HomeMy WebLinkAboutExhibit 8 - 09D- HBV Mitigation Plan_Final_2.23.22Peninsula Trails Coalition
Hall Baetz Viewpoint Site
Mitigation Planting & Monitoring Plan
January 27, 2022
Location:
Jefferson Land Trust Parcel 902243044
31 Fairmount Road
Port Townsend, WA 98368
Exhibit 8
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Table of Contents
Project Overview ........................................................................................................................2
1.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 2
1.2 Applicant Information.......................................................................................................... 2
1.3 Project Location ................................................................................................................... 2
1.4 Project Description ............................................................................................................... 3
2 Summary of Existing Conditions .........................................................................................8
3 Mitigation.......................................................................................................................... 10
3.1 Proposed Mitigation ........................................................................................................... 10
3.2 Mitigation Goals................................................................................................................. 13
4 Performance Standards ...................................................................................................... 14
4.1 Buffer Enhancement .......................................................................................................... 14
4.2 Emergent Cover ................................................................................................................. 14
4.3 Survival ............................................................................................................................... 15
4.4 Invasive Species ................................................................................................................. 15
4.5 Soil ...................................................................................................................................... 15
5 Approach ........................................................................................................................... 15
5.1 Site Preparation .................................................................................................................. 15
5.2 Plant Procurement .............................................................................................................. 15
5.3 Planting Methods ............................................................................................................... 15
5.4 Planting Instructions .......................................................................................................... 16
5.5 Inspection and Maintenance Criteria ................................................................................ 17
6 Planting Plan ..................................................................................................................... 18
7 Monitoring ........................................................................................................................ 19
7.1 As-Built Report .................................................................................................................. 19
7.2 Monitoring Schedule .......................................................................................................... 19
7.3 Monitoring Methods .......................................................................................................... 20
8 Maintenance and Contingency ........................................................................................... 21
8.1 Maintenance ....................................................................................................................... 21
8.2 Contingency ........................................................................................................................ 21
9 References ......................................................................................................................... 22
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List of Figures
Figure 1. Vicinity Map ................................................................................................................3
Figure 2. MSA habitat site map showing critical area buffers in relation to project area...............5
Figure 3. MSA habitat site map comparison showing buffers reduced by 25%. Note that project
footprint encroaches on inner 75% of buffer, making a buffer reduction infeasible ......................5
Figure 4. Proposed Site Plan & Stormwater Calculations * ..........................................................6
Figure 5. Historic photo prior to farm pond being dug, and with the railroad grade still present
(6/17/1977) .................................................................................................................................9
Figure 6. Photo after farm pond was dug in unnamed creek, and railroad was removed
(7/25/2016) ............................................................................................................................... 10
Figure 7. Planting Area ............................................................................................................. 13
Figure 8. Planting Instructions ................................................................................................... 17
List of Tables
Table 1. Shrubs (678 total) ........................................................................................................ 19
Attachments
Attachment 1: Site Photos
Attachment 2: List of Native Plant Nurseries
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Project Overview
1.1 Introduction
This mitigation planting and monitoring plan has been prepared by Marine Surveys &
Assessments (MSA) to compensate for the construction of the Hall Baetz Public Viewpoint by
the Peninsula Trails Coalition. The project is located on parcels owned by the Jefferson Land
Trust (902243033, 902243044 & 902243020), within both stream and wetland Critical Habitat
Area buffers. This plan, along with the Habitat Management Plan developed by MSA for the
Peninsula Trails Coalition, complies with the Jefferson County Shoreline Master Program
(JCSMP) 18.25.580 for a Type III Variance and with Jefferson County Code (JCC) 18.22.250 (1)
and (3) for a Variance under Critical Areas. This mitigation plan will allow for the Variance by
complying with criteria under JCSMP 18.25.270 and JCC 18.22.740 for mitigation to achieve no
net loss of habitat value and function.
1.2 Applicant Information
Name: Peninsula Trails Coalition
Mailing Address: P.O. Box 1836, Port Angeles, WA 98362
Phone Number: 503.984.1995 (Steve Durrant, Landscape Architect)
Email Address: scdurrant@mac.com
1.3 Project Location
SW ¼ of Section 24, Township 29N, Range 02W
Address: 31 Fairmount Road, Port Townsend, WA 98368
Jefferson County Parcels: 902243033, 902243044 & 902243020
Latitude: North 47.98865º; Longitude: West -122.88356º
WRIA: 17 - Quilcene/Snow
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Figure 1. Vicinity Map
1.4 Project Description
The proposed work is to construct the Hall Baetz Viewpoint adjacent to the Snow Creek Estuary
where it enters Discovery Bay (Figure 2). The work will include the development of:
• 7,500 ft² concrete driveway & parking area for up to 10 cars,
• 1,240 ft² concrete pedestrian walkway,
• 660 ft² structures (viewing shelter & restroom shelter)
Thus, this work will consist of a total of 9,500 ft² of impervious surface area requiring
mitigation. See Figure 4 Site plan which highlights square footage calculations pulled from the
Stormwater Report prepared by MIG Inc.
Discovery Bay is protected by a 150-foot shoreline buffer under the Jefferson County Shoreline
Master Program (JCSMP). Additionally, the estuarine wetland, which shares a boundary line
with the determined Ordinary High Water Mark (OHWM) at the site, is protected by a 225-foot
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buffer under Jefferson County Code (JCC) 18.22.730 Table (1) (a), and the delineated stream
and pond are protected with 150-buffer under the JCC 18.22.730, Table (1). Both of the buffers
which extend into the project area also require a 5-foot setback for adjacent development.
Because there are multiple critical areas that were identified on site, the largest extent of the
combined buffer area was used to calculate the disturbance area. Most of the impacts, permanent
and temporary, fall within the 225-foot buffer for the estuarine wetland. Because the buffer
encompasses most of the parcel where construction is to occur, it is not feasible to do a buffer
reduction of 25% or less as per JCC 18.22.640(1). Instead, a variance as per JCC 18.22.250 (3)
(a) through (e) will be the pursuit:
(1) Requests for relief from the dimensional or performance standards of this chapter
shall require a critical areas variance which shall be processed as a Type III permit;
provided:
(3) In lieu of the criteria in subsections (2)(a) through (f) of this section, an applicant
may pursue a critical area variance through proof of all of the following criteria:
(a) The applicant has avoided impacts and provided mitigation, in accordance with this
chapter, to the maximum practical extent;
(b) The variance will not adversely impact receiving water quality or quantity;
(c) The variance will not adversely impact any functional attribute of the critical area;
(d) The variance will not jeopardize the continued existence of species listed by the
federal government or the state as endangered, threatened, sensitive, or documented
priority species or priority habitats; and
(e) The variance is based on the criteria and standards referenced in this chapter. [Ord.
5-20 § 2 (Appx. A)]
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Figure 2. MSA habitat site map showing critical area buffers in relation to project area
Figure 3. MSA habitat site map comparison showing buffers reduced by 25%. Note that project
footprint encroaches on inner 75% of buffer, making a buffer reduction infeasible
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Figure 4. Proposed Site Plan & Stormwater Calculations*
*For more detailed plans, see the Habitat Management Report
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Appendix A. of the Stormwater Site Plan prepared by MIG Inc., December 2021.
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2 Summary of Existing Conditions
The proposed project will be located on two parcels that are owned by the Jefferson Land Trust
(902243033 – 1.28 acres and 902243020 – 0.68 acres). These parcels are undeveloped land
located in a Rural Residential – One Unit per 5 Acres (RR-5) zoning area. Fairmount Road
borders the east side of the project location and a third parcel owned by the Land Trust
(902243044 – 2.89 acres) borders the west side.
The topography of the site is highest on the eastern and southern sides, along State Route 20.
There is a dirt parking area off of Fairmount Road near the intersection of Fairmount and SR 20.
From there the land slopes gently down to a plateau, where there was historically a single-
family-home on fill. From the old homesite, the land continues to slope to the west at a 10-15%
grade, down to what appears to be a manmade pond and unnamed stream, which converge with a
channel of Snow Creek that runs into south Discovery Bay (Figures 5 and 6).
The project area is composed mainly of non-native pasture grass species intermixed with young
native perennial shrub and tree species that have been installed by the Jefferson Land Trust as
habitat restoration.
The unnamed creek located to the west of the project site on Jefferson Land Trust parcel
902243044 has Black Cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa), with some Scouler’s Willow (Salix
scouleriana), Red Osier Dogwood (Cornus sericea), Creeping Buttercup (Ranunculus repens),
Common Cattail (Typha latifolia), and a lone Crabapple Tree (Malus sp.) growing along its
banks. Invasive plants on the site include: Himalayan Blackberry (Rubus. armeniacus), English
Ivy (Hedera helix), Reed Canary Grass (Phalaris. arundinacea) Canadian Thistle (Circium.
arvense) and Scotch Broom (Cytisus scoparius).
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Figure 5. Historic photo prior to farm pond being dug, and with the railroad grade still present
(6/17/1977)
Unnamed Creek
Location
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Figure 6. Photo after farm pond was dug in unnamed creek, and railroad was removed (7/25/2016)
3 Mitigation
3.1 Proposed Mitigation
The intent of this mitigation plan is to minimize potential impacts caused by the construction
project by enhancing ecological value and function on the site to achieve no net loss. The project
will add approximately 9,500 ft² of new impervious surface within estuarine wetland and stream
buffers. All impacts will occur in the eastern most portion of the buffer on land that has already
been historically disturbed by fill and compaction. This mitigation plan proposes planting and
managing a riparian buffer immediately adjacent to the existing unnamed stream channel and
pond where the habitat is currently marginal with an abundance of invasive species. This plan
calls for a dense planting of shrub species only that, when mature, will not inhibit the views from
the Hall Baetz platform, but will create additional lasting habitat structure along the riparian
corridor. An approximately 10,840 ft² planting area will be monitored for success as per the
performance standards listed later in this report. The planting area can be seen in Figure 7 with
planting details in Section 6. The 10,840 ft² mitigation area in this plan is slightly larger than the
Unnamed Creek
Location
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usual 1:1 ratio of mitigation to impervious impact area because the 9,500 ft² impervious surface
impact area is located within overlapping critical area buffers (See Figure 2).
In addition to the native planting riparian area, wildlife habitat features are included in this plan.
The estuary and adjacent open areas are ideal locations for the installation of nest boxes for
Purple Martin (Progne subis) and Western Bluebirds (Sialia Mexicana). This would be in line
with JCC 18.25.490 (1) (e):
(1) Policies.
(e) Recreation facilities should incorporate adequate orientation information and
public education regarding shoreline ecological functions and processes, the effect of human
actions on the environment and the importance of public involvement in shoreline
management. Opportunities to incorporate educational and interpretive information should
be pursued in design and operation of recreation facilities and other amenities such as
nature trails.
The overlook will provide an ideal location for educating the public on shoreline ecological
functions and processes as well as the wildlife that relies on a healthy functioning ecosystem.
The Olympic Peninsula Audubon Society has an active Purple Martin nest box project with
several successful installation sites, as well as a Western Bluebird study. The Audubon Society
would likely be a good resource for finding specifications on nest box construction and
placement. For more information, see the following links:
• Purple Martin - https://olympicpeninsulaaudubon.org/purple-martin-nest-box-
project#:~:text=In%20addition%2C%20on%20June%2025th,the%20Port%20Angeles%2
0Yacht%20Basin
• Western Bluebird - https://olympicpeninsulaaudubon.org/western-bluebird-study.
We recommend a minimum of 4 nest boxes (2 x Purple Martin and 2 x Western Bluebird) be
installed in the habitat either in or around the mitigation planting area outlined below (Figure 7).
Additionally, although it is not required as part of this mitigation plan, it is recommended that the
temporary disturbance areas surrounding the project (which total 14,862 ft² of disturbance
located within the critical habitat area buffer), as well as the slope transitioning to the riparian
area, be planted with a native prairie mix, which includes Common Camas (Camassia quamash).
There has been a movement on the peninsula to restore native prairies that once were abundant,
and there are many resources available for those who are interested in supporting prairie
restoration projects (see https://cascadiaprairieoak.org).
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A viewing structure, and the desired open space adjacent to the observation deck, welcomes the
establishment of low growing vegetation, that over time will not encroach on viewing
opportunities. Native prairie vegetation is ideally suited for this function, and once established,
the bunch grass and herb matrix is resistant to exotic plant encroachment, requires no watering
other than natural rainfall, and is tolerant to the browsing of deer. Many prairie plants have
showy blossoms, and with the appropriate species composition, provide appealing blossoms
from March/April (spring gold, camas, pink-eyed grass widow) to September (yarrow, showy
fleabane, goldenrod).
The establishment of prairie vegetation also fulfills critical conservation needs. “Grasslands,
woodlands, and associated communities comprise a biologically diverse ecoregion in western
Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia. These habitats contrast with the coniferous forests
that largely surround them and were historically strongly shaped by a pronounced summer-dry
Mediterranean climate together with the tending of Native Americans. Agricultural development,
urbanization, and forest encroachment have resulted in the loss over 90% of these habitat types
in most areas. Remnants are mostly small and highly fragmented. Conservation efforts focus on
restoring native species diversity, managing exotics and enlarging acreages to enhance ecological
resilience.” (Dunwiddie & Alverson, 2020). Especially useful are partially managed sites along
roadside and parking areas where open conditions are maintained in perpetuity. On the western
Olympic Peninsula, the purple, or edible camas Camassia quamash was formerly “common
wherever there were open areas [including bogs], though most abundant in the prairies”
(Buckingham et al. 1995, Tomimatsu et al., 2009, Reagan 1934). The moisture gradient, ranging
from low elevation wet sites to dry uplands near to the viewing platform will allow for a range of
meadow vegetation. Locally adapted prairie species can be sourced from nearby providers
including Inside Passage Seeds (Port Townsend) and Pacific Rim Institute (Whidbey Island).
If the Peninsula Trails Coalition and/or the Jefferson Land Trust do not wish to follow this
additional recommendation for adding a prairie planting area, then the minimum action that must
be taken in the disturbance zone of the project area is to restore it back to its original condition.
This will ensure that there will be less potential for impacts from erosion and/or runoff in the
area of the construction.
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Figure 7. Planting Area
*Note: the 14,862 ft2 of disturbed area that is listed in the legend is the amount of square footage
of disturbed area within the critical habitat buffer. That square footage calculation does not
include disturbed area located outside of the critical habitat buffer.
3.2 Mitigation Goals
Goal (1) Buffer Enhancement: Add native species in planting areas within the buffer. The new
planting areas will total at least 10,840 ft2 (Slightly more than 1:1 mitigation for new footprint
within the buffer because there are multiple critical areas) and will be located adjacent to the
stream and pond critical area. The planting plan will enhance the ecological value and function
within the critical area buffer by improving nutrient input and creating wildlife habitat.
Goal (2) Emergent Cover: 60% by year one, 80% by year three, 90% by year five.
Goal (3) Survival: 100% by year one, 85% survival by year five.
Goal (4) Invasive Species: No more than 10% cover by invasive species in any monitoring year,
with the exception of Reed Canary Grass. This exception is being made because Reed Canary
Grass is known to be a very aggressive and pervasive species at the site, and a goal of no more
9,500 sf New Impervious Area
14,862 sf New Disturbed Area*
10,000 sf Planting Area
LEGEND
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than 10% coverage may not be achievable or reasonable. Efforts should be made to reduce Reed
Canary Grass as much as possible, especially around the newly planted native plants, but a total
of 30% coverage will be allowable in this goal.
Goal (5) Soil: For newly planted plants, deconsolidate and amend soil where holes are dug
before plants are installed and add a minimum of 3” mulch.
Goal (6): Install a minimum of 4 bird nest boxes (2 x Purple Martin and 2 x Western Bluebird) in
and/or near the mitigation planting plan area, following specifications recommended by the
Audubon Society.
4 Performance Standards
Performance standards are measurable criteria for determining if the goals and objectives of the
mitigation project are being achieved. If the proposed benchmarks are not achieved by
comparing the surveys to the mitigation goals, then contingency plans will need to be
implemented, which are outlined in Section 8.2 below. All installed plants will be measured,
photographed, and monitored using the following performance standards:
4.1 Buffer Enhancement
Native plants will be installed in year one and photographs will be taken during subsequent
monitoring years. A comparison of photographs from previous years along with the percent
cover and survivorship standards outlined below will help in assessing the quality of the buffer.
The planting area is outlined in Figure 7, and a plant list found in Table 1 in Section 6.
Photo stations for the planting sites will be determined once the plants are installed and an as-
built report will be the baseline for future monitoring years. To meet survival performance
standards, individual plants that die must be replaced with the same species unless otherwise
suggested or approved by the project biologist due to site conditions and/or availability.
4.2 Emergent Cover
The percent cover standard will be monitored by using the Point Intercept Method of surveying
the planting plots. One or more transect lines will be established by stretching a measuring tape
between two points. The location of the transect will be staked and flagged at each end so that
the same transect can be surveyed each monitoring year. A data form will be used to collect
information at a minimum of 5-foot intervals, stopping along the tape to record what is located
directly beneath it at each interval point. If no plants are present, bare ground will be noted. Once
data is recorded, the following formula will be used to calculate the percent of bare ground:
(# of points with bare ground / total # of points evaluated) x 100 = % of bare ground
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4.3 Survival
Immediately after planting, all plants will be counted and documented. At the end of each
growing season (late August - early September), plots will be visited and a count of surviving
plants will be documented. The percent survival for the plots will be calculated by dividing the
total number of plants after planting by the total number of surviving plants at the end of the
season.
4.4 Invasive Species
Invasive species will be kept below 10% during all monitoring years, with the exception of Reed
Canary Grass, which will be kept below 30% coverage (See Section 3.2, Goal 4). No chemicals
shall be used for invasive species control, only mechanical methods.
4.5 Soil
A minimum of 20% organic matter by bulk density in the soil will be verified by invoices.
4.6 Bird Nest Boxes
A minimum of 4 nest boxes (2 x Purple Martin and 2 x Western Bluebird) be installed in the
habitat either in or around the mitigation planting area, following specifications outlined by the
Audubon Society.
5 Approach
5.1 Site Preparation
Topsoil around and beneath newly installed native plants will be comprised of a minimum of
20% organic matter. MSA recommends that the amended soil consist of 6” of coarse sand and 6”
of vegetative compost which should be worked into the soil before planting. After plant
installation, a layer of mulch at least 3” thick will be placed as a groundcover around the plants.
5.2 Plant Procurement
Plants will be selected from a regional native plant nursery. Invoices will be provided after
purchase. See Attachment 2 for a list of native plant nurseries and resources. Substitutions may
be necessary for species or individuals outlined in this planting plan, which cannot be found at
local nurseries. All plant substitutions will be approved by the project biologist prior to
installation to ensure their suitability for the site.
5.3 Planting Methods
The total square footage of native plant coverage was calculated using “on center” dimensions
(i.e. the distance between the center of one plant to the center of the next plant, when mature).
The average on center (O.C.) dimensions of each plant species was sourced from Sound Native
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Plant’s “Calculating Plant Quantities” guidelines, and a conservative estimate of coverage was
calculated using a typical plant quantity/coverage calculator.
5.4 Planting Instructions
Whenever possible, planting should be done between mid-October and mid-December as plants
grow roots during the cool weather, even when the tops of the plants are dormant. Planting
between mid-December and mid-April is also acceptable but more attention to supplemental
watering may be required due to drier seasonal weather conditions. Any nursery instructions that
come with the plants should be read and followed.
Plants should be laid out by hand. Dig a bowl-shaped hole for each plant at least twice the width,
and slightly deeper, than the potted plant’s container. Roughen the sides and the bottom of the
hole with a pick or shovel. If the soil is especially dry, fill the hole with water and let it soak in
before continuing.
Remove the plant from its container gently without pulling on the stem of the plant. Loosen
bound roots on the outer inch of soil and cut any roots that encircle the root ball to ensure that the
plant will not continue to grow within its “memory” of the pot wall confines. Set the plant in the
hole so that the top of the soil remains level with the surrounding soil. Fill the surrounding space
with loose topsoil comprised of at least 20% organic matter. Native topsoils are preferred,
whenever possible. Cover any exposed roots but do not pile dirt onto the stem or root collar, as
this can kill some plants. To discourage root rot, gently tamp down the filled soil to remove any
air pockets that may exist below ground, while allowing the soil to remain somewhat loose.
Form a temporary basin or trench around each plant to encourage water collection, and then
water thoroughly Figure 8).
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Figure 8. Planting Instructions
(sourced from City of Seattle Department of Planning and Development Environmentally Critical Areas
Standard Mitigation Plan)
Immediately after watering, mulch such as wood chips, leaves, or brown carbon rich compost
should be added to a 3” thickness over the entire planting area without covering the stems of the
plants. The mulch will aid in moisture, nutrient retention, and weed control. Heavy duty
woodchips are preferable in areas where noxious or invasive species may become a problem.
Staking of trees or shrubs should not be necessary unless in an area of high winds or the tree is
tall and has little roots. If staking is deemed necessary, use a thick rope or padding around the
trunk of the tree to prevent damage to the bark, and use the minimum amount of tension
necessary to achieve balance.
5.5 Inspection and Maintenance Criteria
Maintenance must be done twice yearly. No herbicides or pesticides are to be used, and all work
should be performed by hand whenever possible, with the lightest possible equipment where
such use is necessary.
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During year one, every failed plant must be replaced. During year one, and during the first year
after any replacement planting, plantings must receive one inch of water at least once weekly
between June 15 and September 15. Trees and shrubs must be weeded to the dripline, and mulch
must be maintained at a depth of three inches. Weed herbaceous plantings as necessary (flowers,
ferns, etc.). All litter and non-native vegetation must be removed (e.g., Himalayan blackberry
(Rubus armeniacus), reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea), evergreen blackberry (Rubus
laciniatus), Scots broom (Cytisus scoparius), English ivy (Hedera helix), morning glory
(Convolvulus arvensis), Japanese knotweed (Reynoutria japonica), etc.) and properly disposed of
off-site. Any receipts obtained from work done on the site should be included in the annual
monitoring report.
6 Planting Plan
To cover a minimum of 10,840 ft2 with native plants, it has been determined that 678 shrubs will
be required for this area. Plant species appropriate for this site are listed in the table below.
Plants should be laid out in clusters to mimic natural plant distribution and to allow easy cross
pollination. Hydrology and light conditions should be observed on site when choosing the layout
of plants. Planting plan locations may vary based on actual site conditions, including existing
native species. Existing native species will be documented during the as-built visit and included
when measuring performance standards. The total number of installed plants should be 678,
chosen from the table below, out of which the individual species quantities may vary – however,
at least 20 of each species listed in the table should be planted to ensure diversity of plant species
coverage. Plants will be selected from a regional native plant nursery. The species in the
following tables were selected to create insect and bird habitat, while considering hardiness,
ecology, and aesthetics. Site photos of the proposed planting areas can be viewed in Attachment
1.
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Table 1. Shrubs (678 total)
*Note: These plants will be better in the southern zone of the planting area due to height at maturity (view
blocking potential).
7 Monitoring
7.1 As-Built Report
An as-built drawing and report will be submitted as documentation of the implementation of the
approved planting plan within one month of installation. The plan will include a
quantitative final list of species, vegetation descriptions, and photo documentation from
established photo stations. A panoramic photo of the entire mitigation site will also be provided.
Photos should be taken between June and September, during the growing season.
7.2 Monitoring Schedule
Monitoring will take place over a period of five years at the end of the growing season (late
August or early September) of each monitoring year. The performance standards will be
monitored by measuring plots within the planting area, which will be established and mapped
Quantity Botanical Name Common Name Average
Density
Sun/Shade
TBD Cornus stolonifera Redtwig Dogwood 4-feet O.C. Full sun or partial
shade
TBD Corylus cornuta
californica Western Hazelnut 4-feet O.C. Full sun or partial
shade
TBD Lonicera involucrata Black Twinberry 4-feet O.C. Full sun or partial
shade
TBD *Malus fusca Pacific Crabapple 4-feet O.C. Full sun or partial
shade
TBD Ribes sanguineum Red-flowering
Currant 4-feet O.C. Full sun or partial
shade
TBD Rosa pisocarpa Peafruit Rose 4-feet O.C. Full sun or partial
shade
TBD Rubus spectabilis Salmonberry 4-feet O.C. Full sun or partial
shade
TBD *Salix hookeraina Hooker’s Willow 4-feet O.C. Full sun or partial
shade
TBD Spiraea douglasii Hardhack 4-feet O.C. Full sun or partial
shade
TBD Symphoricarpos albus Snowberry 4-feet O.C. Full sun or partial
shade
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after the planting occurs. Collected data and photos will be compiled into an annual Riparian
Planting Report, which will be submitted by October 31 each monitoring year for five years.
7.3 Monitoring Methods
Each annual monitoring report shall include written and photographic documentation on plant
mortality and any replanting efforts. There will be specific locations where photos will be taken
from for each plot, and these photo points will be referenced on the as-built plan. The site will
have at least two photo points per planting area. Each year, photos will be taken at the established
photo points for each area, and these successive photos will be used for comparison over the five
years. Photos will be taken at all established photo points for all monitoring years to provide
visual documentation of the performance standards progress, or lack thereof. In addition to photos
at designated locations, photo documentation must include a panoramic view of each planting
area. Submitted photos must be formatted on standard 8.5" by 11" paper, and must include the date
the photo was taken, as well as the direction from which the photo was taken. The established
photo location points must be identified on a site drawing.
Percent cover will be measured using the point intercept method as described above in the
Performance Standards (Section 4). There will be at least one transect and transect locations will
be shown on the site plan. Up to 20% of any stratum can be composed of desirable native
volunteers when measuring cover. No more than 10% cover of non-native or other invasives
(e.g., Himalayan Blackberry, Japanese Knotweed, Evergreen Blackberry, Scots Broom, English
Ivy, Morning Glory, etc.) is permissible in any monitoring year, with the exception of Reed
Canary Grass, which will have 30% allowable coverage.
A qualitative review of the condition of the site’s hydrology (e.g., erosion, slope stability, etc.),
soil health, buffer condition, and wildlife use will be included in the monitoring report. The
Monitoring Report will also document whether the performance standards are being met.
The results of the Monitoring Report will determine whether contingency measures will be
needed. If deficiencies are found, they will be corrected within 60 days. Monitoring may be
extended if mitigation plan goals have not been met. Receipts for any maintenance activities
such as re-planting, dump runs for weed removal, structural replacement, etc. will be provided to
the project biologist to include in the monitoring report. The applicants will be responsible for
the maintenance of their site, and will hire a biologist of their choosing, if required, to conduct
the as-built and monitoring surveys and to prepare the required reports to document the progress.
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8 Maintenance and Contingency
8.1 Maintenance
Maintenance shall occur at least twice during the growing season to ensure the survival of all
native species within the mitigation area, including volunteer natives. Watering by hand or
sprinkler may be necessary during year number one until the plants are established (see Section
5.5). Water requirements will depend on the timing of planting with the seasons and weather
conditions. Once plants are established, extra watering may not be necessary. Hand weeding may
be necessary around all plants that are being monitored for survival and coverage.
If the required survival rate is not met by the end of any monitoring year, plants lost to mortality
will be replaced to achieve the percentage cover performance standard described above. Prior to
replacement, observations will be made on plants that did not survive in order to attempt to
determine whether their survival was affected by species/site selection, damage caused by
wildlife, or other factors. Subsequent contingency actions must be designed to respond directly
to any stressor(s) that are determined to have increased the mortality of planted native species. If
it is found that a particular species is not surviving well at the site, a more appropriate species
will be selected for its replacement. If excessive damage by wildlife, exposure, or other elements
is observed, protective measures may need to be introduced. Monitoring years may be added if
significant re-planting becomes necessary.
Monitoring on an annual basis for five years will occur with photographs to determine the
survival rate of the transplanted area. If 100% success is achieved before reaching the five-year
mark, monitoring will continue without extra replanting efforts.
8.2 Contingency
Contingency actions must be designed to respond directly to any stressor(s) that are determined
to have increased the mortality of planted native species. If it is found that a particular plant
species is not surviving well at the site, a more appropriate species will be selected for its
replacement. If excessive damage by wildlife, exposure, or other elements is observed, protective
measures may need to be introduced. Monitoring years may be added if significant re-planting
becomes necessary. Monitoring on an annual basis for five years will occur with photographs
and measurements outlined in Section 7.3 to determine the survival rate of the transplanted area.
Peninsula Trails Coalition Planting & Monitoring Plan MSA | 22
9 References
Buckingham N, Schreiner E. Kaye T, Burger J, Tisch E. 1995. Flora of the Olympic Peninsula.
Northwest Interpretive Association and the Washington Native Plant Society.
Dunwiddie PW, Alverson, ER. 2020. Prairies, Savannas, and Oak Woodlands of the Pacific
Northwest. In: Goldstein, M.I., DellaSala, D.A. (Eds.), Encyclopedia of the World's
Biomes, vol. 3. Elsevier, pp. 489–504. ISBN: 9780128160961
Elzinga, C. L., D. W. Salzer, and J. W. Willoughby. 1998. Measuring and Monitoring Plant
Populations. Bureau of Land Management Technical Reference 1730-1, BLM/RS/ST-
98/005+1730.
Franklin, J.T. and C.T. Dyrness. 1973. Natural vegetation of Oregon and Washington. USDA,
Forest Service, Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-8.
Jefferson County Critical Areas Code Section 18.22.
Olympic Peninsula Audubon. https://olympicpeninsulaaudubon.org/
Pojar and Mackinnon 1994. Plants of the Pacific Northwest Coast, Washington, Oregon British
Columbia & Alaska.
Purple Martin Conservation Association. https://www.purplemartin.org/
Reagan A. 1934. Plants use by the Hoh and Quileute Indians. Transactions of the Kansas
Academy of Sciences. Vol. 37.
Tomimatsu H, Kephart S, Bellend M. 2009. Phylogeograpy of Cammasia quamash in western
North America: postglacial colonization and transport by indigenous peoples. Molecular
Ecology 18:3918-3928.
Woodbrook Native Plant Nursery. 2021 Plant List. - https://woodbrooknativeplantnursery.com/
Peninsula Trails Coalition Planting & Monitoring Plan MSA | 23
Attachment 1.
Site Photos
Peninsula Trails Coalition Planting & Monitoring Plan MSA | 24
Overall view of site with the mitigation planting area outlined in blue (north is to the left)
Southeast end of planting area – heavy with invasive Himalayan Blackberry and Reed Canary Grass
along the stream channel
Peninsula Trails Coalition Planting & Monitoring Plan MSA | 25
Looking south from the east side of the pond/stream channel – proposed planting area.
Looking southwest from the pond edge in the proposed riparian planting area. The pond meets the
saltwater (where the railroad was removed) and is clearly delineated by change in vegetation from
freshwater to salt tolerant plants.
Peninsula Trails Coalition Planting & Monitoring Plan MSA | 26
Attachment 2.
List of native plant nurseries
Peninsula Trails Coalition Planting & Monitoring Plan MSA | 27
Native Plant Sources for the Pacific Northwest
This list contains those nurseries known to Permitting staff that grow plants native to the Puget lowlands of
Western Washington in quantities suitable for most mitigation sites. It was extracted from a longer list compiled by the Water and Land Resources Division (WLRD) of King County for your convenience, drawing
in part on the Hortus West native plant directory and journal: Hortus West, P.O. Box 2870, Wilsonville, OR
97070. 800-704-7927. Fax: 503-570-0855. E-mail: editor@hortuswest.com. It is not an endorsement of these
businesses. The full list is available from WLRD at 206-296-6519.
Nurseries that specialize in seeds are marked (SEEDS).
Abundant Life Seed Foundation (SEEDS) Davenport Seed Corporation (SEEDS) P.O. Box 772 P.O. Box 187 Port Townsend, WA 98368 Davenport, WA 99122-0187
360-385-5660 800-828-8873
Barford's Hardy Ferns Emmery's Gardens 23622 Bothell Way 2829 - 164th Avenue SW Bothell, WA 98248 Lynnwood, WA 98037
Phone: 425-438-0205 Phone: 425-743-4555
Fax: 206-483-0205 Fax: 425-743-0609
Botanica Firetrail Nursery P.O. Box 19544 3107 - 140th Street NW Seattle, WA 98109 Marysville, WA 98271
206-634-1370 360-652-9021
Clark's Native Trees and Shrubs Frosty Hollow Ecological Restoration (SEED)
1215 - 126th Avenue SE P.O. Box 53 Everett, WA 98208 Langley, WA 98260
206-337-3976 360-579-2332
Cold Creek Nursery Heathwood Cottage Nursery
18602 NE 165th Street 18540 - 26th Avenue NE Woodinville, WA 98072 Lake Forest Park, WA 98072 425-788-0201 206-363-3189
Colvos Creek Farm IFA Nurseries, Inc.
P.O. Box 1512 463 Eadon Road
Vashon, WA 98070 Toledo, WA 98591
206-441-1509 425-864-2803
Inside Passage (SEEDS) Sound Native Plants P.O. Box 639 P.O. Box 10155
Port Townsend, WA 98368 Olympia, WA 98502
206-781-3575 Phone: 360-352-4122
Fax: 360-943-7026
Peninsula Trails Coalition Planting & Monitoring Plan MSA | 28
J & J Landscape Co. Storm Lake Growers 19538 - 75th NE 21809 - 89th SE
Bothell, WA 98011 Snohomish, WA 98290
360-794-4842
Judd Creek Wetland and Native Plant Nursery Sweet Briar 20929 - 111th Avenue SE P.O. Box 25 Vashon, WA 98070 Woodinville, WA 98072
206-463-2812 425-821-2222
MSK Nursery Thorsett Landscaping Nursery 20066 - 15th Avenue NW 13503 Southeast 226th Place Seattle, WA 98177 Kent, WA 98042 206-546-1281 253-361-5838
Northfork Nursery Wabash Farms Native Plants 15751 Polson Road Ornamental and Reclamation Mt. Vernon, WA 98273-7142 19390 SE 400th
360-445-4741 Enumclaw, WA 98022
Phone: 360-825-7051 Fax: 360-825-1949
Pacific Natives & Ornamentals Weyerhauser-Western Revegetation Greenhouse P.O. Box 23 33405 - 8th Avenue South
Bothell, WA 98041 Federal Way, WA 98003
Phone: 425-483-8108 800-732-4769 Fax: 425-487-6198
Revegetate & Resource Plants Woodbrook Native Plant Nursery
17836 Cedar Grove Road 5919 78th Ave NW
Maple Valley, WA 98038 Gig Harbor, WA 98335
425-432-9018 253-857-6808, woodbrk@harbornet.com
Sourced from the King County Critical Areas Restoration and Enhancement document, Appendix A 2020