l ~ rapid, an~ the hazard of.water erosion is severe.
This soil IS used mainl)'. for production of trees and for
recreation areas and wildlife habitat. Capability unit VIe-I'
woodland group 4d2. '
ClaIlam Series
The CJaUam series conSists of well-drained soils that have
a very slowly penneable cemented layer at a depth of 20 to
40 inches. They are on uplands. Slopes range from 0 to 30
percent. Elevation ranges from 80 to .1,000 feet. These soils
formed in glacial till under a forest of mixed coniferous and
deciduous trees. Native vegetation is mainly Douglas-fir,
cedar, madrone, and willow. Annual precipitation ranges
from 18 to 25 inches. The average annual air temperature is
49"F. The above 3~F growing season ranges from 240 to
270 days, and the above 28"F growing season ranges from
300 to 330 days. These soils are associated mainly with
Alderwood, Dick, Everett, Hoypus, Indianola, San Juan,
Townsend, and Whidbey soils.
In " representative profile a thin layer of organic litter
covers the surface. The upper 23 inches of the soil is gravelly
sandy loam that is grayish brown in the upper 3 inches and
dark grayish brown in the lower 20 inches. This is underlain
by a cemented layer.
More than 601ercent of the acreage of Clallam soils has
been cleared an. ~.~ for pasture, hay, silage, berries,
orchards; small grams, and vegetable gardens. Wooded areas
are used as a source of woodland products and for wildlife
habitat and recreation areas.
Clallam. gravelly sandy loall1, 0 to IS percent slopes
(CmC).-This nearly level to rolling soil is on terraces.
Most slopes range from 5 to 10 percent.
Representative profile 1,650 feet west and 660 feet north
of southeast comer sec. 17, T. 30 N., R. 1 W.:
01-2 inches to ~ inch, lea!e8, needles, and twigs.
~ inch to 0, very dark ~brown (IOYR 3/2), decom-
posed orgwc matter; strongl1: acid.
~ to 3 inChes, grayish-brown (IOYR 5/2) gravelly sandf loam,
light gray (2.5Y '1 /2) and white (2.5Y 8/2) drY; weaJc, fine,
gran~ structure; slightJy hard, very friable, nonsticky, non-
plastic; many roots; about 20 ~nt gravel; medium acid;
. abrupt, wavy boundary. (2 to 4 mches tliick)
B21-3 to 14 inCbes, dark grayish-bro..m (2.5Y 4/2) gravelly sandy
loam, light broWnish ~y (2. .5Y 6/2) dry; w~ fine and me-
dium, subangular blocky structure; slightly hanf, very friable,
nonsticky. nonplastic; many roots; few fine shot; About 35
pa:cent ~vel; medium acid; clear, wavy boundary. (8 to 19
Inches tliick)
B22-14 to 23 inches, dark grayish-brown (2.5Y 4/2) gravelly
~dy loam, light. brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) dl'Y'i weak. me-
dium and coarse, subangular blocky structure; iilightJy hard
very friable, nonsticlty, nonplastic. common roots; about 40
percent gravel ('Including a fewcobbies) ; medium acid; gradual,
wavy bO~. (7 to 18 inches thick)
Clsim-23 to 36 Inches, olive-gray (5Y 4/2), weakly cemented
gravelly sandy loam, light gray (5Y7/2) dry; common, medium
and coarse, dark yellowish-brown (IOYR 4/4) and brown
(7.5YR.4/4) mottles; massive; extremely hard, extremely
~m; few fine roots penetrate upper few inches; medium acid'
diffuse, smooth boundary (12 to 16 inches thick) ,
02-36 inches, very compact gravelly sandy loam glacial till
(Many feet thick) .
The A2 horizon ranges from gray to grayish brown. The B2
horizons range from grayish brown to dark grayish brown. The
Claim horizon is an oliye.gray cemented layer that is 35 to 45
percent gravel and cobbles. Depth to the cemented layer ranges
from 20 to 40 inches. The A2 anil B2 horizons range from ItfoJ1ily
acid to medium ~ and theClsim horizon ..n_ from medium
acid to slightJy acid. ---
This soil is well drained. Permeability is moderate above
the cemented layer. Roots penetrate to a depth of 20 to 40
inches. This soil holds about 2 to 4 inches of water available
for plants. Runoff is slow to medium, and the hazard of water
erosion is slight to moderate. The soil is saturated part of
the time during the rainy eeason, and at times water moves
laterally, in places, aboVe the cemented layer.
M~ of the acreage of this soil is used for gro'\lring pasture
of lIllXed grass and alfalfa or grass and clOYel. Home gaMen
~ps, berries, and vegetables are also grown. 'Capab.ility
umt IVe-l; woodland group 4d2. -
Clallam. gravelly sandy loaDl, 15 to 30 percent slopes
(CmD).-This hilly soil is on glaqial terraces on the breaks
of canyons and steep drainageways. . . ..
Runoff is medium, and the hazard of water erosion is
moderate. This soil is used mainly for production of trees
and .for wildlife habitataild 'recreation areas~ Capability
unit VIe-I; woodland group 4d2. .
Coastal Beaches
Coastal beaches (Co & CW) consist of sandy and gravelly
sloping beaches in long, narrow strips. They are at the base
of coastal bluffs or lowlands bordermr; the }>acific Ocean in
western Jefferson County and along the Straits of Juan de
Fuca, Admiralty Inlet, and Hood Canal in eastern Jetferson
County. .
Coastal beaches have no vegetation and are subject io
continual wave action during high tides and storms.
This land type is used for clam and oyster productiOn and
for recreation areas and wildlife habitat. Capability unit
VIIIw-l; not assigned to a woodland group.
Cut and Fill Land
Cut and fill land (Cu) consists of. landfills in low, depres-
sional, wet or swampy aress. It is made up of a mixture of
many types of soil material. One of the largest areas of Cut
and fill land is at the southwest end of Old Fort Flagler,
between the marine bluffs and the beach, where a swampy
area was filled for a gunnery range. Capability unit VIlIw-1;
not assigned to a woodland group.
Dabob Series
The Dabobseries consists of moderateiy well drained,
very gravelly soils that have a very slowly permeable ce-
mented layer at a depth of 20 to 36 inches. These soils are
on glacial terraces. Slopes range from 0 to 30 percent. Ele-
vation ranges from 100 to 800 feet. The Dabob soils formed
under a conifero~eciduous forestr in very gravelly glacial
till. Native vegetation is mainly Dougtas..fir, western hem-
lock, willow, madrone, rhododendron, salal, and evergreen
huckleberry. Annual precipitation ranges from 25 to 45
inches. The average annual air temperature is 490F. The
LOG ITEM
# <:;Cj
Pag'3_=l-ot&:.-.
2)@OJ
00.\10 E\:.\. '1So\NDASsOaAns.Il\C
JEFFERSON COUNTY AREA, WASmNGTON
'on ranges from 215 to 320 days. McMurray soils are
.ciated mainly with Mukiltco soils.
I a representative profile the upper 6 inches of the soil is
.k mucky peat. Below this, to a depth of 34 inches, is
.k mucky pf'At that is 10 to 20 percent partly dccom-
rl fragments of wood mixed with fibrous plant remains.
h layers are slightly hard and brittle when dry. The next
'r, to a depth of 72 inches, is dark reddish-brown mucky
t that is 10 to 25 percent partly decomposed woody
;ments mixed with fibrous plant remains. The mineral
has varied textures. All organic layers are neutral in
.tion.
IcMurray soils are mapped only in an undifferentiated.
Ip with Mukilteo soils.
leMurray and MukUteo peats (Mm).-This mapping
., consists of approximately 50 percent McMurray peat
50 percent Mukilteo Jlf'At. These soils are in nearly level,
tlow basins or depressions.
:.cpresentative profile of McMurray peat in an area of
Murray and Mukilteo peats, one mile north of Center,
~ the Port Ludlow Road intersection on the west side
he road, SWUSWuNEU sec. 3, T. 28 N.j R. 1 W.:
Oel-o to 6 inches, black (10YR 2/1) mUe9 Jl8!Lt (hemic material),
black (5YR 2/1) dry and rubbed; slightly hard and brittle
~ryj many fine, medium, and coarse roots.i. !1eutral (pH 6.9);
graaual, wavy boundary. (5 to 8 inches Wok)
0e2--6 to 34 inches, black (IOYR 2/1) mucky peat (hemic ma-
terial) that is 10 to 20 percent woody f~ts, dark reddish-
brown (5YR 3/2) dry and rubbed; slightly lWd. and brittle
dry; common fine and medium roots; neutral (pH 6.8); gradual,
wavy boundary. (24 to 36 inches thick)
0e3-34 to 72 inclies, dark reddish-brown (5YR 2/2) mucky peat
(hemic material) that is 10 to 25 percent woody fraplents,
dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) dry: and rubbedj hard aDd very
brittle dry; few fine roots to a depth of 54 mches; neutral
(pH 6.7).
The depth to g.nderlying mineral soil ranges from 52 inches to
10 feet or more. The mmeral soil ranges from gravelly loamy sand
to clay loam or clay. Black to reddish-brown organic layers, each
6 to 40 inches thiek, range from 3 to 5 in number. They lLre 10 to 25
percent decomposing wood fragments. In places thin layers of light-
gray or light brownish-gray. diatomaceous earth, 1 to 5 inches
thick, lLre between the organic layers.
'hese soils are Vf':ry poorly drained. Permeability is
lerate. Roots can penetrate to a depth of more than 60
les. These soils hold more than 10 inches of water avail-
,for plants. Runoff is very slow to ponded, and the hazard
,'ater erosion is slight or nonexistent. A moderate hazard
loughing or slumping exists along banks of open drainage
hes. A seasonal water table is at a depth of 0 to 12 inches.
lability unit IIw-2; not assigned to a woodland group.
tkilteo Series
'he Mukilteo series consists of very poorly drained orgatlic
i that formed in partly decomposed plant remains, mainly
Is, sedges, and water-tolerant shrubs and grasses over-
,g mineral soil at a depth of 20 to 60 inches or more.
'Be soils are in level to nearly level glacial basins or in
ded areas resulting from displaced stream and river
unels. Elevation ranges from slightly above sea level to
ut 1,000 feet. Annual precipitation is 20 to 100 inches or
;,e. The average annual temperature ranges from 480F to
F. The above 320F growing season ranges from 180 to
days, and the above 280F growing season ranges from
to 300 days. Mukilteo soils are associated mainly with
Murray soils.
33
In a representative profile 4 organic layers are present.
The two upper layers, from the surface to a depth of 11
inches and below that to a depth of 24 inches, consist of
dark reddish-brown peat and mucky peat. The third layer,
to a depth of 50 inches, is dark reddish-brown mucky peat.
The fourth layer, to a depth of 64 inches, is very dusky red
mucky peat. All layers are 5 to 10 percent decomposing
woody material. All organic layers are slightly acid. Mineral
soil material underlies the bottom layer.
Mukilteo soils, except for Mukilteo peat, moderately
shallow variant, are mapped only in an undijferentiated. group
with McMurray soils.
Representative profile of Mukilteo peat in a virgin peat bog
0.4 mile northeast of Chevy Chase Inn, 100 yards west ana .
10 yards south in NWU8~USWU comer sec. 29, T. 30 N.,
R.l W.:
Oel-G to 11 in~ dark reddish-brown (5YR 313) peat (fibrous
material), black (6YR 2/1) dry and rubbedj IJlOIII1 moist;
alichtly liard and brittle dry; many fine, medium, aild coarse
roota; sliKhtly acid (pH 6.1); clear, wavy boundary. (9 to 13
ineheis thIck)
0e2-11 to 24 in~ dark reddish-bl'9wn (5YR 3/2) mucky peat
(hemic material), black (liYR 2/1) dry and rubbed; slightly
IJlO!1I1 moist; slightq haM and brittle~; eommoa fine and
medium roots; sliihtly acid (pH 6.2); gradUal, wavy boundary.
(10 to 15 inches ihicJi)
~24 to 50 inches. dark reddish-brown (2.5YR 2/4). mucky .peat
(hemic material); very dark brown (IOYR 2/2). dti' and
rubbedi. slidl.t1y apongy moisttil1ichtly hard and britt1edry; few
fine ancl medhim roots; sliPu)" acid (pH 6.3); gradual, wavy
boundary. (21 to 31 inCheS thiCk)
0e4--G0 to 64 in~ dark ieddish-brown (5YR 2/2) m1!ckY' peat.
(hemic material), very dark gray (5.YR 3/1) ~ and rubbed;
soft and slippery wet; slightly hard and brittle dry; alichtly
acid (pH 6.4).
The dep~ to mineral .00. material ranges from 55 to 120 inches
or more. The mineral.oo. material ranges from gravelly loamy sand
and sandy loam to silty day loam and day. Three to five organic
layers lLre present. EaCh ranges from 10 to 20 inches in thicbess
and from clArk reddish brown to dusky red in color. In t>1aces layers
3 to 15 inches thick of ligh~y Of l~t brownish-cray diatomaceous
earth and layers 6 to 1~ mches tliick of brown 01' gra~rown
diatomaceous earth are in between the o~ic layers, The upper
two la~ lLre s.t.rongly acid to slightly acid, and the lower layers
lLre medium acid to slightly acid.
These soils are very poorly drained. Permeability is
moderate. Roots penetrate to a depth of more than 60 inches.
These soils hold more than 10 inches of ",'ater available for
plants. Runoff is very slow to ponded, and the hazard of
water erosion is slight or nonexistent. A seasonal high water
table is at a depth of 0 to 12 inches.
Unless adequately drained, these soils are unsuitable for
cultivation. They are used mainly for growing pasture, bay,
and silage. They are also used extensively for gro"ing truck
and field crops. About 75 percent of the acreage of .th~
soils is cleared. Undrained areas are used mainly for wIldlIfe
habitat and recreation areas.
MukUteo peat, D1oderately~.hanow variant "(Mu).-
This soU is in basins or depressions. The upper 10 to. 20-
inches is very duskr red, fibrous sedge peat. Below this is a
layer. of dark reddish-bro'wn, fibrous sedge pmt, 12 to ~O
inches thick. Beneath this layer are layers of min<,ral sod,
mostly loam and sandy loam. The mineral soil mat<'rial is
at a depth of 24 to 36 inches in drained areas and at l\ d<'pth
of 30 to 48 incpl'8 in undrained art'as.
This soil ,is very poorly drained. P<,rmeability is mod<,rate
ill the. upper part and rapid in the low<,r part,. Root.s pl'lIl'-
tratc to a depth of more than 60 ineh<'S. This soil h()l~s morl'
than 10 inches of water available for plallts; Runoff IS vl'ry
Loa ITEM
.' s9
~._~ot~
exgru
[)t.\ 10 1:\1\. "IS :\NO Ai'iOOAns.Ii'C
34
SOIL SURVEY
slow to ponded, and the hazard of water erosion is slight or
nonexistent. A seasonal water table is at a depth of o. to 12
inches.
This soil is used mainly for growing pasture and truck
crops. Capability unit IIw-2; not assigned to a woodland
group.
Olete Series
The Olete series consists of well-drained, very gravelly
soils underlain br. basalt bedrock at a depth of 20 to 30
inches. These SOils are on rough, broken uplands. Slopes
range from 0 to 90 percent. Elevation ranges from slightly
above sea level to about 1,000 feet. These soils formed in
weathered ;basalt under Douglas-fir, western redcedar, red
alder, madrone, rhododendron, and sala.l. Annual precipita-
tion is about 28 to 32 inches. The average annual aiP tempera-
ture is 5O~. The above 32"F growing season ranges from
about 190.to 230 days, and the above 280F growing season
ranges from about 200 to 260 days. These soils are associated.
with Ahl, Alderwood, Clalla.m, Everett, Grove, Hoodsport,
and Triton soils.
In a representative profile the upper 3 inches of the soil
is dark reddish-brown very gravelly silt loam. Below this,
to a depth of 18 inches, is dusky-red very gravelly silt loam.
Beneath this, and extending to a depth of 24 inches, is
wea.k-red very stony silt loam that is 80 percent or more
coarse basalt gravel and stones. This material is underlain
by basalt bedrock, which is generally fractured. Rounded
pebbles and angular basalt stones are scattered throUghout
these soils.
Olete soils are almost entirely wooded, but a few acres are
used for rural homesites. .
Olete v~ gravelly sUt loam, 0 to 30 percent slopes
(OeD).-ThlS nearly level to hilly soil is in areas of upland
slopes. Most slopes range from 10 to 20 percent. _-
Representative profile 0.5 mile south of Knapp farm and
0.25 mile west of State Highway 9E; 'on logging road 150
yards southwest of basalt rock quarry in SW~NE~SW~
sec. 19, T. 28 N., R. 1 E.:
01-2 inches to 1 inch, leaves needles, and twigs.
02-1 inch to 0, decompoeed leaves, needles, and twigs.
B21ir-O to 3 inChes, dark reddish-brown (2.5YR 3/4) very gravelly
silt loam, weak red (2.5YR 5/2) dry; moderate, very fine and
fine, granular structure; hard very friable, slightly sticky,
nonplastici many fine and m;dium roots; 55 percent angular
pebbles; slightly acid; abrupt, wavy boundarY. (2 to 6 inches
thick)
B22ir-3 to 18 inches, dusky-red (2.5YR 3/2) very gravelly silt
loam, pale red (2.5YR 6/2) dry; massive; hard, friable, slightly
sticky, nonplastic; common fine roots; 65 percent angullf,r
~bI~i ~i~tly acid; gradual, irregular boundary. (10 to 16
roches welt
0-18 to 24 in ~J weak-red (2.5YR 4/2) _ very stony silt loam,
pale red (2.5xR 6/2) dry; massivej hard, friable, slightly
sticky, nonplastic; 80 percent CO&rBe lragments; slightly acid;
clear, irrerilar bound&ry. (2 to 8 inches thick)
R-24 inches, basalt bedrock.
Depth to basalt bedrock ranges from 20 to 30 inches. The B
horizons range from dark reddish brown to dusky red. Gravel and
stones in the B horizons range from 50 to 80 {>tlrcent. In the C
horizon texture is silt loam or loam. This horizon IS 75 to 90 percent
coarse gravel and stonel!. Basalt stones and cobbles are in the A and
B horizons in places.
Included with this soil in mapping are small areas of
Rock outcrop and shallow soils.
This soil is well drained. Permeability is moderate. Roots
penetrate to a depth of 20 to 30 inches. This soil holds about
2 to 4 inches of water available for plants. Runoff is slow to
medium, and the hazard of water erosion is slight to moder.
ate.
This soil is used mainly for production of trees and for
wildlife habitat and recreation areas. Capability unit Vle.l.
woodland group 3<12. '
O.lete ve:? gravelly sUt 101llIl, 30 to 50 percent slopes
(OeE).-ThIS steep soil is on upland slopes in rough, broken
country that has basalt outcrops and escarpments present
in places.
Runoff is rapid, and the hazard o.f water erosion is severe.
This soil is used for production of trees and for wildlife
habitat and recreation areas. Capability unit VIe.l; wood-
land group 3<12. . ~i
Olete-Alderwood eomplex, 0 to 30 percent slopes.
(OID).-This mapping unit is made up of about 60 percent
Olete very gravelly silt loam, 0 to 30 percent slopes, and 40,:
percent Alderwood gravelly sandy loam, 0 to 15 percent'
slopes. The Olete soil is rolling to hilly, and the Alderwood '
soil is undula~ to gently: rolling.
The soils of this complex are used mostly for production of
trees and for wildlife habitat and recreation areas. Small
areas of the Alderwood soil are used as permanent and sum-
mer rural homesites and for growing pasture, hay, berries. ;
fruit, and vegetables. Capability unit VIe-I; woodland
group 3<12.
Olete-Clallam eomplex, 0 to 30 percent slopes
(OmD).-This mapping unit is made up of about 60 percent
Olete very gravelly silt loam, 0 to 30 percent slopes, and 40
percent CIallam gravelly sandy loam, 0 to 15 percent slopes.
The Olete soil is rolling to hilly, and the Clallam soil is un-
dulating to gently rolling.
The soils of this complex are used mostly for production of
trees and for wildlife habitat and recreation areas. Small
areas of the C1a.llam soils are used for permanent and sum-
mer rural homesites and for gro\\ing pasture, hay vegetables,
fruit, and berries. Capability unit VIe-I; w~d group
3d2.
Olete-Hoodsport eomplex, 0 to 30 percent slo~
(OpD).-This mapping unit is made up of about eqUal
proportions of Olete very gravelly silt loam, 0 to 30 percent
slopes, and Hoodsport very gravelly sandy loam, 0 to 15
percent slopes. The,Olete soil is rolling to hilly, and the Hoods-
port soil is undulating to gently rolling.
The soils of this complex are used mainly for production
of trees and for wildlife habitat and recreation areas. Cap-
ability unit VIe-I; woodland group 3d2.
Olete-Roek outcrop eomplex, 50 to 90 percent slopes
(OrF).-This mapping unit IS made up of about 50 to 70
percent of an Ole~ very gravelly silt loam and 30 to 50
percent basalt stones and Rock outcrop. . .
Runoff is very rapid, and the hazard of \Vater erosion IS
very severe. This complex is used mainly for production of
trees and for wildlife habitat and recreation areas. Capability
unit VIIs-I; woodland group 3d2.
Phelan Series
The Phelan series consists of moderately well drained,
gravelly soils that have a very slowly permeable cemented
layer at a depth of 10 to 20 inches. The soils formed in glacial
till on stream and river valley side slopes in the western
Olympic foothill areas. Slopes range from 30 to 80 percent.
Elevation ranges from about 200 to 1,000 feet. Native vegeta-
LOG ITEM
# ~9
Page ._Lot.t.:I:-
exgru
D-.\.lD E\:.-.. "lS .~DAssoctAns.I~
.12
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Figure 9.-Tilted stratifaed shale and sandstone. Solleks soils
formed in material weathered from this bedrock.
This soil is used for production of trees and for wildlife
,habitat and recreation areas.
- SoIlcks channery silty clay loam, 30 to 50 percent
slopes (SSE).-This steep soil is on rough, broken mountain
foothills. In most places slopes range from 40 to 50 percent.
Representative profile in NWUSWUSWU see. 12, T. 26
N., R. 11 W., 1.8 mile.s up the Maple Creek Road:
01-2 inches to 1 inch, needlllB, bark, fragments of wood, and moss.
02-1 inch to 0, black (5YR 2{1), partly decomposed needles, bark,
fragments of wood, and moss, dark gray (5YR 4/1) dry; very
strongly acid; abrupt, wavy boundary. (1 to 2 inches thiek)
AI-o to 5 inches, dark reddish-brown (5YR 3/2) channery silty
clay loam, reddish gray (5YR 5/2) dry; moderate, fine and
medium, granular structure; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky,
slightly plastic; many fine, medium, and coarse roots; 35
percent coarse fr~ents; very strongly acid; gradual, wavy
boundary, (2 to 6 Inches thick)
A3-5 to 17 inches, dark-brown (7.5YR 3/2) very channery silty
clay loam, brown (7.5YR 5/2) dry; moderate fine and medium,
subangular blocky structure; slightly h;;d, friable, slightly
sticky, slightly plastic; many fine, medium, and coarse roots;
55 percent coarse fragments; strongly acid; gradual, wavy
boundary. (5 to 12 inches thick)
B2-17 to 30 inches, dark-brown (7.5YR 4/4) very channery silty
clay loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) dry; moderate,
medium and coarse, subangular blocky structure; slightly
hard, friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; few fine and
medium roots; 55 percent coarse fragments; medium acid;
clear, wavy boundary. (8 to 18 inches thick)
C-.30 to 42 inches, dark-brown (7:5YR 4/4) very channery silty
clay loam, light yellowish brown (lOYR 6/4) dry; massive;
slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastie; few fine
root.~; 70 percent coarse fragments; medium acid; abrupt,
wavy boundary, (10 to 12 inches thick)
H-42 inches, dark-brown, fractured shale bedrock; massive;
strongly acid.
The Al hori~on is 30 to 50 percent flat rock fragment.~ up to 6
inches in lengl.h. M(J.~t areas are flaggy or channen' at elevations
above 1,200 to 1,500 feet and gravelly at the lower elevations. The
B2 horiwn is dark-bl"Own, strong-brown, brown, and yellowish-
brown sill.y cla.y loam and clay loam. Flat rock fragments and
emll'se I!;ravel increase with depth, l'anging from 50 percent in the
A3 horizon to 70 percent in the C horizon.
Inc'luded with thii; soil in mapping are small areas where
,;lopes are 50 to 90 percent and areas where texture is silt
loam. As mueh as 35 percent. of some mapped area,; c(jll~i 't
of soils that. arc 30 to 40 inches deep over shall'. '. S
This soil is well draim-d. Permeability is modl'rnte. RO()1l
penetrat.e to a depth of 40 to 50 inches. This soil holds abou:
3 to 5 inches of water availa~lc ~or plants. Runoff is rapid
and the hazard of wa.t('r erosIOn IS severe. '
This soil is used mainly for production of trees and for
wildlife habitat and recreation areas. Capability unit Vle-t-
woodland group 2f1, I
SoIleks-Hoko associatiou, steep (SVE).-This 3.S.."Oci.
ation is made up of about 60 percent Solleks channcry silty
clay loam, 30 to 50 percent slopes, and 40 percent lIoko
gravelly silt loam, 30 to 50 percent slopes. Most of the Sollcks
soil in this association has 40 to 50 percent slopes, and the
Hoko soil has 30 to 40 percent slopes. The association is in
glaciated areas below elevations of 1,000 to 1,200 feet.
Runoff is rapid, and the hazard of landslip is moderate.
The hazard of water erosion is severe.
This association is used mainly for production of trees
and for wildlife habitat and recreation areas. Capability
unit VIe-I; woodland group 3dl.
Swantown Series
The Swantown series consists of somewhat poorly drained,
gravelly soils that have a very slowly permeable cemented
layer at a depth of 18 to 24 inches. They are on uplands.
Slopes range from 0 to 8 percent. Elevation ~ from near
sea level to about 600 feet. These soils formed In glacial till
under a forest cover of dominantly Douglas-fir, western
redcedar, bigleaf maple, red alder, and willow. Annual pre-
cipitation is 25 to 35 Inches. The average annual air tempera-
ture is 500 F. The above 32" F growing season ranges from
200 to 250 days, and the above 280 F growing season rang<'S
from about 250 to 300 days. These soils are associated mainly
with Alderwood, Belfast, Clallam, Everett, and Sinclair
soils,
In a representative profile in a wooded area, a thin layer
of organic litter covers the surface. The upper 5 inches of
the soil is very dark grayish-brown gravelly sandy loam.
Below this, .to a depth of 13 inches, is brown gr!l.velly sandy
loam. Beneath this, and extending to a depth of 22 inches,
is gray gravelly sandy loam. This material is underlain by a
cemented layer that formed in very compact glacial till.
Reaction is strongly acid to medium acid throughout thr
profile. .
Swantown soils are used mainly for production of trC<'S
and for wildlife habit.at.
Swautown gravelly sandy loam, 0 t08 percent slopei'
(StB).~This nearly level to gently sloping soil is in lowland
seep spots of terraees along the toeslopes of moderatel)
. steep, hilly glacial terraces.
Representative profile 120 yards east of West ChimicuD'
Valley Rood in NEUNWUNEU sec, 27, T. ~ N., R 1 W.
01-3 inches to 1 inch, leaves needles, and twigs.
02-1 inch to 0, dark reddish~brown (5YR 2/2), decompose<'
leaves, needles, and twigs; very strongly acid.
AI-o to 5 inches, very dark grayish-brown (10YR 3/2) graveIfi I~
sandy loam, grayiSh brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate, In'
and medium\ granular structure; soft, very fine, friable, no~
sticky, nonp astic; many fine, medium, and coarse rools;
percent gravel; strongly acid; clear, smooth boundary. (4 It
6 inches thick)
B2-5 to 13 inches, brown (10YR 5/3) gravelly sandy loanl, ver,
pale brown (lOYR 7/3) dry; common medium, distinct, s'.I'OJlf
brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles; weak, medium and coal'se, SlI )
LOG ITEM
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JEFFERSON COUNTY AREA, W ASmNGTON
an~~ blocky structure; ~lightly hard, finn, nonsticky, non-
plastic, many fine and medlUm rootsi 35 percent gravel- many
1l'On-manganese concretionsi strongly acid' gradual' wavy
boundarY. (7 to 12 inches thIck) , ,
CI-13 to 22 inches, gray (10YR 5/1) gravelly sandy loam light
gray (10YR 7/1) dry; common medium, distinctyell~wish-
broW!' -(10YR 5/6) and yellowish-red (5YR 5/6) mottles-
massive, compacted; hard; very finn, nonsticky nonplastic~
co~mon fine and medium roots; root mat at' the &ase of
honzon; 40 percent gravel; medium acid- gradual wavy
. boundary. (1~ to 12 inches thick) , ,
C2sim-E. to 32 mches, gray (10YR 5/1)~.weakly cemented very
graedi'Y~y ~dy' loam, light gray (10xR 7/1) dry; common
m ::. distinct, brown (10YR 5/3) mottles; m~ve;
:tr(9 " ~~~:) firm; 60 percent gravel; medium
~~~ v:ack~pact very gravelly sandy loam glacial till.
. The c!ePf th to the cemented layer is 20 to 30 inches. The A horizon
~ rom dark brown to very dark grayish brown in color. The
B hOrizon ranges from brown to dark brown and dark yellowish
brown.
Included with this soil in mapping are small areas where
the ~en~ layer is at a depth of less than 20 inches.
This soil 18 somewhat poorly drained. Permeability is
moderately rapid above the cemented layer and very slow
in the ~men~ layer. Roots ~etrate to the cemented
layer. This soil holds about 2 to 4 Inches of water available
f2l' plants. Runoff is slow, and the hazard of water erosion is
slight. A perched water table is at a depth of ~ to 1 foot
during the rainy season.
This soil is used mainly for production of trees and for
wildlife habitat and recreation areas. Cleared areas are used
for hay and pasture crops. Capability unit IVw-l; woodland
group 4w2.
Swantown gravelly loam, 0 to 8 percent slopes
(SuB).-This soil ~ a surface layer of very dark gray
~d very dark gra~h-brown gravelly loam 10 to 14 inches
thick and a subSOil of dark-gray to dark grayish-brown
pave1ly loam that has grayish-brown mottles. Below this,
18 a cemented layer. The soil is medium to slightly acid
throughout.
Included with this soil in mapping are small areas of soils
that have a surface layer 7 to 10 inches thick and a cemented
layer at a depth of 16 to 20 inches.
baIPermeability above the cemented layer is moderate. About
beenf the acreage of this soil is wooded. The other half has
cleared and is used for pasture and home garden
vegetable crops. In some areas this soil is used for rural
BIlDUner ho~esites. The most important uses for this soil
. are production of trees, wildlife habitat, and recreation
areas. Capability unit IVw-l; woodland group 4w2.
Swantown-Alderwood complex, 0 to 15 percent slopes
($wC).-This mapping unit is made up of about 60 percent
,~ Swantown gravelly loam, 0 to 8 percent slopes, and 40 per-
,cent Alderwood gravelly loam, 0 to 15 percent slopes. It is
onInnearly level to rolling upland glacial terraces.
D_u clud~ with this soil in mapping are small areas of
utmast silty clay loam, wet variant.
The soils of this complex arc used mainly for production
. Oabfilit~ees ~d for wildlife habitat and recreation areas. Cap-
ty umt IVw-l; woodland group 4w2.
Tealwhit Series -----,
This ~ries consists of poorly dra.ined soils that formed in
:,e gl~18.1 and alluvia! sediments_ T~ey arc on upland
eprCSSlons and along Wide stream or rlVer bottoms, either
43
along seepy areas at the base of rolling or steep uplands or in
old channels filled with sediment. Slopes range from 0 to 8
percent. Elevation ranges from slightly above sea level to
about 2,000 feet. Native vegetation consists mostly of western
redceda.r, western hemlock, Situ spruce, red alder, sa.lmon-
berry, swordfern, saIal, skunkcabbage, reed, and rushes.
Annual precipitation ranges from 100 to 165 inches. The
average annual air temperature is 470 to 500 F. The above
320 F growing season ranges from 160 to 190 days, and the
a.bove 280 F growing season ranges from 180 to 210 days.
These soils are associated with Ca.lawah, Boko, Kalaloch,
Klone, and Sekiu soils.
In a representative profile in a wooded a.rea., a 5-inch
layer of decayed and partly decayed forest litter covers
the surface. The. upper 7 inches of the soil is silty clay loam
that is dark reddish brown in the upper part and very c:Wk
gray below. Beneath this, to a depth of I? inches, is grayish-
brown, mottled heavy silty clay loam. The next lar.er, to a
depth of '1:1 inches, is grayish-brown, mottled light silty clay.
Beneath this is olive-gra.y, mottled heavy silty c1a.y loam that
extends to a depth of 42 inches. Below a depth of 42 inches is
very fine sandy loam that has strong-brown mottles.
Tealwhit soils are used mainly for production of trees and
for wildlife habitat and recreation areas.
Tealwhit silty clay loam, 0 to 8 percent slo,pcs
(TEB).-This soil is in concaVe to nearly level depresslons
and on flat to gently sloping, low terraces and stream and
river backwater areas. .
Representative profile in SE~SW~SW~ sec. 20, T. 26
N., R. 13 W., 2.1 miles west of U.s. IDghway 101 on Hoh
Indian Reservation Road, 0.3 miles southwest on logging
road, 50 feet east of road, and about 60 feet north of Fletcher
Creek:
01--5 inches to 2 inches, leaves, needles, bark, and fragments of.wood. .
02-2 inch. to 0, -dark reddish-brown (SYR 2~), partly decayed
leaves, needles, bark, and fragments of woOd.
A1-() to 4 inches, dark feddish..brown (SYR 2fJ) ailty etay 1oun,
reddish gray (5YR 5~!h1; m~ niedium and ~
granular Itructure. tlriable, -1;';'1..1_ 10:....... _1...0:..
fine and ..!_.J", ~ ~~. -, ...--.
common JIlCUlum roots; .ew ....... _to ~ese
concretio~i ~ atronglyacid; clear, W&T)' boundar;y. (2 to
5 inches wck)
A3-4 to 7 inches, ~ dark gray (SYR 3~1) and dark reddish-
brown (5YR 3/2) iilty etay loam.. gray 5YR 5/1) and reddish
gray: (5YR 5/2) dry;.moderate, fine an medium, ~
bl~ structure; hard, friable. Bticky, plastic; common fine
and medium roots; few fine, 110ft UoIl-ll1llDg8tlel concretioDB;
Itrongly acid; clear, wavy bOun~. (2 to 4 inches thick)
B21g-7 to 17 inches, grayiSh-brown 2.5Y 5/2) and light Olive-
brown (2.SY 5/4) heavy silty etay . light py (2.5Y 7/2)
and paI~ yellow (2.5Y 7/4) 4r7; common, fine, Promb!ent
yelloWish-fed (5YR 4/6) mottles; Itro~ a.ftd veI'f ~e,
subangular blocky Itructure; ~ f Bticky, _~;
common. fine roots; some Peds have reddiilJi:bnnni
(5YR 2/2) ~c coati!1P; Itrongly acid; cl.ear, W&T)' bound-
ary. (5 to 14 mches thick)
B22t;-17 to 27 inches, Jr.l'yish-brown (2.5Y 5/2) and liItht olive-
Drown (2.5Y 5/4) light silty clay, .light &raY ~.5Y"'1 /2) and
pale yellow (2.5Y 7/4) dry; DiOdera~ medium, PriBma:.tic
structure parting to moderate. fine and medium, subaDgular
blocky structure; very bani, ~ Tel)' ltielt:Y, very ~c;
common fine roots; strongly acid; graCl. uaI, W&T)' boUndary.
(6 to 12 inches thiCk)
B3g-27 to 42 inches, o1i~y (SY 5/2) heav;y silty ela.;y loem,
light ~y (5Y 7/2) dry; common, meCiium, prominent
yellow~red (5YR 5/6 and 5/8) mottles; weak, coarse,
prismatic structure; hard, firm, sticky, plastic; few fine roots;
strongly acid; elear, wavy' boundary. \7 to 15 inches thick)
IICg-42 to 60 inches, gray {5Y 5/1) very fine sandrloam, light
gray (5Y 7/1) dry; few, fine and medium, promment strong-
#
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LOG ITEM
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46
SOIL SURVEY
escarpments. Along thc upper part of the slopes the soil is
shallowcr to the cemented layer than it is along the lower
part of the slopes.
Runoff is rapid to very rapid, and the hazard of water
erosion is severe toO very severc. Most of the aereage of this
soil is used for production of trees and for wildlife habitat
and recreation areas. Capability unit VIle-I; woodland
group 4d2.
Tukey Series
The Tukey series consists of moderately well drained,
gravelly soils that have a very slowly permeable cemented
layer at a depth of 20 to 40 inches. These soils formed on
terraces in glacial till SlopeS range from 0 to 30 percent.
Elevation ranges from slightly above sea level to about 500
feet. Native vegetation consists mostly of Douglas-fir,
western redcedar, western hemlock, red alder, willow, wild
cherry, rhododendron, salal, and bracken. Annual precipita-
tion ranges from 17 to 25 inches. The average annual air
temperature is 500 F. The above 32" F growing season is
about 260 days, and the above 280 F growing season is about
320 days. These soils are associated mainly with Agnew,
Cassolary, Clallam, Dick, Everett, and Whidbey soils.
In a representative profile in a wooded area, a thin layer
of organic litter covers the surface. The upper 8 inches of the
soil is gravelly loam that is grayish brown in the upper part
and dark brown in the lower part. Below this, to a depth of
15 inches, is brown gravelly loam. Beneath this, and ex-
tending to a depth of 30 inches, is grayish-brown gravelly
clay loam. The next layer, to a depth of 36 inches, is dark
yellowj.sh-brown, hard, firm gravelly loam. Below a depth
of 36 inches is an olive-brown cemented layer that fonned in
very compact glacial till Cobblestones and stones are on
the surface and throughout the soil.
About half the acreage of Tukey soils is in small ranches or
is used for rural homesites and for growing pasture, hay,
berries, and vegetables. Besides tree production, wooded
areas of Tukey soils are also used for wildlife habitat and
recreation areas.
t.uk~g,ravelly loam, 0 to 15 percent slopes (TuC).-
ThiS nearly levelto"rolling sOil is on glacial moraine terraces.
Most slopes are 5 to 10 percent. .
Representative profile 60 yards south of U.S. Highway
101, opposite pole number 1818 in NW~SW~ sec. 34, T.
30 N., R. 2 W.:
01-1~ inches to 1 inch, needles, leaves, bark, fragments of wood,
and moss. .
02-1 inch to 0, black (5YR 2/1), partly decomposed orgamc
matter from needles, leaves, bark, fragments of wood, and
moss; medium acid; abrupt, smooth boundary. (1 to 1~
incheS thick)
A2~ to 2 inches, grayish-brown (10YR 5/2) gravelly loam, gray
(10YR 6/1) dry; weak, very fine, granular struc~ure; soft,
friable, nonsticiyJ nonplastic; many fine and medium roots;
25 percent gravel; medium acid; abrupt, smooth boundary.
(2 to 3 inches thick)
B21-2 to 8 inches, dark-brown (10YR 4/3) gravelly loam, light
brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dg' weak, fine, subangular blocky
structure; soft, friable, nonstickY, slightly plastic i many fine
and medium roots; 25 percent gravel; medium &C1d; gradual,
wavy boundt"'Y. (4 to 7 inches thick)
B22-8 to 15 inches, brown (lOYR 5/3) gravelly loam, light gray
(10YR 7/2) dry; moderateJ fine, subangular blocky structure;
slightly hard, friable, sligntly sticky, slightly. plasti.c; many
fine and medium roots; 40 percent gravel; medium aCla; clear,
wavy boundary. (5 to 7 inches thick)
B3-15 to 30 inches, grayish-brown (2.5Y 5/2) gravelly clay l~
lig.ht ,ray (2.5Y 7/2) dry; common, medium, prominent
yellOWISh-red (5YR 4/6) mottles; weak, medium, prismatic
structure; hard, finn, sticky, plasticl. common fine roots; 40
percent gravel; medium acid; gradUal, wavy boundary. (7 to
15 inches thick)
CI-30 to 36 inches, dark yellowish-brown (10YR 4/4) gravelly
loam, very pale brown (10YR 7/4) dry' many, large I prominent
yellowish-red (5YR 4/6) mottles and common, ~~ faint
l~t brownish-grar (2.5Y 6/2) mottles; massive; naru, firm.
slightly sticky, slightly mastic; few fine roots; 40 Jlercent
&r!lovel; medium aciQ; graclual, wavy boundary. (2 to 6 inches
thick)
CZaim--36 to 56 inch~ olive-brown (2.5Y 4/4) weakly cemeoted
gravelly loam, light brownish gray (2.5Y 6fJ) drY; massive;
~ haM, extremely fimij 40 percent gravelj neutral;
difiuse, smooth boundary. (18 to 24 inChes thick)
C3-56 in~ very compact gravelly loam g1aci8l till. (Many
feet thick)
The depth to the cemented layer ~ from 20 to 40 inches. The
A2 horisOn is ~rown to gra~ silt loam to gravelly loam. The
B21 horizon is dark-brown to dark ycillowish..brown gravelly loam
to gravelly clay loam. The B22 horizon is dark-brown to brown
graVelly loam or gravelly clay loam. The B3 horizon is ~yish..
brown to lilive-brown gravelly cla~ loam or gravelly loam. The Cl
horison ranges from brown to dark yellowish brown and the mnm
horizon ranges from ~ brown to olive !>>rown. ~
.ranges from strongly acid at the surface to neutralm the C homoos.
Included with this soil in mapping are small areas that
contain enough cobbles and stones to hinder cultivation.
This soil is moderately well drained. Permeability if
moderately slow above the cemented layer. Roots penetratf
to the cemented layer. This soil hoJ.c!s about 3 to 6.inches of
water available for plants. RunQ1f IS slow to medium, ant
the hazard of water erosion is slight to modera~. A ~
water table is on top of the cemented layer dunng the 1'lWl~
season.. .
This soil is used for permanent pastures of vanous grasse
and legumes and for home-garden berries and vegetables
It is also used for production of trees. Capability unit 1Ve-1
woodland group 4<12. .
~vell:r Insnn. 15 to 30 percent sl~.(TU.o).-
Tliis . y soil is on glacial terra.ees along t e margms 0
steep ravines or waterways. Along the upper Pa;rt of thes.
hilly terraces, the depth to the cemented layer IS 20 to 2-
inches and on the lower part the depth to the cementCl
layer is 24 to. 36 inches. . .
Runoff is medium, and the hazard of water eroslon J
moderate. This soil is used mainly for . production of t:~
and for wildlife habitat and recreation areas. Capabilit.
unit VIe-Ii woodland group 4d2.
Wapato Series
The Wapato series consists of P()()rly drained soils tha
fonned in glaciofluvial or marine sediments. They are unde;
lain by stratified material of mixed origin. These soDa ILl
on bottom lands and basinlike areas. Slopes range from 0.1
3 percent. Elevation ranges from 20 to 300 feet. Nath
vegetation consists mostly of western redcedar, red aIde
Douglas-fir, western hemlock, maple, willow, red elderberr:
salmonberry, sedges, and swordfern. Annual p~ipitatic.
ranges from 25 to 55 inches. The average annual all' temper:
ture is about 500 F. The above 320 F growing season rang.
from 160 to 250 days, and the above 280 F growing seas<.
ranges from 215 to 300 days. These soils are associat<
mainly with Belfast and Lummi soils. .
In a representative profile the upper 8 inches of the s{
is black silty clay loam. This is underlain by three layers '
LOG ITEM
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SITE PLAN
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SITE PLAN
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CHEVY CHASE
GEOLOGICAL HAZARDS ASSESSMENT
PORT TOWNSEMJ, WA
LOG ITEM
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SITE PLAN
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CHEVY CHASE
GEOLOGICAL HAZARDS ASSESSMENT
PORT TOWNSEND, WA
LOG ITEM
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