Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAboutWetland Delineation 977700049 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I WETLAND DELINEATION AND ANALYSIS REPORT LIP LIP LANE PROPERTY WETLAND DELINEATION SECTION 9 TOWNSHIP 29N RANGE OlE MARROWS TONE ISLAND, WASHINGTON Prepared for: Les and Carol Ford 20533 103rd Avenue SE Kent, WA 98031-1566 June 5, 2007 Project Number ACL07W381 Prepared by: ALKA' CONSULTANTS, LLC. 9465 Provost Road NW, Suite 202 Silverdale, Washington 98383 Phone: (360) 613-2407 Fax: (360) 613-2408 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .... ......... ................... ............................................... ........................... ... ............ 1 GE N ERAL SITE CON DITIONS ........................................................ .............................. ............ 1 METHODOLOGY . ......... .... ............ .... ...................... ........................ .................... .......... ............. 1 Review of Existing Information ................................................................................1 Field Delineation...................................................................................................... 2 WETLAN D EVALUATION........ ....... ............ .......... ..................... ........ .......... .....Ii............... ..........2 BAC K GROU N DIN FORMATION ................. .............................. ................... ......... ....................3 Watershed............................................................................................................... 3 Jefferson County Soil Survey.................................................................................. 3 National Wetlands Inventory.................................................................................... 3 Priority Species Listing and National Heritage Features.......................................... 4 WETLAND DELINEATION RESULTS .......................................................................................4 General Wetland Conditions.................................................................................... 4 Soils.........................................................................................................................4 Hydrology................................................................................................................ 4 Vegetation............................................................................................................... 5 WETLAND EVALUATION RESULTS ........................................................................................5 Wetland Categorization........................................................................................... 5 SU M MARy........... .......... ..................... ........................ ....... ..................... ...................... ............. 5 REFERE NC ES .... .......... .................... ......................... ......... .............. ..... .... ........... .'........ .......... ... 7 Figures Figure 1. Site Vicinity Map Figure 2. Wetland Boundary Map Figure 3. Jefferson County Critical Areas Map Figure 4. Jefferson County Soil Survey Map Figure 5. National Wetland Inventory Map Figure 6. Department of Natural Resources Map Appendices A Field Methodology B Routine Wetland Determination Data Forms C Washington State Wetland Rating System Form D Soil Survey Text E Photographs ALKAI Consultants. LLC . 9465 Provost Road NW. Suite 202 . Silverdale. Washin~ton 98383 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I ALKAI CONSULTANTS, LLC. Environmental Engineering · Geotechnical Engineering · Wetland Consulting June 5, 2007 ALKAI Project # ACL07W381 Page 1 of7 WETLAND DELINEATION AND ANALYSIS REPORT Les and Carol Ford I(ent, VVashington INTRODUCTION ALKAI Consultants, LCC. (ALKAI) has been authorized by Dave and Jan Garing on behalf of Les and Carol Ford to perform a wetland delineation at the property located just west of Lip Lip Lane on Marrowstone Island, Jefferson County, Washington (Tax Identification Number 977700049). The delineation was performed on May 23, 2007. For the purposes of federal, Washington State, and Jefferson County jurisdictional oversight, methodology used for the wetland delineation is consistent with the definition provided in paragraph 25a of the Washington State Wetlands Identification and Delineation Manual (Washington State Department of Ecology [Ecology] 1997). The sections below provide: (1) an introduction to the site; (2) a description of methods used in the field delineation; and (3) technical results. GENERAL SITE CONDITIONS The subject property is located in the southeast quarter of Section 9, Township 29 North, Range 01 East (Figure 1). The parcel is a 2-acre lot, rectangular in shape, and accessed via Lip Lip Lane, off of Moen Road on Marrowstone Island, Washington. The parcel is primarily comprised of a forested plant community dominated by grand fir, western hemlock and Douglas-fir with an understory of red elderberry, osoberry, salmonberry, and sword fern. The site is undeveloped and generally undisturbed. The parcel is located on a gentle grade that gradually slopes to a depression in the northeast portion of the parcel. A wetland was identified on the parcel, referred to here as Wetland A. Figure 2 illustrates the wetland boundaries. METHODOLOGY Review of Existing Information Consistent with procedures detailed in the Washington State Wetlands Identification and Delineation Manual (1997 Manual) (Ecology 1997), ALKAI gathered preliminary information on the project site prior to the field review and delineation. General information sources included: United States Geological Survey (USGS) topographic maps, United States Fish and AlKAI Consultants. llC . 9465 Provost Road NW. Suite 202. Silverdale. Washington 98383 Phone: (360) 613-2407 . Fax: (360) 613-2408 Lip Lip Lane Wetland Delineation ACL07W381 June 5, 2007 Page 2 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Wildlife Service (USFWS) National Wetland Inventory (NWI) maps, Soil Survey of Jefferson County Area, Washington (United States Department of Agriculture [USDA] 1977), Washington State Department of Ecology (DOE) Coastal Atlas maps, Washington State Department of Natural Resources (DNR) Resource maps, Jefferson County Critical Areas maps and Jefferson County's Critical Areas regulations - Title 18 ofthe Jefferson County Code (JCC). Field Delineation Methodology used for wetland delineation was consistent with the technical approaches articulated in the 1997 Manual. This document is the wetland delineation manual that is used in determining wetland areas when applying state and local government regulations under the Shoreline Management Act and the Growth Management Act in Washington State. The extent and location of project related wetlands were determined during fieldwork performed on May 23,2007. Fieldwork was conducted under cloudy skies with an ambient temperature of approximately 55 degrees Fahrenheit. The time of year and recent precipitation history were considered in assessing the type and extent of wetlands and stream typing presumed to exist on and in proximity to the site. Wetlands identified during fieldwork are considered potential wetlands until their presence is confirmed through Jefferson County or U.S. Army Corps of Engineers review. Specific field methodology used in determining the extent and location of wetland areas include: 1. As part of the initial project site reconnaissance, the site was walked to determine the general extent and location of potential wetland areas; 2. Wetland and upland sample plots were established in the identified potential wetland areas and in the adjacent upland area; and 3. Wetland boundaries were delineated with flagging by noting localized topography and vegetation patterns and comparing parameters of hydrology, soil, and vegetation with data collected at the wetland and upland sample plots. Specific field methodologies for plot sampling; hydrology, soil, and vegetation evaluation; and boundary delineation are described in Appendix A. Data collected at each sample plot were entered onto a Routine Wetland Determination Data Form (Ecology 1997). Copies of data forms for each sample plot are provided in Appendix B. WETLAND EVALUATION The subject wetland was characterized using the wetland classes defined by the Cowardin system (Cowardin et al. 1979). The Cowardin system describes wetlands by the plant communities, soils and hydrologic regimes present. The naming convention was developed by the USFWS for the NWI maps. Wetlands were also classified and rated using the categories set forth in JCC 18.15.325, which defines wetland categories according to Washington State Wetland Rating ALKAI Consultants, LLC . 9465 Provost Road NW, Suite 202 . Silverdale, Washington 98383 Phone: (360) 613-2407. Fax: (360) 613-2408 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Lip Lip Lane Wetland Delineation ACL07W381 June 5, 2007 Page 3 System, Western Washington, 2nd Edition, (Ecology 1993). The rating forms completed for this wetland are provided in Appendix C. BACKGROUND INFORMATION Watershed This parcel is located approximately 475 feet west of Puget Sound, three-tenths of a mile northwest of Lip Lip Point of Marrowstone Island (Figure 1). The Department of Natural Resources (DNR) map shows a freshwater wetland and an unnamed non-fish-bearing stream approximately one-half mile to northwest of the subject parcel, which flows into Scow Bay (Figure 6). Jefferson County Soil Survey The soil survey of Jefferson County indicates three onsite soil types: . CeB Casey silt loam, 0 to 8 percent slopes . loG Indianola sandy loam, 0 to 15 percent slopes . Sh Semiahmoo muck, moderately shallow variant Semiahmoo muck is listed as a hydric soil in Jefferson County. Casey silt loam, although listed as a somewhat poorly drained soil, is not on the hydric soil list. However an unnamed inclusion of hydric soil is listed as a possibility in alluvial cones mapped as Casey. The northeastern portion of the subject parcel is mapped as Semiahmoo muck. Next to this is mapped a band of Casey silt loam. The remainder of the parcel is mapped as Indianola. A more detailed description of these soils is presented in Appendix D. Soil location is illustrated in Figure 4 - Jefferson Soil Survey map. National Wetlands Inventory The wetland delineated by ALKAI on this site is not shown on the NWl map. Eleven other freshwater wetlands are listed on NWI maps within 0.5 miles of the project area (Figure 5). To the northwest, the NWI map shows the following: . 2. I-acre PSS/EMA (Palustrine, Shrub-scrub/Emergent, Temporarily flooded) wetland . 4.0-acre PFOC (Palustrine, Forested, Seasonally flooded) wetland . O.3-acre PABHx (Palustrine, Aquatic bed, Permanently flooded, excavated) pond . 0.6-acre PFOC wetland . 0.8-acre PSSC (Palustrine, Shrub-scrub, Seasonally flooded) wetland . 1.8-acre PSSC wetland . 0.2-acre PUBH (Palustrine, Unconsolidated bottom, Permanently flooded) pond . 0.5-acre PEMC (Palustrine, Emergent, Seasonally flooded) wetland . OA-acre PEMA (Palustrine, Emergent, Temporarily flooded) wetland To the southwest: . 1.0-acre PEMC . 7 . I-acre PEMA ALKAI Consultants, LLC . 9465 Provost Road NW, Suite 202 . Silverdale, Washington 98383 Phone: (360) 613-2407. Fax: (360) 613-2408 Lip Lip Lane Wetland Delineation ACL07W381 June 5, 2007 Page 4 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Priority Species Listing and National Heritage Features The Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife - Habitats and Species map for Jefferson County indicates that no priority species exist within one-half mile of the subject parcel. The National Heritage Features Associated with Wetlands Data does not list this section of land for rare plant species. WETLAND DELINEATION RESULTS General Wetland Conditions ALKAI delineated the southwestern boundary of Wetland A. The wetland extends off of the subject parcel to the north and east. Wetland A is visible on aerial photos and the approximate boundary can be inferred from vegetation changes. In general, the wetland is comprised largely of emergent and shrub-scrub plant communities surrounded by forest. Wetland areas are dominated by red alder, western red cedar, Pacific willow and western crabapple with an understory of salmonberry, spirea, lady fern, slough sedge and water-parsley. Approximately one tenth of the parcel is wetland. Soils Soil analysis within the wetland included test pit DP-l near wetland boundary flag A-3 (Figure 2). A peat soil with decomposed wood was observed in the first twelve inches below ground surface, indicating hydric soils. From twelve to sixteen inches, a mucky loam with low matrix chroma (Munsell reading 10YR 2/1) was found. This low chroma reading also indicated hydric conditions. Wetland soil characterization at DP-l was not consistent with that described as Casey silt loam or Semiahmoo muck in the Soil Survey of Jefferson County Area (USDA 1977). This data point was located near the edge of the wetland with indicators that were transitional to upland. Muckier soils similar to Semiahmoo were observed closer to the center of the wetland, but were not sampled. Corresponding upland test pit (DP-2) was located slightly upslope near wetland boundary flag A- 4 (Figure 2). The soil to three inches below ground surface was observed to be a loam exhibiting higher matrix chroma (Munsell reading 10YR 3/2) with no mottles. From three to sixteen inches below surface, a sandy loam of Munsell reading lOYR 3/4 was found. Upland soil characterization is consistent with that described as Indianola sandy loam, 0 to 15 percent slopes in the Soil Survey of Jefferson County Area (USDA 1977). No hydric indicators were found at DP-2. Hydrology Free water was present one inch below the surface at the test pit DP-1. The soil was saturated to the surface. Fifteen to twenty feet north of the test pit, inundation was approximately 10" above surface. In addition, the area was a depression with no outlet. ALKAI Consultants, LLC . 9465 Provost Road NW, Suite 202 . Silverdale, Washington 98383 Phone: (360) 613-2407 . Fax: (360) 613-2408 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Lip Lip Lane Wetland Delineation ACL07W381 June 5, 2007 Page 5 Soils and the area around the upland test pit did not exhibit characteristics of wetland hydrology. There was no free water in the pit, no inundation, and the soil was not saturated. No other primary indicators were observed. Vegetation The wetland area surrounding the test pit DP-l had vegetation consisting of red alder (Alnus rubra, F AC), salmonberry (Rubus spectabilis, F AC+), western crabapple (Malus fusca, F ACW), lady fern (Athyrium filix-femina, F AC), and sword fern (Polystichum munitum, F ACU). Within the wetland, more than 50 percent of the dominant species were identified as facultative (F AC) or wetter and therefore meet the wetland criteria for hydrophytic vegetation (Appendix B). Other wetland vegetation identified nearby included slough sedge (Carex obnupta, OBL), water- parsley (Oenanthe sarmentosa, OBL), and Pacific willow (Salix lucid a lasiandra, F ACW). The upland vegetation was distinct from the wetland vegetation.. The upland area surrounding the test pit DP-2 had vegetation that included red alder (Alnus rubra, F AC), western red cedar (Thuja plicata, FAC), western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla, FACU-), grand fir (Abies grandis, FACU-) salmonberry (Rubus spectabilis, FAC+), red elderberry (Sambucus racemosa, FACU), salal (Gaultheria shallon, FACU), red huckleberry (Vaccinium parvifolium, NI), lady fern (Athyrium filix-femina, FAC), and sword fern (Polystichum munitum, F ACU). Less than 50 percent of the dominant species in this area were identified as facultative (F AC) or wetter, and therefore did not meet the criteria for hydrophytic vegetation. WETLAND EVALUATION RESULTS Wetland Categorization Wetland A was rated as a disturbed wetland, without irreplaceable ecological functions, greater than one acre with few invasive species, and of significant habitat value as per Washington State Wetland Rating System, Western Washington (McMillan 1993). As such, it scored 26 points, making it a Category II wetland (see Appendix C for rating form). All Category II wetlands larger than 2,500 square feet are regulated wetlands per JCC 18.15.325. According to JCC 18.15.340 Table 3-4, the standard buffer width for delineated Category II wetlands is 100 feet. SUMMARY This wetland report documents the presence of a depressional wetland at parcel 977700049 located at Lip Lip Lane on Marrowstone Island, Jefferson County, Washington. The property is owned by William and Carol Ford Trustees of Kent. The wetland meets Jefferson County's wetland classification criteria for a Category II wetland which requires a 100 foot buffer from the delineated edge. Approximately one third of the parcel is encumbered by buffer or wetland, however more than one acre of buildable area remains. ALKAI Consultants, LLC . 9465 Provost Road NW, Suite 202. Silverdale. Washington 98383 Phone: (360) 613-2407. Fax: (360) 613-2408 >9u~~ Michael Dawson Staff Wetland Specialist ~ ChTIsty Christensen Senior Wetland Specialist ------ I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Lip Lip Lane Wetland Delineation ACL07W381 June 5, 2007 Page 6 CONFIRMATION Wetland status depicted in this report has not been confirmed by a government official, and therefore has no legal status. Agencies with jurisdictional authority over wetlands at the local, state and federal level need to be consulted for their signed agreement to our f'mdings before there is any guarantee of no change. Our estimation for the accuracy of the unconfirmed wetland boundaries portrayed within this report is ~95%. Respectively Submitted, ALKAI Consultants, LLC. ALKAI Consultants, LLC . 9465 Provost Road NW, Suite 202 . Silverdale, Washington 98383 Phone: (360) 613-2407. Fax: (360) 613-2408 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I REFERENCES Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet and E.T. LaRoe, 1979. Classification of Wetlands and Deepwater Habitats of the United States. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service document FWS/OBS-79/31. 84 pp. Washington, D.C. Hitchcock, L.C. and A. Cronquist, 1973. Flora of the Pacific Northwest. University of Washington Press. 730 pp. McMillan, A., 1993. Washington State Wetland Rating System, Western Washington. Washington State Department of Ecology Publication #93-74. Olympia, Washington. Munsell Soil Color Charts, 2000 rev. GretagMacbeth. New Windsor, New York. Pojar, J. and A. MacKinnon, 1994. Plants of the Pacific Northwest Coast. Lone Pine Publishing. 528 pp. Vancouver, British Columbia. Speare-Cooke, S., 1997. A Field Guide to the Common Wetland Plants of Western Washington and Northwestern Oregon. Seattle Audubon Society. 417 pp. Seattle, Washington. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), 1977. Soil Survey of Jefferson County Area, Washington. Soil Conservation Service. United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), 1993. National List of Plant Species that Occur in Wetlands Region 9 - Northwest, and Supplement. Resource Management Group. United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), 1978. National Wetlands Inventory. http://wetlandsfws.er.usgs.gov/wtlnds/launch.html Accessed May, 2007. Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, 2004. Habitat and Species Map for Jefferson County and Vicinity. Habitat Program GIS. March 2, 2004. Washington Natural Heritage Program (NHP), 2006. Sections That Contain National Heritage Features Associated with Wetlands. 12 pp. Olympia, Washington. August 11,2006. Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology), 1993. Washington State Wetland Rating System, Western Washington, Second Edition. Ecology Publication #93-74,69 pp. Olympia, Washington. Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology), 1997. Washington State Wetland Identification and Delineation Manual. Ecology Publication #96-94, 143 pp. Olympia, Washington. ALKAI Consultants, LLC . 9465 Provost Road NW. Suite 202 . Silverdale. Washington 98383 Phone: (360) 613-2407 . Fax: (360) 613-2408 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 0- <( :i )-t 0:: 8. <:( <(Q)> co:::> Z-o-ci' :Jcc ororo -0 m+-'CIJ ~ Q) - 0 CSQ)T"""Ll.. ZQ)COO- <(c.8~e ...JroCIJ>ro 1-....J3:~O W c..eo >.- ~ ....J -g >....Jroorol" N .Q- ~ <:( CIJ 0 ....J .. Q) 0 W.. C~....J~ 0:: 1:5 .Q 1:5 .. CO :JQ)roQ)C" C) '0 () '0' Q) .$ _~O~==ro u..a......Ja..OO 0.0 e .Z '3 '" e 0 U "C e nl ~ Q) . ~ U .....J 0.0 .....J e .;: ... Q) "" Q) l- e .64 Z e w ~ n; .~ e ~ .c v :) Q) .... 0 "" Q) Z \J 0 0.0 e .;: U Q) Q) e - .64 <( e w ~ ...I <( I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 11 Approximate Parcel Location I ~~~":~~~:~~~~~"~::ri:;:"'" Co~Wti". FIGURE 1 SITE VICINITY MAP Project Name: lip Lip Lane Wetland Report Location: Marrowstone Island, Washington Project: ACL07-W381 Client: Les and Carol Ford Date: 6/2007 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 11 I ~~~~~'::~:::':;:ft""Co~_' FIGURE 3 CRITICAL AREAS MAP Project Name: lip lip Lane Wetland Report Location: Marrowstone Island, Washington Project: ACL07-W381 Client: Les and Carol Ford Date: 6/2007 I I t:: t- o 0 0 c.. t::' on Q) - '" Q) c::: Q) I u..o "0 '<t C N ctl o..+:; I <(~ :E Q) 0 > c CO w ctl ...... >....J I 0:: c.. T""" ._ 00 ::>....J~ enc.. :::!:.:J~ 0 N I 0 "0 Q)....J en Eo "ltctl<( wZ .. O::+-'+-' I U u ::> Q) Q) 0 C> '0' '0' co -..... ..... u.a..a.. 0 I C') 0 I '" I \0 or. I (">,~ 04 C l:: ::l C v I 0 :-€j v >. 'tl ::r: c :l .. -;: .. U ~ :2 I -J 0 04 s' -J c .;: .. .. .5lm V\ .. -6'8- c !- .... ll~ Z c m_ I w ..!SE ~ it ~ ~ u .c '8"- .c ..:l~ :...J u ::> 2l 0 I V\ .. Z \J 0 04 ,5 U t u oS c I - .... < c w it ~ .. c " .. ~ .E E ...I c .+- v " I 0 Sill < .. ~ .~ .S c co: .. w - .. .. .. .. " i! !l ;'8 I ~I I I Lip Lip Lane FIGURE 5 National Wetlands Inventory I~~~~~~~:.....c_.... I ACL07-W381 122-41-30 W 122-39-30 W 122-41-0 W 122-40-30 W 122-40-0 W z .l>- I <'> ex> a, '" "<t Z I I Legend I CONUS__Csean .0 01 . Out of range I z .I>- ~ Interstate N ex> a, .., Major Roads "<t z Other Road ~ Ifltemate I .N State h!thway .N US hlghWBY .N Roads . Cities I r : USGS Quad Index 24K Lower 48 Wetland Polygons 11II E....r1ne 8nd M8I'Ine Deepw8t8r ill Eatu8l'lne 8nd MlII'Ine Wetl8nd I 11IIIII FI'lI8hwater IImetgent WetI8mI . FI'lI8hwater Foreetedl8lmlb WetI8mI ill FnlHw8Ier PoncI .LalIe fill Other I .I>- 11II RIwrlne ~ Lower 48 Available Watland Data z Non.otglt81 D\gItlII I No D8t8 Sc8n .N NHD Streama o Counties 100K I C States 100K . South America . North America I I .I>- ex> b z I I 122-41-30 W 122-41-0 W 122-40-30 W 122-40-0 W 122-39-30 W 47 Scale: 1 :31,680 I Map center: 480 1'18" N, 122040' 29" W This map is a user generated static output from an Internet mapping site and is for general reference only. Data layers that appear on this map mayor may not be accurate, current, or otherwise reliable. THIS MAP IS NOT TO BE USED FOR NAVIGATION. I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Approximate Parcel Location I ~~~~~:~~~:~~":::ri:;:_dCo~W"", FIGURE 6 DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES MAP Project Name: Lip Lip Lane Wetland Report Location: Marrowstone Island, Washington Project: ACL07-W381 Client: Les and Carol Ford Date: 6/2007 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I :!1J> ~." 0..." $m ~z 50 0.._ 2.)( o ~J> I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Plot Samuline: A pair of corresponding sample plots was established to determine the wetland area. The locations of these sample plots (labeled DP-l for the Wetland A test pit and DP-2 for the upland test pit) are indicated in Figure 2. These sampling locations were used as sites for the collection of hydrologic, soil, and vegetative data in accordance with the methodologies set forth in the 1997 Manual. Data collected at each sample plot were entered onto a Routine Wetland Determination Data F orm (Washington State Department of Ecology 1997). Copies of data forms for each sample plot are appended to this delineation report. Hvdroloe:v Evaluation According to the 1997 Manual, wetland hydrology is present in areas that are inundated and/or saturated to the surface for a consecutive number of days greater than 12.5 percent of the growing season (approximately 2 weeks in Western Washington). Saturation to the surface is assumed when the water table - the level at which standing water is found in an unlined hole - is found within 12 inches of the surface in a non-sandy soil or within 6 inches of the soil surface in sandy soils. A small soil test pit was excavated to a depth of 18 to 20 inches at the center of each sample plot. The extent of soil inundation and saturation as well as the depth to free water in the test pit were recorded on the Routine Wetland Determination Data Forms as an indication of potential wetland hydrology. Other recorded potential field indicators of wetland hydrology, as listed in the 1997 Manual, include oxidized channels (rhizospheres) associated with living roots, water marks on vegetation or fixed objects, drift lines, sediment deposition on vegetation and other objects, water-stained leaves, wetland drainage patterns, and hydric soil characteristics. Soil Evaluation The presence of hydric soils was determined consistent with the 1997 Manual. Fulfillment of the technical criteria for soil can be inferred by using a combination of published soils information and field indicators. A soil profile to a depth of 16 inches was extracted from each sample plot test pit and the depth and character of each distinct soil horizon was recorded. A Munsell soil color chart (Munsell Color, 2000 rev.) was used to characterize the soil. In accordance with the 1997 Manual field protocol, soil color, hue, and chroma was recorded for each soil profile immediately below the "A" horizon or at a depth of 10 inches, whichever is shallower. All information collected on field soil profiles was recorded on the Routine Wetland Determination Data Form for each sample plot. Boundary Delineation I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Vee:etation Evaluation At each sample plot, vegetation was characterized by determining the percent aerial cover of each plant species occurring within the herb, shrub, and tree stratum. Dominant species in each of the three strata (tree, sapling/shrub, and herb) were identified and recorded on the Routine Wetland Determination Data Form for each sample plot. The wetland indicator status of the dominant species within each vegetation stratum was used to determine the presence of hydrophytic wetland vegetation. Each species' indicator status was defined according to Reed (1993). According to the 1997 Manual an area meets the hydrophytic vegetation criteria when, under normal circumstances, more than 50 percent of the dominant species from each stratum are obligate wetland (OBL), facultative wetland (FACW), and/or facultative (FAC) species. After characteristics of hydrology, soil, and vegetation were compared between the confirmed upland and wetland sample plots, a boundary determination was made in the field. The wetland boundary was determined by first noting likely areas of topographic and vegetative distinction between wetlands and uplands, and then using soil borings to determine the boundary between hydric and non-hydric soils. The wetland boundary was marked with flagging spaced at a distance of approximately 20 feet. I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I ;0 o C r+ -. ::J ro ~ ro 5f> 5.-a o-a ro m ~Z 2.0 ::J - ~)( -. g m o OJ r+ OJ -n o '"""S 3 VI I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Routine Wetland Determination DATA FORM 1 (Revised) WA State Wetland Delineation Manual or 1987 Corps Wetland Delineation Manual) Project/Site: Lip Lip Lane Date: 2007/05/23 Applicant/owner: Ford County: Jefferson Investigator(s): M. Dawson/Alkai Consultants State: WA SIT /R: 9/29N/1 E Do normal circumstances exist on the site? IZI Yes DNo Community ID:Wetland A Is the site significantly disturbed (atypical situation)? DYes IZI No Transect 10: Is the area a potential problem area? DYes IZI No Plot 10: DP 1 Explanation of atvpical or problem area: Near wetland boundary flaQ A-3. VEGETATION (For *strata, indicate T = tree; S = shrub; H = herb; V = vine) Dominant Plant Species *Stratum % cover Indicator Dominant Plant Species *Stratum % cover Indicator Alnus rubra T 50 FAC Rubus spectabilis S 75 FAC+ Malus fusca S 10 FACW Athyrium filix-femina H 10 FAC Polystichum munitum H 5 FACU HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION INDICATORS: % of dominants OBL, FACW, & FAC: 4/5 80% Check all indicators that apply and explain below: D Visual observation of plant species growing in D Physiological/reproductive adaptations areas of prolonged inundation/saturation IZI Wetland plant database D Morphological adaptations IZI Personal knowledge of regional plant communities D Technical Literature D Other (explain) Hydrophytic vegetation present? IZI Yes DNo Rationale for decision/Remarks: Greater than 50% of dominants FAC or wetter. HYDROLOGY Is it the growing season? IZI Yes DNo Water Marks: DYes IZI No Sediment Deposits: DYes IZI No on Based on: D Soil temp (record temp) Drift Lines: DYes IZI No Drainage Patterns: IZI Yes DNo (air temp 600) IZI Other (explain) time of vear Depth of inundation: 0 inches Oxidized Root (live roots) Local Soil Survey: DYes IZI No Channels <12il.: Dyes IZI No Depth to free water in pit: 1 inches FAC Neutral: DYes IZI No Water-stained Leaves: DYes IZI No Depth to saturated soil: saturation to surface Check all that apply & explain below: Other (explain): D Stream, lake or gage data IZI Aerial photographs D Other Wetland hydrology present? IZI Yes D No Rationale for decision/remarks: Saturation to surface. Ponding to 10" -15 feet north of DP 1. Depression wino outlet. SOILS Map Unit Name (Series and Phase): CeB Casey silt loam, Drainage Class: Somewhat poorly drained o to 8 percent slopes Field observations confirm mapped type? DYes ~No Taxonomy (subgroup): Aquic Haploxeralfs Profile Description Depth Matrix color Mottle colors Mottle abundance Texture, concretions, Drawing of soil profile (inches) Horizon (Munsell moist) (Munsell moist) size and contrast structure, etc. (match descriotion) 0-12" 10YR 3/3 None Peat, decomposed wood 12 - 16" 10YR 2/1 None Mucky loam Hydric Soil Indicators: (check all that apply) ~ Histosol o Matrix chroma ~ 2 with mottles o Histic Epipedon D Mg or Fe Concretions o Sulfidic Odor D High Organic Content in Surface Layer of Sandy Soils ~ Aquic Moisture Regime D Organic Streaking in Sandy Soils D Reducing Conditions D Listed on National/Local Hydric Soils List ~ Gleyed or Low-Chroma (=1) matrix D Other (explain in remarks) Hydric soils present? ~Yes DNo Rationale for decision/Remarks: Organic, saturated, low chroma. Listed hydric soil Semiahmoo muck mapped nearby (-15' north) Wetland Determination Hydrophytic vegetation present? ~Yes DNo Hydric soils present? ~Yes DNo Wetland hydrology present? ~Yes DNo Is the samplinq point within a wetland? ~ Yes DNo Rationale/Remarks: Data point is near edqe of wetland, but strong indicators still present. Revised 4/97 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I NOTES: I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Routine Wetland Determination DATA FORM 1 (Revised) WA State Wetland Delineation Manual or 1987 Corps Wetland Delineation Manual) Project/Site: Lip Lip Lane Date: 2007/05/23 Applicant/owner: Ford County: Jefferson Investigator(s): M. Dawson/Alkai Consultants State: WA SIT /R: 9/29N/1 E Do normal circumstances exist on the site? ~Yes DNo Community 10: Wetland A Is the site significantly disturbed (atypical situation)? DYes ~No Transect 10: Is the area a potential problem area? DYes ~No Plot 10: DP2 Exolanation of atvpical or problem area: Near wetland boundarv flao A-4. VEGETATION (For *strata, indicate T = tree; S = shrub; H = herb; V = vine) Dominant Plant Species *Stratum % cover Indicator Dominant Plant Species *Stratum % cover Indicator Alnus rubra T 50 FAC Gaultheria shallon S 5 FACU Thuja plicata T 25 FAC Vaccinium parvilfolium S 5 NI Tsuga heterophylla T 10 FACU- Athyrium filix-femina H 10 FAC Abies grandis T 10 FACU- Polystichum munitum H 5 FACU Rubus spectabilis S 75 FAC+ Sambucus racemosa S 10 FACU HYDROPHYTIC VEGETATION INDICATORS: % of dominants OBL, FACW, & FAC: 4/10 40% Check all indicators that apply and explain below: D Visual observation of plant species growing in D Physiological/reproductive adaptations areas of prolonged inundation/saturation ~ Wetland plant database D Morphological adaptations ~ Personal knowledge of regional plant communities D Technical Literature D Other (explain) Hydrophytic vegetation present? DYes ~No Rationale for decision/Remarks: Less than 50% of dominants FAC or wetter. HYDROLOGY Is it the growing season? ~Yes DNo Water Marks: DYes ~No Sediment Deposits: DYes ~No on Based on: D Soil temp (record temp) Drift Lines: DYes ~No Drainage Patterns: DYes ~No (air temp 600) ~ Other (explain) time of year Depth of inundation: 0 inches Oxidized Root (live roots) Local Soil Survey: DYes ~No Channels <12 il.: 0 Yes ~ No Depth to free water in pit: none FAC Neutral: DYes ~No Water-stained Leaves: DYes ~No Depth to saturated soil: none Check all that apply & explain below: Other (explain): D Stream, lake or gage data ~ Aerial photographs D Other Wetland hydrology present? DYes ~ No Rationale for decision/remarks: No primary or secondary indicators. SOILS Map Unit Name (Series and Phase): 10C Indianola sandy Drainage Class: Somewhat excessively drained loam, 0 to 15 percent slopes Taxonomy (subgroup): Dystric Xeropsamments Field observations confirm mapped type? ~Yes DNo Profile Description Depth Matrix color Mottle colors Mottle abundance Texture, concretions, Drawing of soil profile (inches) Horizon (Munsell moist) (Munsell moist) size and contrast structure, etc. (match descriotion) 0-3" 10YR 3/2 None Loam 3-16" 10YR 3/4 None Sandy loam Hydric Soil Indicators: (check all that apply) D Histosol D Matrix chroma:=:; 2 with mottles D Histic Epipedon D Mg or Fe Concretions D Sulfidic Odor D High Organic Content in Surface Layer of Sandy Soils D Aquic Moisture Regime D Organic Streaking in Sandy Soils D Reducing Conditions D Listed on National/Local Hydric Soils List D Gleyed or Low-Chroma (=1) matrix D Other (explain in remarks) Hydric soils present? DYes ~No Rationale for decision/Remarks: No hydric indicators. Wetland Determination Hydrophytic vegetation present? DYes ~No Hydric soils present? DYes ~No Wetland hydrology present? DYes ~No Is the sampling point within a wetland? DYes ~No Rationale/Remarks: Some transitional vegetation, but no other indicators present. Revised 4/97 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I NOTES: I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I ~ OJ V'I :r -- :J OQ f""'to o :J V\ ?l> ro " ~" ro m 5fz 5.0 ;0- ~)( -- ciJn V\ '< V'I f""'to ro 3 ." o -, 3 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Wetlands Rating Field Data Form Background Information: Name of Rater: 'J1 Dttw5V'l1 Affiliation: 41 K-q" (C...sk /ftU,f> Date: 2cJo 7/0..sjZ5 Name of wetland (if known): Government Jurisdiction of wetland: =r e~&x Ce>u.u+, Location: 1/4 Section:_ of 1/4 S:_ Section:~ Township: '2.'111 Range: I C Sources of Information: (Check all sources that apply) Site visit: /' USGS Topo Map: /../' NWI map: V Aerial Photo: / Soils survey: V Other: ./ Describe: :JefF: Co. 5e{,(~Hi'lIe- ~ MA-P When The Field Data form is complete enter Category here: JI:- Q.1. High Quality Natural Wetland Circle Answers Answer this question if you have adequate information or experience to do so. If not fmd someone with the expertise to answer the questions. Then, if the answer to questions 1 a, 1 b and Ie are all NO, contact the Natural Heritage program of DNR. la. Human caused disturbances. Is there significant evidence of human-caused changes to topography or hydrology of the wetland as indicated by any of the following conditions? Consider only changes that may have taken place in the last S decades. The impacts of changes done earlier have probably been stabilized and the wetland ecosystem will be close to reaching some new equilibrium that may represent a high quality wetland. 1a.1 Upstream watershed> 12% impervious. 1a2. Wetland is ditched and water flow is not obstructed. 1a3. Wetland has been graded, filled, logged. 1a4. Water in wetland is controlled b.i(iikeS, weirs, etc. laS. Wetland is grazed. la6. Other indicators of disturbance (list below) Yes: go to Q.2 Yes: go to Q.2 Yes: go to Q1 Yes: go to Q.2j Yes: go to Q.2 Yes: go to Q.2 No: go to lb. 25 1 b Are there populations of non-native pla..~ts "vhich are currently present, cover more than 1 0% of the wetland, and appear to be invading native populations? Briefly describe any non-native plant populations and Information source(s): 1c. Is there evidence of human-caused disturbances which have visibly degraded water quality. Evidence of the degradation of water quality include: direct (untreated) runoff from roads or parking lots; presence, or historic evidence, of waste dumps; oily sheens; the smell of organic chemicals; or livestock use. Briefly describe: Q.2. Irreplaceable Ecological Functions: Does the wetland: have at least 1/4 acre of organic soils deeper than 16 inches and the wetland is relatively undisturbed; OR [If the answer is NO because the wetland is disturbed briefly describe: Indicators of disturbance may include: - Wetland has been graded, filled, logged; - Organic soils on the surface are dried-out for more than half of the year; - Wetland receives direct stormwater runoff from urban or agricultural areas.]; OR have a forested class greater than 1 acre; OR have characteristics of an estuarine system; OR have eel ass floatin or non-floatin kel beds? 2a. Bogs and Fens Are any of the three following conditions met for the area of organic soil? 2a.1. Are Sphagnum. mosses a common ground cover (>30%) and the cover of invasive species (see Table 3) is less than 10%? Is the area of sphagnum mosses and deep organic soils> 1/2 acre? Is the area of sphagnum mosses and deep organic soils Y4-1/2 acre? 2a.2. Is there an area of organic soil which has an emergent class with at least one species from Table 2, and cover of invasive species is < 10% (see Table 3)? Is the area of herbaceous plants and deep organic soils> 1/2 acre? Is the area of herbaceous plants and deep organic soils 1/4-1/2acre? 26 YEs: go to Q.2 No: go to 1c. I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I YES: go to Q.2 NO: Possible Cat. I Contact DNR YES: Go to 2b Yes: Go to 2c Yes: Go to 2d YES: Category I YES: Category IT NO: Go to 2a.3 YES: Category I YES: Category IT NO: Go to 2a.3 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 2a.3. Is the vegetation a mixture of only herbaceous plants and Sphagnum mosses with no scrub/shrub or forested classes? Is the area of herbaceous plants, Sphagnum, and deep organic soils> 1/2 acre? YES: Category I Is the area of herbaceous plants, Sphagnum, and deep organic soils Y4-1/2 acre? YES: Category IT NO: Go to Q.3. Q.2b. Mature forested wetland. 2b.1. Does 50% of the cover of upper forest canopy consist of evergreen YES: Category I trees older than 80 years or deciduous trees older than 50 years? NO: Go to 2b.2 Note: The size of trees is often not a measure of age, and size cannot be used as a surrogate for age (see guidance). 2b.2. Does 50% of the cover of forest canopy consist of evergreen trees older YES: Go to 2b.3 than 50 years, AND is the structural diversity of the forest high as NO: Go to Q.3 characterized by an additional layer of trees 20'-49' tall, shrubs 6'- 20', tall, and a herbaceous groundcover? 2b.3. Does < 25% of the areal cover in the herbaceous/groundcover or YES: Category I the shrub laver consist of invasive/exotic olant species from the list on p. 19? NO: Go to Q.3 Q.2c. Estuarine wetlands. 2c.1. Is the wetland listed as National Wildlife Refuge, National Park, YES: Category I National Estuary Reserve, Natural Area Preserve, State Park, or NO: Go to 2c.2 Educational, Environmental or Scientific Reserves designated under WAC 332-30-151? 2c.2. Is the wetland> 5 acres; ........................................ ................. YES: Category I Note: If an area contains patches of salt tolerant vegetation that are 1) less than 600 feet apart and that are separated by mudflats that go dry on a Mean Low Tide, or 2) separated by tidal channels that are less than 100 feet wide; all the vegetated areas are to be considered together in calculating the wetland area. or is the wetland 1-5 acres; ......................................................... YES: Go to 2c.3 or is the wetland < 1 acre? ... ... ... ... ... '" ...... ... ...... ... ... ... ... ...... ... .... YES: Go to 2c.4 27 28 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 2c.3. Does the wetland meet at least 3 of the following 4 criteria: ....... YES: Category I NO Category IT - minimum existing evidence of human related disturbance such as diking, ditching, filling, cultivation, grazing or the presence of non- native plant species (see guidance for definition); - surface water connection with tidal saltwater or tidal freshwater; - at least 75% of the wetland has a 100 buffer ofungrazed pasture, open water, shrub or forest; - has at least 3 of the following features: low marsh; high marsh; tidal channels; lagoon(s);woody debris; or contiguous freshwater wetland. 2c.4. Does the wetland meet all of the four criteria under 2c3? (above)? YES: Category IT NO: Category ill Q.2d. Eel Grass and Kelp Beds. 2d.1. Are eelgrass beds present? .................................................. YES: Category I NO: go to 2d.2 2d.2. Are their floating or non-floating kelp bed(s) present with greater than YES: Category I 50% macro algal cover in the month of August or September?.. .,. ... ... ... NO: Category IT Q.3. Category IV wetlands. 3a. Is the wetland: less than 1 acre and, hydrologically isolated and, comprised of one vegetated class that is dominated (> 80% areal cover) YES: Category IV by one species from Table 3 (page 19) or Table 4 (page 20) . NO: go to 3b~ 3b. Is the wetland: less than two acres and, hydrologically isolated, with one vegetated class, and> 90% of areal cover in any combination of YES:.C~IV species from Table 3 (page 19) ~O: go to 3c 3c. Is the wetland excavated from upland and a pond smaller than 1 acre ~S: ~t((~~IV without a surface water connection to streams, lakes, rivers, or other NO: go to .4 . wetland, and has < 0.1 acre of vegetation. I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Q.4. Significant habitat value. Answer all questions and enter data requested. 4a. Total wetland area Estimate area, select from choices in the near-right column, and score in the far column: Enter acreage ofwetlandhere:~acres, and source:qevltt.,' f2ho-h/ Site- VI5,1- 4b. Wetland classes: Circle the wetland classes below that qualifY: Open Water: if the area of open water is > 1/4 acre Aquatic Beds: if the area of aquatic beds> 1/4 acre, the area of emergent class is > 1/4 acre, Add the number of wetland classes, above, that qualifY, and then Score according to the columns at right. e.g. If there are 4 classes (aquatic beds, open water, emergent & Scrub-shrub, ou would circle 8 oints in the far ri t column. 4c. Plant species diversity. For each wetland class (at right) that qualifies in 4b above, count the number of different plant species you can fmd that cover more than 5% of the ground. You do not have to name them. Class Aquatic Score in column at far right: e.g. If a wetland has an aquatic bed class with 3 species, an Emergent emergent class with 4 species and a scrub-shrub class with 2 species you would circle 2, 2, and 1 in the far column. Note: Any plant species with a cover of> 5% qualifies for points within a class, even those Scrub-Scrub that are not of that class. Forested Circle scores that qualify acres >200 40-200 10-40 5-103 1-5 0.1-1 <0.10 points 6 5 4 CP 1 #of classes Points 1 ,........... 0 2 ............ 3 3 ...,......m 4............ 8 5............ 10 # species ill class 1 2 3 >3 1 2-3 4-5 >5 1 2 3-4 >4 1 2 3-4 .>4 Points o 1 2 3 o 1 2 CD o 1 2 Q) o CD 2 3 tS- 29 4d. Structural diversity. If the wetland has a forested class, add 1 point if each of the following Classes is present within the forested class and is larger than 1/4 acre: -trees> 50' tall. .. ... . .. . .. ... ... ... ... .... -trees 20'- 49' tall......... ... ............ -shrubs...... .................. ... ............ -herbaceous ground cover.. . . .. ... . . . . ... Also add 1 point if there is any "open water" or "aquatic bed" class Immediately next to the forested area (i.e. there is no scrub/shrub or emer ent ve etation between them . 4e. Decide from the diagrams below whether interspersion between wetland classes is high, moderate, low or none? If you think the amount of interspersion falls in between the diagrams score accordingly (i.e. a moderately high amount of interspersion would score a 4, while a moderately low amount would score a 2) none low low moderate moderate high 4fHabitat features. Answer questions below, circle features that apply, and score to right: Is there evidence that the open or standing water was caused by beavers Is a heron rookery located within 300'? Are raptor nest/s located within 300'? Are there at least 3 standing dead trees (snags) per acre greater than 10" in diameter at "breast height" (DBH)? Are there at least 3 downed logs per acre with a diameter > 6" for at least 10' in length? Are there areas (vegetated or unvegetated) within the wetland that are ponded for at least 4 months out of the year, and the wetland has not qualified as having an open water class in Question 4b. ? 30 YES - 1 YES-l YES -(b YES - 1 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I YES - 1 High - 5 Moderate - 3 Low -(D None - 0 YES=2 YES = 1 YES = 1 YES = 1 YES<!) YES=€) S- I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 4g. Connection to streams. (Score one answer only.) 4g.1. Does the wetland provide habitat for fish at any time of the year AND YES=6 does it have a perennial surface water connection to a fish-bearing stream. 4g.2 Does the wetland provide fish habitat seasonally AND does it have YES=4 a seasonal surface water connection to a fish-bearing stream. 4g.3 Does the wetland function to export organic matter through a surface YES=4 water connection at all times of the year to a perennial stream. 4g.4 Does the wetland function to export organic matter through a surface YES=2 water connection to a stream on a seasonal basis? 4h. Buffers. Score the existing buffers on a scale of 1-5 based on the following four descriptions. If the condition of the buffers do not exactly match the description, score either a point higher or lower depending on whether the buffers are less or more degraded. Forest, scrub, native grassland or open water buffers are present for more than 100'around 95% of the circumference. Score = 5 Forest, scrub, native grassland, or open water buffers wider than 100' for more than 1/2 of the wetland circumference, or a forest, scrub, grasslands, or open water buffers for more than 50' around 95 % of the Score =6) circumference. Forest, scrub, native grassland, or open water buffers wider than 100' for more than 1/4 of the wetland circumference, or a forest, scrub, native grassland, or open water buffers wider than 50' for more than 1/2 of the wetland circumference. Score = 2 No roads, buildings or paved areas within 100' of the wetland for more than 95% of the wetland circumference. Score = 2 No roads, buildings or paved areas within 25' of the wetland for more than 95% of the circumference, or No roads buildings or paved areas within 50' of the wetland for more than 1/2 of the wetland circumference. Score = 1 Paved areas, industrial areas or residential construction (with less than 50' between houses) are less than 25 feet from the wetland for more than 95 % of the circumference of the wetland. Score = 0 s 31 - Is the wetland and its buffer (if the buffer is less than 50' wide) completely isolated by development (urban, residential with a density greater than 2/acre, or industrial)? Yes = 0 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I -I I 4i. Connection to other habitat areas: Select the description, which best matches the site being evaluated. -Is the wetland connected to, or part of, a riparian corridor at least 100' wide connecting two or more wetlands; or, is there an upland connection present> 1 00' wide with good forest or shrub cover (>25% cover) connecting it with a Significant Habitat Area? YES=5 -Is the wetland connected to any other Habitat Area with either I) a forested/shrub corridor < 100' wide, or 2) a corridor that is > 100' wide, but has a low vegetative cover less than 6 feet in height? yes@ -Is the wetland connected to, or a part of, a riparian corridor between 50 - 100' wide with scrub/shrub or forest cover connection to other wetlands? Yes = 3 - Is the wetland connected to any other Habitat Area with narrow corridor (<100') oflow vegetation (< 6' in height)? Yes =1 Now add the scores circled (for Q.Sa - Q.5i above) to get a total. Is the Total greater than or equal to 22 points? 2-.~ ~s = Cate~ory ij) = Category ill 32 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I > 0" =" V\m C Z < ~o -1- ro )( x f""'too I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Casey silt loam, 0 to 8 percent slopes (CeB).-This nearly level to gently sloping soil is on terraces. Most areas are near marine bluffs at elevations of less than 300 feet. Most slopes range from 2 to 5 percent. Representative profile in NE1/4SW1/4SW1/4 sec. 33, T. 3 N., R. 1 E., 50 yards south of farm road midway between Sound View cemetery and the Main Marrowstone Island Road: A1-0 to 3 inches, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate, medium and coarse, granular structure; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky, slightly plastic; many fine roots; slightly acid; gradual, wavy boundary. (2 to 4 inches thick) A21-3 to 10 inches, grayish-brown (10YR 5/2) silt loam, light gray (IOYR7/2) dry; common, medium, faint dark yellowish-brown (10YR 4/4) mottles; moderate, medium, subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, slightly acid; clear, smooth boundary. (4 to 10 inches thick) A22-10 to 17 inches, grayish-brown (2.5Y 5/2) loam, light gray (2.5Y 7/2) dry; common, medium, distinct dark-brown (10YR 4/3) mottles; moderate, medium, subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, firm, sticky, plastic; few fine roots; about 5 percent soft, ironcemented nodules; thin, patchy clay films in some pores; slightly acid; abrupt, smooth boundary. (4 to 10 inches thick) IIB2tg-17 to 33 inches, gray (5Y 5/1) clay, light gray (2.5Y 7/2) dry; common, medium, distinct yellowish-brown (10YR 5/6) mottles; strong, medium, prismatic structure; very hard, very firm, very sticky, very plastic: few fine roots; thin, continuous clay films in pores and on faces of peds; moderate organic staining on faces of peds; neutral; abrupt, smooth boundary. (14 to 24 inches thick) IIIC1-33 to 40 inches, dark grayish-brown (2.5Y 4/2) loamy fine sand, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; common, fine, prominent yellowish-red (5YR 4/6) mottles; massive; soft, friable, nonsticky, nonplastic: few fine roots; neutral; abrupt, smooth boundary. (0 to 8 inches thick) IVC2g-40 to 60 inches, gray (5Y 5/1) clay, light gray (5Y 7/2) dry; few, fine, distinct dark-brown (10YR 3/3) mottles; massive; very hard, very firm, very sticky, very plastic; neutral. The IIB2tg horizon is silty, clay, or silty clay loam, but in places subhorizons of sandy loam or loamy fine sand are present. In places coarsetextured glacial drift is below a depth of 40 inches. Included with this soil in mapping are small areas of moderately well drained and somewhat excessively drained soils. This soil is somewhat poorly drained. Permeability is slow. Roots penetrate to a depth of more than 60 inches. This soil holds 8 to 10 inches of water available for plants. Runoff is slow, and the hazard of water erosion is slight. A seasonal water table is at a depth of 1 to 2 feet. About 60 to 70 percent of the acreage of this soil has been cleared and is used mostly for pasture. Berries and vegetable crops are of minor importance. Capability unit lII-w-1; woodland group 4w2. Indianola Series The Indianola series consists of somewhat excessively drained soils that formed on eskers or kames in sandy glacial outwash. Slopes range from 0 to 50 percent. Elevation ranges from slightly above sea level to 1,000 feet. Native vegetation consists mainly of Douglas-fir, western hemlock, western redcedar, red alder, rhododendron, huckleberry, salal, Oregon grape, and bracken. Annual precipitation ranges from 26 to 55 inches. The average annual air temperature is 50oF. The above 320F growing season ranges from about 160 to 260 days, and the above 280F growing season ranges from about 215 to 320 days. Variation in the length of the growing season at these temperatures depends mostly on elevation, and the soils at lower elevations have longer seasons. Indianolasoils are associated mainly with Alderwood, Cassolary, Everett, Hoypus, Kitsap, Quilcene, and Sinclair soils. In a representative profile in a wooded area, about 5 inches of leaves, needles, bark, and humus cover the surface. The upper 10 inches of the soil is loamy sand that is very dark grayish brown in the upper part and strong brown in the lower part. Below this, to a depth of 28 inches, is brown loamy sand. Beneath this, and extending to a depth of 60 inches, are layers ranging in texture from medium sand to loamy fine sand. Most areas of Indianola soils are wooded (fig. 6). Besides production of trees, another important use of these soils is for permanent and summer rural homesites. Less than 25 percent of the acreage of these soils has been cleared. This acreage is used for growing various minor crops. Indianola sandy loam, 0 to 15 percent slopes (loC). This nearly level to strongly sloping soil is sandy loam to a depth of 8 to 12 inches. Runoff is slow to medium. The soil holds 4 to 6 inches of water available for plants. This soil is used mainly for producing trees and for wildlife habitat and recreation areas. About 40 percent of the acreage is used for growing such crops as pasture, hay, small grains, berries, and vegetables. Capability unit. IVe-2; woodland group 302. I Semiahmoo muck (Se).-This nearly level soil is in valley basins. Representative profile 1.5 miles southeast of Chimacum in SW1/4NW1/4NW1/4 sec. 24, T. 29 N., R. 1 W.: Oa1-0 to 12 inches, black (5YR 2/1) muck (sapric material), dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) dry; moderate, very fine, fine, and medium, granular structure: hard, firm, nonsticky, nonplastic; many roots on surfaces of peds; few fragments of wood; slightly acid (pH 6,/2) ; gradual, wavy boundary. (8 to 14 inches thick) Oa2-12 to 16 inches, dark reddish-brown (5YR 2/2) muck (sapric material), dark reddish brown (5YR 3,/2) dry ; weak, fine and medium, granular structure; hard, firm, nonsticky, nonplastic; about 25 percent sedge fibers that can be identified before rubbing; common roots on surfaces of peds; slightly acid (pH 6.2); gradual, wavy boundary. (2 to 6 inches thick) Oa3-16 to 25 inches, brown (7.5YR 4/4) mucky peat (sapric material), that darkens to dark reddish brown (5YR 2/2) upon exposure to air, reddish brown (5YR 4/4) dry; weak, fine, granular structure; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; about 50 percent of mass that, before rubbing, can be identified as leaves and stems of sedges and reeds; slightly acid (pH 6.2); gradual, wavy boundary. (7 to 12 inches thick) Oa4-25 to 54 inches, brown (7.5YR 4/4) mucky peat (sapric material) that darkens rapidly to dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3 and 5YR 2/2) upon exposure to air, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) dry; fibrous and massive, finely divided; slightly hard, very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; about 25 percent leaves and stems that, can be identified before rubbing; medium acid (pH 6.0); abrupt, wavy boundary. (20 to 40 inches thick) IIC-54 to 55 inches, light-gray (10YR. 7/1) very fine sand and silt volcanic ash, light gray (10YR 7/1) dry; massive; soft, very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; medium acid (pH 6.0); abrupt, wavy boundary. (1.2 to 2 inChes thick) Oa5-55 to 60 inches, dark reddish-brown (5YR 3/4) muck (sapric material) that darkens rapidly, upon exposure to air, to dark reddish brown (5YR 2/2) and finally to black (5YR 2/1), black (5YR 2/1) dry; massive; hard, very friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; less than 15 percent wood fibers can be identified; neutral (pH 6.6). In places 1/2- to 2-inch strata (or a single stratum) of volcanic ash or a 1- to 12-inch layer of light-gray or light brownish-gray diatomaceous earth are present at any depth in the profile. The organic layers range from medium acid to neutral. This soil is very poorly drained. Permeability is moderate. Roots penetrate to a depth of 60 inches. This soil holds more than 10 inches of water available for plants. Runoff is very slow or ponded, and the hazard of erosion is generally slight or nonexistent. Along banks of open drainage ditches, however, sloughing and slippage are common. A seasonal high water table is at a depth of 0 to 1 foot. This soil is used mainly for growing grasses and legumes for hay, silage, and grazing and for growing garden truck and field crops. Capability unit IIw-2; not assigned to a woodland group. I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I > " " ""Om 6Z f""'to gO - )( m I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Wetland A Wetland A near wetland boundary flag A-5