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HomeMy WebLinkAbout9.1 Cover & TOC 2018_12 Jefferson County Comprehensive Plan December 2018 Photos courtesy of the Collection of the Jefferson County Historical Society, Carolyn Gallaway, and Jefferson County. CONTENTS Jefferson County Comprehensive Plan December 2018 TABLE OF CONTENTS VISION STATEMENT PLAN FOUNDATION i Introduction i Planning Area ii Comprehensive Plan Purpose iv Why Plan? iv Guiding Land Use & Growth Decisions iv The Growth Management Act vi The County-wide Planning Policy viii Jefferson County’s Compliance Strategy ix Planning Process & Public Participation x Planning Since 1991 x Considering Alternative Futures xi Plan Creation & Amendment xii Public Involvement xii Vision Statement xiii Framework Goals xiv Using This Comprehensive Plan xvii Comprehensive Plan Contents xvii Related Plans xviii Community Plans xviii Wayfinding: Western Jefferson County xviii Plan Implementation & Monitoring xix The Decision-Making Process xix Limitations in County Finance Structure to Implement Plan xix Volunteerism xx Amending this Comprehensive Plan xx Comprehensive Plan Amendment Appeals xxii Growth Management Hearings Board Review xxii Judicial Review xxii Monitoring xxii CONTENTS Jefferson County Comprehensive Plan December 2018 1 LAND USE 1–1 1.1 Framework 1–1 Land Use Typologies 1–2 Population Projections 1–4 Land Use, Health, & Surface Water Analysis 1–8 Land Use Inventory & Analysis 1–8 Land Use & Public Health 1–10 Review of Surface Water Conditions & Existing Polluted Discharges 1–14 Land Use Strategy 1–15 Land Use & Zoning Designations 1–15 Rural Designations 1–19 Resource Land Designations 1–23 Master Planned Resort Designations 1–24 Urban Growth Area Designations 1–26 Public Designations 1–27 Major Industrial Development & Industrial Land Banks 1–28 Legal Nonconforming Uses & Lots 1–28 Establishing Allowed Uses & Regulations Within Land Designations 1–28 From Rural Character to Development Regulations 1–28 Rural Character & Review of Regulations for Land Uses, Development Patterns, & Nuisances 1–29 Community Planning Efforts 1–31 County-wide Planning Policies 1–34 Rural Areas Policies 1–34 Urban Growth Areas & Services 1–34 Overarching Land Use Goals & Policies 1–36 General Land Use 1–36 Land Use Consistency with Naval Base Kitsap 1–37 Industrial Development 1–39 Housing 1–39 Public Purpose Lands 1–40 Transportation 1–40 Environment 1–41 Drainage, Flooding, Stormwater Management, & Polluted Discharges 1–43 Flood Hazards 1–44 Groundwater 1–44 Legal Nonconforming Uses 1–46 Permit Processing 1–47 1.2 Rural 1–48 Rural Character 1–48 CONTENTS Jefferson County Comprehensive Plan December 2018 Limited Areas of More Intensive Rural Development 1–50 Rural Centers, Crossroads, & MPRs 1–50 Rural Commercial Areas: Centers & Crossroads 1–52 Master Planned Resorts 1–69 Evaluation of Rural Commercial Boundaries 1–73 Periodic Review of LAMIRDs & GMA Implementation Challenges in Rural Counties 1–77 Rural Industrial Lands 1–82 Forest Resource-Based Industrial Zones 1–92 Economic Activities Outside of Rural Commercial Areas 1–94 West Jefferson County 1–95 Rural Goals & Policies 1–96 Rural Character 1–96 Rural Centers, Crossroads, & MPRs 1–99 Rural Industrial Lands 1–104 Economic Activities Outside of Rural Commercial Areas 1–105 Capital Facilities in Rural Areas 1–107 1.3 Resource 1–109 Resource Lands of Long-Term Commercial Significance under the GMA 1–109 Forest 1–109 Mineral 1–109 Agriculture 1–110 Resource Conservation 1–110 Resource Lands Goals & Policies 1–111 1.4 Urban 1–112 Urban Growth Areas 1–112 Municipal & Unincorporated 1–112 Port Hadlock / Irondale Urban Growth Area 1–113 History of Planning 1–113 Phased Implementation 1–119 Alternative Phasing Sewer Policy 1–120 Land Use Map & Zoning Designations 1–121 Dwelling Unit & Population Holding Capacity Analysis 1–124 Housing Variety & Affordability 1–124 Urban Growth Area Goals & Policies 1–125 Urban Level Capital Facilities 1–129 Stormwater Management 1–130 Transportation 1–132 Green Space Planning in Urban Growth Area 1–133 1.5 Action Plan 1–134 CONTENTS Jefferson County Comprehensive Plan December 2018 2 NATURAL RESOURCES 2–1 2.1 Purpose 2–2 2.2 Trends & Opportunities 2–3 Conditions & Trends 2–3 Forest Lands 2–3 Mineral Lands 2–4 Agricultural Lands 2–6 Aquaculture Resources 2–7 Challenges & Opportunities 2–7 Forest Lands 2–7 Mineral Resources 2–8 Agriculture 2–9 2.3 Natural Resources Plan 2–11 Forest Lands 2–11 Mineral Lands 2–12 Agricultural Lands 2–14 Aquaculture Resources 2–18 2.4 Goals & Policies 2–23 2.5 Action Plan 2–29 3 HOUSING 3–1 3.1 Purpose 3–2 3.2 Trends & Opportunities 3–2 Housing Affordability & Attainability 3–10 Assisted Housing Programs & Resources in Jefferson County 3–11 Homelessness 3–12 3.3 Housing Plan 3–13 3.4 Goals & Policies 3–15 3.5 Action Plan 3–19 4 OPEN SPACE, PARKS & RECREATION, HISTORICAL & CULTURAL PRESERVATION 4–1 4.1 Purpose 4–2 4.2 Trends & Opportunities 4–2 Conditions & Trends 4–2 Challenges & Opportunities 4–4 CONTENTS Jefferson County Comprehensive Plan December 2018 4.3 Open Space, Parks & Recreation, Historical & Cultural Preservation Plan 4–5 Jefferson County Parks, Recreation & Open Space Plan 4–5 Open Space 4–6 Historical & Cultural Resource Preservation 4–7 4.4 Goals & Policies 4–8 4.5 Action Plan 4–12 5 ENVIRONMENT 5–1 5.1 Purpose 5–1 5.2 Trends & Opportunities 5–2 Environmental Considerations 5–2 Watershed Planning & Fish Habitat Recovery 5–2 Designating & Protecting Critical Areas 5–4 Regulating Shorelines 5–4 Addressing Environmental Impacts in Conditional Use & the State Environmental Policy Act 5–4 Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions & Addressing Climate Change 5–5 Environmentally Friendly Development Techniques 5–6 Environmental Nuisance Factors 5–6 Balancing Environmental Protection With Community Needs 5–7 5.3 Environment Plan 5–8 Critical Areas Maps 5–8 5.4 Goals & Policies 5–14 Water Resources 5–14 Shorelines 5–16 Environmental Nuisance Factors (Excessive Light, Glare, Odor, & Noise) 5–17 Critical Areas Regulated Under the Critical Areas Ordinance 5–17 5.5 Action Plan 5–19 6 TRANSPORTATION 6–1 6.1 Purpose 6–1 6.2 Trends & Opportunities 6–3 Conditions & Trends 6–3 County-wide Conditions 6–3 Challenges & Opportunities 6–8 CONTENTS Jefferson County Comprehensive Plan December 2018 County Roads & State System 6–8 6.3 Transportation Plan 6–9 Roadway Level of Service 6–9 Concurrency 6–10 Transit Level of Service 6–11 Non-motorized Trail & Standards 6–11 Transportation Demand Management Strategies 6–15 Safety, Maintenance, & Preservation 6–15 Active Living 6–15 County-wide Transportation Improvement Program 6–16 Irondale/Port Hadlock Urban Growth Area 6–16 6.4 Goals & Policies 6–19 6.5 Action Plan 6–28 7 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 7–1 7.1 Purpose 7–3 7.2 Trends & Opportunities 7–4 Conditions & Trends 7–4 Unemployment Rate 7–4 Age 7–5 Wages 7–6 Taxable Sales Trends 7–9 Educational Attainment 7–10 Economic Sectors 7–12 Challenges & Opportunities 7–13 Strengths & Challenges 7–14 Jefferson County Economic Development Organizations 7–15 EDC Team Jefferson 7–15 Port of Port Townsend 7–16 Washington State University 7–17 The Chamber of Jefferson County 7–17 North Hood Canal Chamber of Commerce 7–17 North Olympic Development Council (NODC) 7–17 County-wide Planning Policies 7–19 7.3 Economic Development Plan 7–20 Workforce Development 7–20 Industrial & Manufacturing Businesses 7–20 Place-making for Visitors & Residents 7–21 Sustainable, Innovative Agricultural & Food Businesses 7–21 Infrastructure Improvements as Economic Development Strategy 7–21 CONTENTS Jefferson County Comprehensive Plan December 2018 7.4 Goals & Policies 7–24 7.5 Action Plan 7–29 8 CAPITAL FACILITIES & UTILITIES 8–1 8.1 Purpose 8–1 8.2 Capital Facilities 8–2 Overview 8–2 County-wide Planning Policies 8–5 Summary of Trends & Opportunities 8–6 8.3 Essential Public Facilities 8–6 Overview 8–6 Essential Public Facilities & Public Purpose Lands 8–7 Essential Public Facility Designations in Jefferson County 8–8 County-wide Planning Policies 8–9 Summary of Trends & Opportunities 8–10 8.4 Utilities 8–11 Electric Utilities 8–11 Providers 8–11 Duty to Serve 8–11 JPUD Inventory 8–12 Electricity: Future Capacity Needs & Requirements 8–14 Telecommunication Utilities 8–15 Telecommunications Systems Types & Regulations 8–15 Conventional Telephone 8–16 Cellular Service 8–16 Broadband 8–16 Telephone: Future Capacity Needs & Requirements 8–17 County-wide Planning Policies 8–18 Summary of Trends & Opportunities 8–19 8.5 Capital Facilities & Utilities Plan 8–20 Capital Facilities 8–20 Essential Public Facilities 8–20 Utilities 8–20 8.6 Goals & Policies 8–21 Capital Facilities 8–21 General 8–21 Potable Water 8–27 Sewer & Wastewater 8–28 Solid Waste 8–29 CONTENTS Jefferson County Comprehensive Plan December 2018 Surface Water Management 8–31 Essential Public Facilities 8–31 Utilities 8–37 General Capacity & Conservation 8–37 Telecommunication & Internet Utilities 8–39 Electrical Utilities 8–40 8.7 Action Plan 8–41 REFERENCES, PHOTOS, ACRONYMS, & GLOSSARY APPENDICES Appendix A: Community Engagement Summary Vision 2038 Appendix B: Resolution #38-15, Population Forecast & Allocations Appendix C: Transportation Technical Document Appendix D: Capital Facilities Plan Technical Document Appendix E: Port Hadlock/Irondale Land Capacity Analysis CONTENTS Jefferson County Comprehensive Plan December 2018 LIST OF EXHIBITS PLAN FOUNDATION I Exhibit A Jefferson County Planning Area iii Exhibit B Relationship: County-wide Planning Policies & Elements viii Exhibit C Comprehensive Plan Update Process Diagram xii 1 LAND USE 1–1 Exhibit 1-1 General Land Use Categories 1–3 Exhibit 1-2 Jefferson County & City of Port Townsend 20-year Population Projection & Distribution (2018-2038) 1–4 Exhibit 1-3 Population Shares 2010 & 2038 1–5 Exhibit 1-4 Employment: Quimper Peninsula Travel Demand Model Updated 2018 1–7 Exhibit 1-5 Current Land Use Map, 2018 Assessor Information 1–9 Exhibit 1-6 Current Land Use, 2018 Assessor Information 1–10 Exhibit 1-7 Recreation Trail Connections to Schools and Parks of the Irondale-Port Hadlock UGA and Chimacum 1–13 Exhibit 1-8 Land Use / Zoning Map 1–16 Exhibit 1-9 Land Use Designations / Zoning Districts & Acreage 1–17 Exhibit 1-10 Planned Residential Densities 1–18 Exhibit 1-11 Summary of Rural Land Use & Zoning Designations 1–19 Exhibit 1-12 Summary of Overlay Land Use & Zoning Designations 1–21 Exhibit 1-13 Summary of Resource Land Use & Zoning Designations 1–23 Exhibit 1-14 Summary of Master Planned Resort Land Use & Zoning Designations 1–25 Exhibit 1-15 Port Hadlock/Irondale Urban Growth Area Land Use & Zoning Designations 1–26 Exhibit 1-16 Public Land Use Designations & Zoning 1–27 Exhibit 1-17 Community Planning Areas 1–33 Exhibit 1-18 Location of Rural Commercial Areas & Master Planned Resorts 1–51 Exhibit 1-19 Rural Commercial Area Total Acreage & Infill Acreage 1–75 Exhibit 1-20 Location of Rural Industrial Lands 1–83 Exhibit 1-21 Transitional Rural Zoning 1–122 Exhibit 1-22 Irondale & Port Hadlock Urban Zoning 1–123 CONTENTS Jefferson County Comprehensive Plan December 2018 Exhibit 1-23 Estimated Total Dwelling Unit & Population Holding Capacity 1–124 Exhibit 1-24 Land Use Action Plan 1–134 2 NATURAL RESOURCES 2–1 Exhibit 2-1 NRCS Potential Mineral Source Soils 2–5 Exhibit 2-2 Jefferson County Farmland Classifications 2–6 Exhibit 2-3 Forest Lands Zoning 2–12 Exhibit 2-4 Map of Forest Resource Lands 2–20 Exhibit 2-5 Map of Mineral Resource Lands 2–21 Exhibit 2-6 Map of Agricultural Resource Lands 2–22 Exhibit 2-7 Natural Resources Action Plan 2–29 3 HOUSING 3–1 Exhibit 3-1 Housing Units by Type, 2017 3–6 Exhibit 3-2 Household Type, County-wide 3–7 Exhibit 3-3 Age, 2016 & 2040 3–8 Exhibit 3-4 Median Household Income 3–9 Exhibit 3-5 Unemployment Rate, Jan 2014-Dec 2016 3–9 Exhibit 3-6 Poverty, 2011-15 3–9 Exhibit 3-7 Housing Action Plan 3–19 4 OPEN SPACE, PARKS & RECREATION, HISTORIC & CULTURAL PRESERVATION 4–1 Exhibit 4-1 Jefferson County Parks 4–3 Exhibit 4-2 Open Space, Parks & Recreation, Historical & Cultural Resources Action Plan 4–12 5 ENVIRONMENT 5–1 Exhibit 5-1 Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas 5–9 Exhibit 5-2 Hydrography: Streams, Wetlands, & 1998 FEMA Flood Zones 5–10 Exhibit 5-3 Geologic Hazards 5–11 Exhibit 5-4 Critical Areas: Fish-Bearing Inventory & Primary Association Habitats 5–12 Exhibit 5-5 Seawater Intrusion Protection Zones 5–13 Exhibit 5-6 Environment Action Plan 5–19 6 TRANSPORTATION 6–1 Exhibit 6-1 Functional Classification Map 6–4 Exhibit 6-2 Transit Passenger Trips & Service Hours 6–6 Exhibit 6-3 On-Road Bicycle Routes 6–13 Exhibit 6-4 Multi-Purpose Paths 6–14 CONTENTS Jefferson County Comprehensive Plan December 2018 Exhibit 6-5 2018-2023 Six-year Transportation Improvement Program 6–16 Exhibit 6-6 Port Hadlock/Irondale Area Improvement Projects 6–18 Exhibit 6-7 Transportation Action Plan 6–28 7 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 7–1 Exhibit 7-1 Unemployment Rate 7–4 Exhibit 7-2 Population by Age 7–5 Exhibit 7-3 Comparison of Population by Age, 2016, 2040 7–6 Exhibit 7-4 Average Annual Wage by Sector, 2016 7–7 Exhibit 7-5 Employment Share by Sector & Inflation Adjusted Average Wage 7–8 Exhibit 7-6 Inflation Adjusted Annual Taxable Retail Sales 7–9 Exhibit 7-7 Inflation Adjusted Quarterly Taxable Retail Sales 7–10 Exhibit 7-8 Adult Educational Levels 7–11 Exhibit 7-9 Adult Educational Levels by Age Group 7–11 Exhibit 7-10 Economic Development Action Plan 7–29 8 CAPITAL FACILITIES & UTILITIES 8–1 Exhibit 8-1 Capital Facilities & Public Services Provided 8–2 Exhibit 8-2 Relationship of Capital Facilities Plan to County-wide Planning Policies 8–5 Exhibit 8-3 Distinguishing Public Purpose Lands from Essential Public Facilities 8–8 Exhibit 8-4 JPUD Electrical Income by Customer Class 8–13 Exhibit 8-5 Residential Population Electricity Demand 8–14 Exhibit 8-6 Overhead & Underground Fiber Optic System Location 8–17 Exhibit 8-7 Capital Facilities, Essential Public Facilities, & Utilities Action Plan 8–41 VISION Jefferson County Comprehensive Plan December 2018 Vision Statement OUR HOME Jefferson County, Washington encompasses approximately 1,814 square miles of land, bound on the north and east by the shores of the vast Salish Sea, with the Pacific Ocean to the west and the Hood Canal to the southeast. The terrestrial borders of Jefferson County join with Clallam County to the north and west, and Mason and Grays Harbor Counties to the south. Approximately 80% of the land within the total County acreage is in non-county public ownership. Jefferson County stretches across Olympic National Park and Olympic National Forest, and encompasses spectacular rainforests and mighty rivers including the Queets, Quinault, Hoh, Bogachiel, Quilcene, Dosewallips, Duckabush, and hundreds of miles of shoreline. The first inhabitants of this vast region were indigenous people belonging to a number of different groups who lived here for millennia, including who we now refer to as the Chemakum, S’Klallam, Klallam, Twana, Kilcid (“Quilcene”), Skokomish, Suquamish, Makah, Quinault, Queets, Quileute, and Hoh. Collectively, many of the early indigenous people are referred to as the Twana society, a name given to the Coast Salish peoples who were identified by their use of Salish languages. These people and tribal nations reside in Jefferson County and/or have affirmed treaty rights under the provisions of their “usual and accustomed grounds and stations” within Jefferson County and include the Jamestown S’Klallam Tribe, Port Gamble S’Klallam Tribe, Lower Elwah Klallam Tribe, Skokomish Indian Tribe, Suquamish Tribe, Makah Tribe, Quinault Indian Nation, Quileute Tribe, and Hoh Tribe . Early European settlements began in the mid-1800s. Today’s towns and villages, rural crossroads, and tribal nations in Jefferson County grew from early-established imprints of urban, commercial, and cultural centers. Snapshots of our history include the establishment of the city of Irondale in 1879, leading the way for development of the iron smelter of Puget Sound Iron Co., later to become Western Steel Company. The 1870s to 1890s represents the time in our nation’s history of extensive railroad construction and the Collectively, many of the early indigenous people are referred to as the Twana society, a name given to the Coast Salish peoples who were identified by their use of Salish languages. However, the Chemakum were not a part of the Salish language ethno-linguistic group. Although geographically isolated from each other, the Chemakum were linguistically related to the Quileute rather than the local Salish speaking people. The Chemakum are now considered to be extinct as an ethnological group and tribe, and the Coast Salish peoples in the northern-mid Puget Sound region are now subsumed into surviving groups and organized tribes. Federal treaties, formal tribal recognition, and movements to established reservation areas have also played a role in how the region’s indigenous groups have become the organized tribes of today. The Twana Society VISION Jefferson County Comprehensive Plan December 2018 anticipation that Port Townsend, a well-known seaport, would be the railroad terminus and prosper—coining the term “City of Dreams”. During that time in 1884, the large sawmill of Western Mill and Lumber Company was built in Hadlock. An oil boom in western Washington was underway in 1885 and the plat of Oil City in western Jefferson County was registered in 1911, and the same year the alcohol distillery plant making methanol from sawdust, was constructed in Port Hadlock. Irondale was a bustling boom town. World War I was on the heels of this time, starting in 1914. Jefferson County’s geographical setting contributed to strategic military installations on our shorelines and corresponding economic development from World Wars I and II. The post-war decommissioning of coastal defense systems at Forts Warden, Townsend, and Flagler began a turn away from the military’s contribution to the economy; and the industrial facilities that constructed them were largely gone. The short-lived steel plant had already closed in 1891, and Western Mill and Lumber Co. had closed in 1907 when the bottom fell out of the lumber market. 1913 marked the closure of the short-lived Alcohol Plant. While many people chose to leave for a more stable economic future, those who stayed found opening doors to other economic opportunities. The Paper Mill was constructed in 1920 and today is the largest private employer in the County. Remnants of our industrial past have become parks and points of interest. Over thirty-thousand people now live in small communities skirting the Olympic Mountains to the west and east. As both a refuge from metropolis surroundings, and a destination for economic opportunity, Jefferson County has stood out as a place where fishers, farmers, hunters, mariners, artists and artisans, foresters and outdoor enthusiasts, as well as independent and innovative entrepreneurs of every kind have subsisted and thrived in this working landscape. Jefferson county residents, throughout history rise to the occasion working to mark a new stories for them, their families, and the County. While County residents may be developing a new entrepreneurial idea, just trying to get by and survive, or working to build a new future together on the edge of this rural wilderness, they form a diverse community with a distinctive and collective Jefferson County identity forging a future together. VISION Jefferson County Comprehensive Plan December 2018 OUR VISION FOR 2038 The communities of Jefferson County embrace a balance of tradition and innovation while preserving the rural character of our land and lifestyles. Land use priorities have protected open spaces, forests, and farmland for long-term management and conservation, while also embracing innovations that foster opportunities for increased synergy between natural and built environments. Jefferson County believes that investing in our local economy, culture, and ecosystem yields benefits for current residents and future generations. Low-impact techniques, localized environmental remediation, and other innovations in housing and industry benefit overall ecosystem vitality and biodiversity while aiding ecological restoration and adapting to climate disruption. The vibrant community fabric offers opportunity for all residents, including working-class individuals and families; as well as those who struggle to live, thrive, and age with dignity. Jefferson County values creativity and life-long learning and reveres constitutional rights, personal independence and privacy; as well as working cooperatively as a community on issues that affect all. Jefferson County embraces diversity. We respect and honor tribal treaty rights and tribal sovereignty. Policies are in place to ensure that government-to-government collaboration and consultation is regular and ongoing. The County values high-quality education, public services, and facilities. Emphasis on community spaces and networks of non- motorized trails, bike lanes, and paths encourages interactive communities of healthy individuals. Community members of all ages have access to safe and active environments, healthcare— including preventative, mental health, and long-term care—as well as fresh and abundant local food. Jefferson County citizens value the strengths and resiliencies found in volunteerism, taking an active role in local government and participation in organizations and institutions supporting our communities. Volunteer initiatives and private services provide additional opportunities and forward momentum in communities when there are limited public funds and capacity, or when identified needs are outside of the purview of county government. Jefferson County enjoys a healthy and diverse local economy with wisely- considered economic development and balanced growth. Though people inevitably leave their mark on the natural landscape, through Public Health An additional value could be included regarding public health matching GMA’s encouragement for planning for active living per staff suggestions: “Jefferson County values: Environments that foster health for the entire population. We place emphasis on creating places that make it easy to lead physically active lifestyles and where there is access to nutritious foods.” Balancing Competing Interests Jefferson County’s setting, character, and economy attracts visitors and new residents alike. However, the County’s limited affordable housing supply presents challenges attracting and retaining families. This Comprehensive Plan establishes goals and policies balancing competing interests, such as affordable housing, economic development, and protection of environmentally sensitive areas. Together, Jefferson County can be a place of opportunity for all, while maintaining its character and environment. Additional Ideas VISION Jefferson County Comprehensive Plan December 2018 responsible planning, we are intentional with the type of mark we create, maintaining our character while allowing communities to develop and thrive. Sectors including food system development, marine trades and craftsmanship, healthcare and education, resource management, high- tech and science-based trades; and sectors relating to tourism, art and cultural events, among others, support our robust economy. We believe that investing in human potential and the resilience of our local economy, including improved infrastructure networks, yields benefits for current residents and future generations. Jefferson County honors and respects the natural world as integral to our health and lifestyles. The County protects open spaces, shorelines, forests, clean air and clean water, wildlife and wildlife habitat so that future generations may also practice stewardship of the land, the seas, and the communities of Jefferson County. VISION Jefferson County Comprehensive Plan December 2018 [ This page intentionally blank ]