HomeMy WebLinkAboutWORKSHOP re Continuity of Operations presentationThe Great Wave off
Kanagawa
Artist, Katsushika Hokusai
Continuity of Operations Planning and
Hazard Vulnerability Analysis
Workshop Agenda
►Review Continuity of Operations Planning definition, purpose, and draft process for
developing County COOP.
►Solicit feedback from Board on process, receive endorsement from Board to carry out plan
development with assistance from all Elected/Appoint Department heads.
►Review abbreviated Hazard Vulnerability Analysis.
COOP Planning Definition
►An effort within individual departments and agencies to ensure the continued performance of minimum
essential functions during a wide range of potential emergencies. Essentially, it is the capability of
maintaining the business of government under all eventualities. This is accomplished through the
development of plans, comprehensive procedures, and provision for alternative facilities, personnel,
resources, interoperable communications, and vital records/databases.
COOP Planning Purpose
►Goals of a Continuity Plan:
►Provide vital or “mission critical” services
►Exercise civil authority
►Maintain safety of the general public
►Sustain economic base during an emergency
►Provide training and information to staff on emergency procedures and plans
COOP Planning
Current Status
►Many individual departments have done work around continuity:
►Chains of succession, food storage, cloud backups, etc.
►No single overarching continuity plan exists for County as a whole
COOP Planning
Process
►COOP planning requires participation and awareness from everyone in the
organization, including input and assistance in collecting data.
►We are proposing an 8 steps process, with 4 activities included, to help
assemble a county-wide COOP plan.
COOP Planning
Process
►Step 1: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis
►Share recently completed Hazard Vulnerability Analysis with Directors and
Electeds and next Coordination meeting.
►A HVA represents an overview of disaster scenarios within the county and an
analysis of risk.
►Helps establish what you are planning for and how to prioritize.
►This will also serve as an opportunity to solicit input from Appointed and
Elected Dept. Heads, and establish a planning timeline based on their
capabilities and ability to participate.
COOP Planning
Process
►Step 2/Activity 1: Essential Function Identification
►Essential functions are those organizational functions and activities that must be
continued under any and all circumstances.
►Departments will be asked to list functions under their department that meet the above
criteria, and assign them a value based on the below “resumption time objective”
(RTOs) based on the standards developed by the California Office of Emergency
Services, ranking from A - Emergency Response Functions, that must be resumed with
0 - 2 hours after an event, to E - Low Impact, that can be paused for 3 weeks or longer.
►Additionally, departments can be asked to identify which programs are legally
mandated (RCW and/or WAC), which programs are necessary to justify or receive
funding, and any other justifications for maintaining programs that may be relevant.
COOP Planning
Process
►Step 3/Activity 2: Mission Critical Equipment and Resources
►Based on the essential functions identified above, what resources are required to
continue those functions adequately?
►This can include everything from facilities or work sites, communications systems,
personnel, vendors, etc.
►Central Services will work with Departments to develop the lists of this information.
►After this step, we will have a priority ranking of County essential services, and the
resources required to maintain those services.
COOP Planning
Process
►Step 4/Activity 3: Line of Succession/Delegation of Authority and Essential Personnel
►Departments will be asked to provide lines of succession for critical authorities within
their department. This work has already been done in several departments.
►Departments will also be asked to identify all essential personnel within their
department, based on the previous surveys, that would be required to perform
emergency work or maintain critical operations after an incident (i.e. for tier A, B, or C
critical functions).
COOP Planning
Process
►Step 5/Activity 4: Review and Develop Recovery Strategy
►With functions, essential resources, and potential hazards identified, we can now
develop strategies for recovery, including:
►Alternate facilities - locations to resume essential functions should existing facilities
(i.e. the courthouse) be impacted.
►Systems and equipment - acquiring and deploying backup or new critical
resources
►Records and databases - implementing backups of critical records should on-site
storage be impacted
►Essential personnel - identification of essential personnel and communication of
their status, and expectation in an emergency
COOP Planning
Process
►Step 6: Plan Compilation and Review
►The Planning Team should meet to review data collected after each
questionnaire, but one final review should occur as the data is collated into a
cohesive COOP plan. The Planning Team should review data collected to
discrepancies, opportunities for further discussion, and areas for
review/improvement during a future plan update.
►The Plan should then be prepared to review and signature before the BOCC.
COOP Planning
Process
►Step 7: Training and Information Sharing
►Training for staff on hazards/emergency scenarios, expectations for them as a County
employee, and potential continuity operations.
►This can occur at the departmental-level, or during broader County-wide trainings.
►Solicit feedback on employees on COOP plan and additional emergency prep needs.
COOP Planning
Process
►Step 8: Review feedback and prep for next planning cycle
►Planning team should convene after employee training to review feedback, areas for
improvement in current plan, solicit direction from BOCC, and prepare for a plan review
at least once every two years.
Feedback
►Exact planning timeline TBD after discussion with Directors/Electeds based on capacity,
goals, etc.
►Any areas of particular concern for BOCC? Any additional goals for COOP planning?
Definition: HVA
►Hazard and Vulnerability Analysis:
►In short, it’s an assessment of risk:
►Risk = Probability x Impact or (Magnitude - Mitigation/Response Capacity)
►Risk is calculated for each identified hazard for comparison/context
►HVAs represent a snapshot analysis of an organization, agency, or jurisdiction’s
overall threat profile and the risks it faces.
►DEM completed one, with community input, for recently FEMA-approved
Mitigation Plan.
Definition: HVA
►Started by listing all potential hazards an organization, agency, or jurisdiction may
face, whether they be:
►Natural (earthquakes, tornadoes)
►Technological (long-term power/internet outage)
►Man-made (terrorism)
Definition: HVA
►Then, identify the probability or likelihood of each on a rough scale:
1.Unknown but rare
2.Unknown but anticipated/eventual
3.One hundred years or less
4.25 years or less
5.Once per year or more
Definition: HVA
►From there, we evaluate their impacts to our entity with respect to:
►Human impact – impact to loss of life or death
►Physical losses – losses or damages to homes, property, infrastructure
►Continuity impact – interruption of critical services i.e. government, food supply
►This is the “Magnitude” portion of the equation
►Rated on a 0 – 3 rating scale, with 0 being no impact, 3 being catastrophic.
Definition: HVA
►Finally, evaluate your ability to mitigate and/or respond to each threat:
►Preparedness: The level of preplanning and mitigation activities you have undertaken
to protect yourself
►Internal response: The capabilities of local first responders, Emergency Operations,
local government, and other disaster responders to respond to impacts.
►External response: The capacity of the whole community (NPREP, local non-profits,
etc.) to respond to impacts
Definition: HVA
►Rated on a 0 – 3 rating scale
►0 being fully prepared
►1 = well prepared
►2 = somewhat prepared
►3 = not prepared
Final Product
Final Product
►Risk = Probability x Impact or (Magnitude - Mitigation/Response Capacity)
►Risk = Prob/5 * (H+P+C+P+I+E)/18
Purpose
►Easy to read and summarize, snapshot of jurisdictional risk profile.
►Helps drive conversations about risk and capabilities.
►Can help drive emergency plan development, mitigation plan
development, prioritization or training, planning, projects, etc.
►HVAs can be shared across jurisdictions to compare common challenges
and needs
►As with many planning projects, the process itself is valuable.
► Natural Disasters
Damaging Winds
Damaging Winds
►National Weather Service
defines high winds as
sustained winds of 40 mph
or gusts of 58 mph or
greater, not caused by
thunderstorms, expected
to last for an hour or more.
►Yearly occurrence – most
recent, Nov ‘22
windstorms, winter ‘24
“bomb cyclone”
Earthquakes
►An earthquake is ground shaking caused primarily by an abrupt shift
along a fracture in the earth, called a fault.
►The principal ways that earthquakes cause damage are by:
►strong ground shaking
►landslides
►liquefaction
►subsidence
►tsunamis (seismic ocean waves)
►seiches (rhythmic movements of inland bodies of water)
Earthquake
Subduction
Source
Alaska, 1964
Tohoku, 2011 Chile, 1960
Indonesia, 2004 (Boxing Day)
Deep San Juan
Plate Source
1965
1949 2001
Shallow Crustal Source
Surface trace of the Toe
Jam Fault (An extension
of the Seattle Fault) on
Bainbridge Island.
Figure from the USGS.
Earthquakes
►Cascadia Subduction: Potential for M8 or greater; occurs every 300 to 500
years, with last being 1700.
►Juan de Fuca: Approximate “recurrence intervals” for intraplate
earthquakes of various magnitude were estimated to be 35 years for
magnitude 6.5 and 100 years for magnitude 7. Since 1870, there have
been 7 earthquakes in the Puget Sound basin of magnitudes of 6.0 or
larger. Generally, these earthquakes last between 20 – 60 seconds.
►North American: These earthquakes are primarily shallow with depths of 30
kilometers or less and generally have the magnitude of 5 to 5.5, however
the largest recorded earthquake in Washington history was a 7.4 in 1872.
►Current estimates are at a 10% to 17% chance in the next 50 years.
Earthquakes
►South Whidbey Island:
Research has shown that the
SWI faults are active and
have generated at least four
large earthquakes in the last
16,000 years
Earthquakes
Tohoku, 2011
Boxing Day 2004, Hilo, 1946
Alaska, 1964
Tsunami
Tsunamis
►Tsunamis are wave trains, or series of waves, generated in
a body of water by an impulsive disturbance including
earthquakes, subaqueous or terrestrial landslides
impacting water bodies, or volcanoes.
►Distant source vs. Near Source
►Typical max wave height from near source (Cascadia)
event stands around 23 feet
►Damaging distant source events in 2011 and 1964
Eungard, et al, (2018), Tsunami hazard maps
of Port Angeles and Port Townsend,
Recent Tsunami
Inundation Mapping
for the Port Townsend
Vicinity
Flood
►Flooding is the uncontrolled release of impounded water resulting that can affect life and
property.
►River – heavy, prolonged rain and/or snowmelt causing rapidly rising river levels
►Tidal - high tides, strong winds, heavy swell, and low atmospheric pressure combine to
produce flooding.
►Flash - Although possible, flash floods are not as common in Jefferson County as theyare in
Eastern Washington. Flash floods are characterized by a very rapid quick rise of the water
level in a small river, stream or dry wash.
Brinnon Flooding – February 2015 Photo
by Keppie Keplinger
Riverine Flooding
Coastal Flooding – near Anacortes
Coastal Flooding
Flood
Public Health Emergency
►Public Health Emergencies can be food or water contamination or
medical emergencies such as diseases, epidemics, or a pandemic that
have the potential to affect people and animals over a significant
area.
►Includes blue green algae outbreaks at Anderson Lake, and in 2007,
Jefferson County health authorities put out warnings to customers of a
Port Townsend farm who purchased produce handled by an employee
who had contracted Hepatitis-A.
►Nationally, Ebola, Zika, and of course, COVID-19
Tornadoes
►Tornadoes are characterized by funnel clouds of varying sizes that generate
winds as fast as 500 miles per hour. They can affect an area of ¼ to ¾ of a mile
and seldom more than 16 miles long.
Tornado
Port Orchard, 2018
Image Courtesy KING 5
Volcanic Eruption/Ash
►A volcano is an opening in Earth's surface through which lava
(molten rock), hot gases, and rock fragments erupt from the earth’s
interior. Such an opening forms when melted rock from deep within
Earth (magma) blasts through the surface.
►There are no volcanoes in Jefferson County; however, the proximity
to potentially active volcanoes in the Cascade Mountains to the
east could impact the county. When Mt. St. Helens erupted on May
18, 1980, heavy ash from a west wind blanketed much of Eastern
Washington. Subsequent eruptions on May 25 and June 12 similarly
affected Western Washington, although to a lesser degree.
Volcanic Eruption/Ash
Ash Fall
2010 eruption of Eyjafjallajökull, Iceland. Photo by Henrik Thorburn
Wildfire/Forest Fire/Urban Interface
►Forest and wildland fires are the uncontrolled destruction of forested
and wild lands by fire caused by natural or human-made events.
Forest and wildland fires occur primarily in undeveloped areas,
although there are significant pockets of residences within Jefferson
County woodlands.
►According to the National Fire Information Reporting System (NFIRS),
Jefferson County averages 5 – 10 acres of wildland fires every year.
The last major wildfire, the Chimney Peak fire, occurred in 1981.
Hayes Fire, ONP, August 26, 2016 Photo from Peninsula Dailey News
Wildfire
Winter Storm
►The National Weather Service defines a winter storm as having significant
snowfall, ice, and/or freezing rain; the quantity of precipitation varies by
elevation.
►Heavy snowfall is 4 inches or more in a 12-hour period, or 6 inches or more
in a 24-hour period in non-mountainous areas;
►12 inches or more in a 12-hour period or 18 inches or more in a 24-hour
period in mountainous areas.
►Different than high winds, flooding, landslides – each hazard can impact
Jefferson separately or together.
►Last snow storm requiring declaration was in 1955, although a declaration
was requested in 2019 for February’s ”Snowmageddon” – it was denied.
Winter Storms
Water Street, 1955
Source: Port Townsend An Illustrated History…
►Man-made Disasters
Military Ordinance Incident
►The largest munitions depot on the west coast, Naval Magazine Indian
Island (NAVMAG), is located within the boundary of Jefferson County.
Tens of thousands of tons of high explosives in the form of missiles,
torpedoes, warheads, etc. are shipped in and out of the depot every year
by ship and by truck. There is a possibility of an accident or incident
detonating high explosives near a populated area.
►In 2008, a fully loaded semi-truck carrying 155mm munitions out of the
base lost its brakes on a hill leading to the main gate of the navy base. A
quick-thinking sentry raised the security bollards, which stopped the truck
from entering onto the state highway fronting the base. There were no
detonators with the munitions, so the threat of explosion was relatively low
in this case.
Military Ordnance Incident DOD
Military Ordnance Incident
Long-term Power Outage
►Can occur as a result of winter storms, issues at Bonneville Feeder, or by
acts of terrorism (physical attack to infrastructure, cyber attack)
►Outages occur multiple times a year due to storms. Whole county lost
power for several hours after Bonneville line was compromised in 2019.
►Extended (>24 hours) outages can cause loss of life due to medical
device failure and lack of heating/cooling; economic damage due to lost
wages and food.
Water Shortage/Sewer Failure
►Water can be in short supply or become contaminated due to either
intentional actions or to unintentional consequences of improper
handling, system breakdowns, or through the introduction of bacteria
from various means. It can also be chronically in short supply due to the
effects of climate warming on municipal water supplies.
►On September 19, 2016, routine testing identified the possibility of a toxic
substance in the City water supply. Subsequent testing showed the water
to be safe. In the meantime, the EOC prepared a plan to distribute water
to 10,000 residents daily. Water trucks and bladders were deemed not
adequate. Estimated costs to deliver bottled water were $30,000 per day
in both direct and indirect costs.
Misc. Human-Caused Events
►Civil Disturbance – mass protests; previously seen sit-ins at NavMag;
possibility during COVID, police reform protests
►Hazardous Materials Spill – 25 – 30 spills per year, mostly petroleum near
ports. Paper Mill and transport in/out of NavMag represent biggest threats.
►Major Fire Activity – Large urban fires, may spread building to building.
Modern fire codes, improved response limits probability, although older
homes may contribute.
►Major Law Activity and/or Terrorism – Any incident that consume limited
law resources i.e. pipe bomb scare in 2013 at Mountain View. Hard to
predict.
HazMat
Cyber
Terrorism
Misc. Human-Caused Events
►Marine oil spill – See HazMat. Occurs semi-frequently at small scale. Larger
event could disrupt local economy.
►Maritime emergency - Puget Sound and the Admiralty Inlet are some of
the highest trafficked sea lanes in the United States. The Port Townsend
Bay has traffic from the ferry system, submarines, navy and coast guard
warships, commercial fishing vessels, occasional cruise ships, and many
pleasure craft. At times, the rough seas can threaten the ferries or small
vessels.
Maritime
Emergency
Ferry, Collision, Philippines, December 24, 2009,
Photo: Radio Free Europe
HVA Survey Results
►Final tally of participants: 84
►Some qualitative feedback:
►PERCEPTION
►Difficult to gauge preparedness levels most of all
►Tedious
►More often
Earthquake
Earthquake
Earthquake
Earthquake
Heat Wave
Fire
Fire